Politics after Kant: Aesthetic-Politics, Aesthetic State and Republic in Schiller

Fırat Mollaer

Makale detayları

Politics after Kant: Aesthetic-Politics, Aesthetic State and Republic in Schiller

Yazarlar:

Fırat Mollaer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Etik

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.248-270

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330211

pISSN:

2645-8950

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This article analyzes the thought of Schiller, one of the most important moments of post-Kantian political thought, in terms of the relationship between aesthetics and politics. Schiller puts forward one of the first political interpretations of Kants philosophy. Thus, he becomes one of the dominant examples of post-Kantian political thought. While Schiller develops his thought through a critical dialog with Kants philosophy, he precedes political philosophers such as Hannah Arendt, who in the 20th century made a political interpretation of Kants philosophy. The most important dimension of this critical dialog is the establishment of the link between aesthetics and politics. In Schillers political thought, aesthetics has a structural function of determining the basic criteria of freedom for the political sphere. Schillers political thought was shaped under the shadow of the French Revolution and modernity, as well as Kants philosophy. Like many idealist and romantic thinkers of his generation, Schiller first approved of the French Revolutions moment of political modernity and then developed a critique of it in relation to the extent of revolutionary violence. Schiller is also one of the first thinkers to characterize modernity as a disenchantment. Moreover, Schiller directs this attitude towards modernity towards the creation of a new aesthetic politics. Schillers politics against the mechanistic understanding of the state and the modern disenchantment of political modernity is the construction of an aesthetic state. The aesthetic state means the following: A new state in which the individual-society balance is established and the state ceases to be a foreign political organization that exerts mere oppression and power over individuals; a political form that replaces the modern state, which has become mechanized and turned into an impersonal entity; a political form in which the state is aestheticized and adapted to the sensory and aesthetic needs of individuals; a political solution that will cure the wounds of modernity, which is divided and fragmented between reason and the senses.

 This article analyzes the thought of Schiller, one of the most important moments of post-Kantian political thought, in terms of the relationship between aesthetics and politics. Schiller puts forward one of the first political interpretations of Kants philosophy. Thus, he becomes one of the dominant examples of post-Kantian political thought. While Schiller develops his thought through a critical dialog with Kants philosophy, he precedes political philosophers such as Hannah Arendt, who in the 20th century made a political interpretation of Kants philosophy. The most important dimension of this critical dialog is the establishment of the link between aesthetics and politics. In Schillers political thought, aesthetics has a structural function of determining the basic criteria of freedom for the political sphere. Schillers political thought was shaped under the shadow of the French Revolution and modernity, as well as Kants philosophy. Like many idealist and romantic thinkers of his generation, Schiller first approved of the French Revolutions moment of political modernity and then developed a critique of it in relation to the extent of revolutionary violence. Schiller is also one of the first thinkers to characterize modernity as a disenchantment. Moreover, Schiller directs this attitude towards modernity towards the creation of a new aesthetic politics. Schillers politics against the mechanistic understanding of the state and the modern disenchantment of political modernity is the construction of an aesthetic state. The aesthetic state means the following: A new state in which the individual-society balance is established and the state ceases to be a foreign political organization that exerts mere oppression and power over individuals; a political form that replaces the modern state, which has become mechanized and turned into an impersonal entity; a political form in which the state is aestheticized and adapted to the sensory and aesthetic needs of individuals; a political solution that will cure the wounds of modernity, which is divided and fragmented between reason and the senses.

