Position of the Qawl al-Sahâbî in the Hierarchy of Evidence of the Hanafī Madhhab Compared to Qiyas

Salih Erden

Makale detayları

Position of the Qawl al-Sahâbî in the Hierarchy of Evidence of the Hanafī Madhhab Compared to Qiyas

Yazarlar:

Salih Erden

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Düzce İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.87-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001322219

pISSN:

2980-2814

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study aims to determine the position of the qawl al-sahâbî in the hierarchy of evidence of the Hanafī madhhab compared to qiyas. İn the study firstly, the concepts of sahābī and qawl al-sahâbî are discussed, then the views of the founding imams of the Hanafī madhhab and the Hanafī methodologists on this issue are presented. Finally, three issues in which the founding imams are alleged to have taken a contradictory stance on the qawl al-sahâbî and the possible reasons for Abū al-Ḥasan al-Karhīs different view from the Hanafī madhhab on the evidential value of the qawl al-sahâbî are analysed. According to the findings of the study, the founding imams of the Hanafi madhhab took the qawl al-sahâbî as a reference and preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in matters that could not be understood by reason and those that could be understood. In the sources, there are many narrations from the founding imams that in both cases, they preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas. In addition, many Hanafī jurists have stated that this was the approach of the imams towards the qawl al-sahâbî. On the other hand, Hanafī lawyers, like the founding imams, a preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in both cases. However, al-Karhī put forward a different view on this issue and argued that although the qawl al-sahâbî has evidential value in matters that cannot be understood through reason, it does not have any superiority over qiyas in matters that understood through reason. There is some evidence that Mutazilite thought had an influence on his adoption of this view. In addition, the three issues on which the founding imams are alleged to have exhibited contradictory attitudes can be interpreted in accordance with the narrations showing that they prioritised the qawl al-sahâbî over qiyas.

 This study aims to determine the position of the qawl al-sahâbî in the hierarchy of evidence of the Hanafī madhhab compared to qiyas. İn the study firstly, the concepts of sahābī and qawl al-sahâbî are discussed, then the views of the founding imams of the Hanafī madhhab and the Hanafī methodologists on this issue are presented. Finally, three issues in which the founding imams are alleged to have taken a contradictory stance on the qawl al-sahâbî and the possible reasons for Abū al-Ḥasan al-Karhīs different view from the Hanafī madhhab on the evidential value of the qawl al-sahâbî are analysed. According to the findings of the study, the founding imams of the Hanafi madhhab took the qawl al-sahâbî as a reference and preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in matters that could not be understood by reason and those that could be understood. In the sources, there are many narrations from the founding imams that in both cases, they preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas. In addition, many Hanafī jurists have stated that this was the approach of the imams towards the qawl al-sahâbî. On the other hand, Hanafī lawyers, like the founding imams, a preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in both cases. However, al-Karhī put forward a different view on this issue and argued that although the qawl al-sahâbî has evidential value in matters that cannot be understood through reason, it does not have any superiority over qiyas in matters that understood through reason. There is some evidence that Mutazilite thought had an influence on his adoption of this view. In addition, the three issues on which the founding imams are alleged to have exhibited contradictory attitudes can be interpreted in accordance with the narrations showing that they prioritised the qawl al-sahâbî over qiyas.

 This study aims to determine the position of the qawl al-sahâbî in the hierarchy of evidence of the Hanafī madhhab compared to qiyas. İn the study firstly, the concepts of sahābī and qawl al-sahâbî are discussed, then the views of the founding imams of the Hanafī madhhab and the Hanafī methodologists on this issue are presented. Finally, three issues in which the founding imams are alleged to have taken a contradictory stance on the qawl al-sahâbî and the possible reasons for Abū al-Ḥasan al-Karhīs different view from the Hanafī madhhab on the evidential value of the qawl al-sahâbî are analysed. According to the findings of the study, the founding imams of the Hanafi madhhab took the qawl al-sahâbî as a reference and preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in matters that could not be understood by reason and those that could be understood. In the sources, there are many narrations from the founding imams that in both cases, they preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas. In addition, many Hanafī jurists have stated that this was the approach of the imams towards the qawl al-sahâbî. On the other hand, Hanafī lawyers, like the founding imams, a preferred the qawl al-sahâbî to qiyas in both cases. However, al-Karhī put forward a different view on this issue and argued that although the qawl al-sahâbî has evidential value in matters that cannot be understood through reason, it does not have any superiority over qiyas in matters that understood through reason. There is some evidence that Mutazilite thought had an influence on his adoption of this view. In addition, the three issues on which the founding imams are alleged to have exhibited contradictory attitudes can be interpreted in accordance with the narrations showing that they prioritised the qawl al-sahâbî over qiyas.

 Bu çalışma, Hanefî mezhebinin deliller hiyerarşisinde sahâbî kavlinin kıyas karşısındaki konumunu tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, öncelikle sahâbî ve sahâbî kavli kavramları ele alınmış, daha sonra Hanefî mezhebinin kurucu imamlarının ve Hanefî usulcülerin konuyla ilgili görüşleri ortaya konulmuştur. Son olarak kurucu imamların sahâbî kavli konusunda çelişkili tutum sergilediği iddia edilen üç mesele ve Ebûl-Hasen el-Kerhînin sahâbî kavlinin delil değeri konusunda Hanefî mezhebinden farklı bir görüş ileri sürmesinin olası nedenleri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre Hanefî mezhebinin kurucu imamları, gerek akılkıyas ile anlaşılamayan gerek anlaşılabilen konularda sahâbî kavlini referans almış ve sahâbî kavlini kıyasa tercih etmişlerdir. Kaynaklarda her iki durumda sahâbî kavlini kıyasa takdim ettiklerine yönelik kurucu imamlardan nakledilen çok sayıda rivâyet bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca pek çok Hanefî usulcü, imamların sahâbî kavline yaklaşımının bu yönde olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Öte yandan Hanefî usûl bilginleri de kurucu imamlar gibi sahâbî kavlinin her iki durumda kıyasa takdim edilmesi gerektiğini savunmuştur. Ancak, Kerhî bu konuda farklı bir görüş ortaya koymuş, sahâbî kavlinin akıl yoluyla anlaşılamayan konularda delil değeri olmakla birlikte akıl yoluyla anlaşılabilen meselelerde kıyas karşısında herhangi bir üstünlüğünün bulunmadığını ileri sürmüştür. Onun bu görüşü benimsemesinde Mutezile düşüncenin etkisi olduğunu gösteren bazı kanıtlar bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca kurucu imamların çelişkili tutum sergilediği iddia edilen üç mesele, onların sahâbî kavlini kıyastan öncelikli kabul ettiklerini gösteren rivayetlerle uyumlu bir şekilde yorumlanabilir.

Makale detayları

Position of the Qawl al-Sahâbî in the Hierarchy of Evidence of the Hanafī Madhhab Compared to Qiyas

Yazarlar:

Salih Erden

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Düzce İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.87-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001322219

pISSN:

2980-2814

Islamic Law

Hanafī Madhhab

Adilla Sharī’ah

Qawl al-Sahâbî

Qiyasİslam Hukuku

Hanefi Mezhebi

Şer‘î deliller

Sahâbî Kavli

Kıyas

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Salih Erden

Yayıncı: Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Düzce İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.87-114

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001322219

pISSN: 2980-2814

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Salih Erden

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Düzce İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.87-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001322219

pISSN:

2980-2814