This thesis study focuses on the basic concepts of supply and demand balance, capacity, economies of scale and scope, theoretical and practical integrated research problems, solution possibilities and techniques.in the production processes, supply chain, combined transport main services processes. The study investigated medium and long-term capacity and scale economies, supply and demand balance fluctuations, requirements and qualifications, possible variations of production, the techniques of economically describing and determining, economies of scale and scope. Economies of scale and scope compliance levels of companies in Turkey was searched by the information gathering form organized within the scope of the study. It was found that scale and scope economies are higher in companies operating in the field of logistics than manufacturing firms and It was determined that the firms had development areas to increase the economies of scale and scope levels. It is clear that average demands in long-run business sub-processes have emerged under the capacity of scale economies. This way of working was dealt with based on diversity of operating production due to fluctuations in demand and on reducing the idle capacity and reducing the average unit costs. The study investigated relations between opportunity cost, unit average cost, linear programming and break-even techniques integrated in the direction of the method of determining production varieties. It has been seen that the logistics, upstream and downstream services of the supply chain processes should be advanced in the direction of marketing researches, the possibilities of optimum economies of scale and scope economies.This thesis study focuses on the basic concepts of supply and demand balance, capacity, economies of scale and scope, theoretical and practical integrated research problems, solution possibilities and techniques.in the production processes, supply chain, combined transport main services processes. The study investigated medium and long-term capacity and scale economies, supply and demand balance fluctuations, requirements and qualifications, possible variations of production, the techniques of economically describing and determining, economies of scale and scope. Economies of scale and scope compliance levels of companies in Turkey was searched by the information gathering form organized within the scope of the study. It was found that scale and scope economies are higher in companies operating in the field of logistics than manufacturing firms and It was determined that the firms had development areas to increase the economies of scale and scope levels. It is clear that average demands in long-run business sub-processes have emerged under the capacity of scale economies. This way of working was dealt with based on diversity of operating production due to fluctuations in demand and on reducing the idle capacity and reducing the average unit costs. The study investigated relations between opportunity cost, unit average cost, linear programming and break-even techniques integrated in the direction of the method of determining production varieties. It has been seen that the logistics, upstream and downstream services of the supply chain processes should be advanced in the direction of marketing researches, the possibilities of optimum economies of scale and scope economies.

Bu tez çalışması üretim süreçlerinde, tedarik zinciri, kombine taşımacılık ana hizmetleri süreçlerinde arz ve talep dengesi, kapasite, ölçek ve kapsam ekonomisi temel kavramlarına, teorik ve pratik bütünleşik araştırma sorunlarına, çözümleme olanaklarına ve tekniklerine odaklıdır.Çalışma orta ve uzun dönemli kapasite ve ölçek ekonomisi büyüklüklerini, arz ve talep dengesi dalgalanmalarını, gerekliliklerini ve yeterliliklerini, olanaklar doğrultusunda üretim çeşitliliklerini, ölçek ve kapsam ekonomisini ekonomik olarak tanımlama ve belirleme tekniklerini araştırdı. Çalışma kapsamında düzenlenen bilgi toplama formu ile Türkiye'deki firmaların ölçek ve kapsam ekonomisi uygunluk düzeyleri araştırıldı. Lojistik alanında faaliyet gösteren firmalarda ölçek ve kapsam ekonomisinin, mal üretimi yapan firmalara göre daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu, firmaların ölçek ve kapsam ekonomisi düzeylerinin artırılması yönünde gelişme alanlarının olduğu tespit edildi. Uzun dönemli işletme alt süreçlerinde ortalama taleplerin ölçek ekonomileri kapasitesi altında ortaya çıktığı açıktır. Bu yönde çalışma yöntemi, talep dalgalanmalarına bağlı işletme üretim çeşitlilikleri ile atıl kapasiteyi azaltma, ortalama birim maliyetleri azaltma temelli olarak ele alındı. Üretim çeşitliliklerini belirleme yöntemi doğrultularında fırsat maliyeti, birim ortalama maliyeti, doğrusal programlama ve başa baş tekniklerini bütünleşik olarak ele aldı ilişkilerini araştırdı. Lojistik, tedarik zinciri süreçlerinin alt ve üst hizmetlerinin, pazarlama araştırmalarının, optimum ölçek ve kapsam ekonomileri olanakları doğrultularında ilerletilmeleri gerektiği görüldü.