 This article analyzes the thought of Schiller, one of the most important moments of post-Kantian political thought, in terms of the relationship between aesthetics and politics. Schiller puts forward one of the first political interpretations of Kants philosophy. Thus, he becomes one of the dominant examples of post-Kantian political thought. While Schiller develops his thought through a critical dialog with Kants philosophy, he precedes political philosophers such as Hannah Arendt, who in the 20th century made a political interpretation of Kants philosophy. The most important dimension of this critical dialog is the establishment of the link between aesthetics and politics. In Schillers political thought, aesthetics has a structural function of determining the basic criteria of freedom for the political sphere. Schillers political thought was shaped under the shadow of the French Revolution and modernity, as well as Kants philosophy. Like many idealist and romantic thinkers of his generation, Schiller first approved of the French Revolutions moment of political modernity and then developed a critique of it in relation to the extent of revolutionary violence. Schiller is also one of the first thinkers to characterize modernity as a disenchantment. Moreover, Schiller directs this attitude towards modernity towards the creation of a new aesthetic politics. Schillers politics against the mechanistic understanding of the state and the modern disenchantment of political modernity is the construction of an aesthetic state. The aesthetic state means the following: A new state in which the individual-society balance is established and the state ceases to be a foreign political organization that exerts mere oppression and power over individuals; a political form that replaces the modern state, which has become mechanized and turned into an impersonal entity; a political form in which the state is aestheticized and adapted to the sensory and aesthetic needs of individuals; a political solution that will cure the wounds of modernity, which is divided and fragmented between reason and the senses.

 Bu makale Kant sonrası siyasi düşüncenin en önemli uğraklarından biri olan Schillerin düşüncesini estetik-siyaset ilişkisi açısından incelemektedir. Schiller, Kant felsefesine yönelik ilk siyasi yorumlardan birini ortaya koyar. Böylece Kant sonrası siyaseti düşünmenin başat örneklerinden biri haline gelir. Schiller, Kant felsefesiyle giriştiği eleştirel diyalog ile düşüncesini geliştirirken 20. yüzyılda Kantın felsefesinin siyasi yorumunu yapan Hannah Arendt gibi siyaset filozoflarını önceler. Söz konusu eleştirel diyalogun en önemli boyutu, estetik ile siyaset arasındaki bağın kurulmasıdır. Schillerin siyasi düşüncesinde estetiğin siyasi alan için temel özgürlük ölçütlerini belirlemek gibi yapısal bir işlevi bulunmaktadır. Schillerin siyasi düşüncesi, Kant felsefesinin yanı sıra, Fransız Devrimi ve modernliğin gölgesinde biçimlenmiştir. Schiller kendi kuşağının pek çok idealist ve romantik düşün insanı gibi Fransız Devriminin siyasal modernlik anını önce onaylamış, ardından devrimci şiddetin boyutlarıyla ilişkili olarak bir eleştiri de geliştirmiştir. Schiller, aynı zamanda modernliği bir büyübozumu olarak niteleyen ilk düşünürlerden biridir. Daha önemlisi, Schiller, modernliğe yönelik bu tutumunu yeni bir estetik-siyasetin yaratılmasına yönlendirir. Schillerin siyasal modernliğin mekanik devlet anlayışı ile modern büyübozumuna karşı ortaya koyduğu siyaset estetik devletin inşa edilmesidir. Estetik devlet şu anlamlara gelmektedir: Birey-toplum dengesinin kurulduğu, devletin bireyler üzerinde salt baskı ve güç uygulayan yabancı bir siyasal örgütlenme olmaktan çıktığı yeni bir devlet; mekanikleşip kişi ötesi gayrı-şahsi bir varlığa dönüşmüş modern devletin yerini alan, devletin estetikleşerek bireylerin duyusal ve estetik ihtiyaçlarına uyarlandığı siyasal biçim; akıl ve duyular arasında bölünüp parçalanmış modernliğin yaralarını tedavi edecek bir siyasal çözüm.

Makale detayları

Politics after Kant: Aesthetic-Politics, Aesthetic State and Republic in Schiller

Yazarlar:

Fırat Mollaer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Etik

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.248-270

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330211

pISSN:

2645-8950

Kant

Politics After Kant

Schiller

Aesthetics

PoliticsKant

Kant Sonrası Siyaset

Schiller

Estetik

Siyaset

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fırat Mollaer

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Etik

Dergi: Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.248-270

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001330211

pISSN: 2645-8950

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fırat Mollaer

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Etik

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 3, pp.248-270

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001330211

pISSN:

2645-8950