The Formation of Science of Sufism in the Context of Press Examples to Sufis in the Process of Entity

Abdulkadir Demir

Makale detayları

The Formation of Science of Sufism in the Context of Press Examples to Sufis in the Process of Entity

Yazarlar:

Abdulkadir Demir

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Nisar Issue 2, pp.113-142

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290541

pISSN:

2979-9147

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Today, the issues related to the formation of the science of Sufism attract the attention of researchers and various studies are carried out on this subject. This study aims to examine what kind of effects the incidents of pressure against Sufis have on the formation of the science of Sufism in order to contribute to these studies conducted for the formation of the science of Sufism. When the pressure incidents, which are the focus of our working title, are examined, it is seen that the data mostly consist of the narratives of Sufi authors. Given the lack of diversity of sources, it is necessary to avoid making a general judgment on examples of pressure. When it examines whether the examples of pressure mentioned in the sources are individual or collective pressure, as in the mihna event, it is revealed that pressure is a highly individual event. On this occasion, it may be thought that a collective mihna process cannot be mentioned against the Sufis, as Sulemi points out in his work Mihanus-sufiyya. However, although the diversity of resources in the field is insufficient, the available resources are in alliance when pressure incidents occur. It is seen that the pressures were experienced especially during the transition period from the period of asceticism to the period of mysticism. As is, it is seen that the newly formed ideas and behaviors of the people of Sufism, who have been referred to as Sufis since H. 2nd century with the discourse of Kuşeyri, are not welcomed by society and especially by the ulema. After the conflict resulted in pressure and the removal of Sufis from their community, Sufi authors wrote works advocating that Sufism was along the lines of Ahl as-sunnah against the accusations against Sufism. Sufi authors have persistently mentioned the existence of incidents of pressure in their works and that there are deceptive Sufis among Sufis. The reason why Sufis mention these issues in their works is that they want to place Sufism among other Islamic sciences by stating that the accusations against Sufism are due to deceptive Sufis. Their efforts must have been reciprocated, as there have been signs of reconciliation between the Sufis and the community with which they have been in conflict since the first half of 11th century.

 Today, the issues related to the formation of the science of Sufism attract the attention of researchers and various studies are carried out on this subject. This study aims to examine what kind of effects the incidents of pressure against Sufis have on the formation of the science of Sufism in order to contribute to these studies conducted for the formation of the science of Sufism. When the pressure incidents, which are the focus of our working title, are examined, it is seen that the data mostly consist of the narratives of Sufi authors. Given the lack of diversity of sources, it is necessary to avoid making a general judgment on examples of pressure. When it examines whether the examples of pressure mentioned in the sources are individual or collective pressure, as in the mihna event, it is revealed that pressure is a highly individual event. On this occasion, it may be thought that a collective mihna process cannot be mentioned against the Sufis, as Sulemi points out in his work Mihanus-sufiyya. However, although the diversity of resources in the field is insufficient, the available resources are in alliance when pressure incidents occur. It is seen that the pressures were experienced especially during the transition period from the period of asceticism to the period of mysticism. As is, it is seen that the newly formed ideas and behaviors of the people of Sufism, who have been referred to as Sufis since H. 2nd century with the discourse of Kuşeyri, are not welcomed by society and especially by the ulema. After the conflict resulted in pressure and the removal of Sufis from their community, Sufi authors wrote works advocating that Sufism was along the lines of Ahl as-sunnah against the accusations against Sufism. Sufi authors have persistently mentioned the existence of incidents of pressure in their works and that there are deceptive Sufis among Sufis. The reason why Sufis mention these issues in their works is that they want to place Sufism among other Islamic sciences by stating that the accusations against Sufism are due to deceptive Sufis. Their efforts must have been reciprocated, as there have been signs of reconciliation between the Sufis and the community with which they have been in conflict since the first half of 11th century.

 Today, the issues related to the formation of the science of Sufism attract the attention of researchers and various studies are carried out on this subject. This study aims to examine what kind of effects the incidents of pressure against Sufis have on the formation of the science of Sufism in order to contribute to these studies conducted for the formation of the science of Sufism. When the pressure incidents, which are the focus of our working title, are examined, it is seen that the data mostly consist of the narratives of Sufi authors. Given the lack of diversity of sources, it is necessary to avoid making a general judgment on examples of pressure. When it examines whether the examples of pressure mentioned in the sources are individual or collective pressure, as in the mihna event, it is revealed that pressure is a highly individual event. On this occasion, it may be thought that a collective mihna process cannot be mentioned against the Sufis, as Sulemi points out in his work Mihanus-sufiyya. However, although the diversity of resources in the field is insufficient, the available resources are in alliance when pressure incidents occur. It is seen that the pressures were experienced especially during the transition period from the period of asceticism to the period of mysticism. As is, it is seen that the newly formed ideas and behaviors of the people of Sufism, who have been referred to as Sufis since H. 2nd century with the discourse of Kuşeyri, are not welcomed by society and especially by the ulema. After the conflict resulted in pressure and the removal of Sufis from their community, Sufi authors wrote works advocating that Sufism was along the lines of Ahl as-sunnah against the accusations against Sufism. Sufi authors have persistently mentioned the existence of incidents of pressure in their works and that there are deceptive Sufis among Sufis. The reason why Sufis mention these issues in their works is that they want to place Sufism among other Islamic sciences by stating that the accusations against Sufism are due to deceptive Sufis. Their efforts must have been reciprocated, as there have been signs of reconciliation between the Sufis and the community with which they have been in conflict since the first half of 11th century.

 Günümüzde tasavvuf ilminin oluşumuna dair hususlar araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmekte ve bu konuda çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma tasavvuf ilminin oluşumuna yönelik yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlamak adına sûfîlere karşı yapılan baskı hadiselerinin tasavvuf ilminin oluşumuna ne gibi etkilerinin olduğunu incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma başlığımızın odak noktası olan baskı hadiseleri incelendiğinde verilerin çoğunlukla sûfî müelliflerinin anlatılarından oluştuğu görülmektedir. Kaynak çeşitliliğinin eksikliği göz önüne alınarak baskı örnekleri üzerinde genel bir yargıya varmaktan kaçınmak gerekmektedir. Kaynaklarda belirtilen baskı örneklerinin bireysel mi yoksa mihne olayındaki gibi toplu bir baskı hadisesi olup olmadığı incelendiğinde baskıların önemli ölçüde bireysel hadiseler olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu vesileyle sûfîlere karşı Sülemînin Mihanus-sûfiyye adlı eserinde işaret ettiği gibi toplu bir mihne sürecinden bahsedilemeyeceği düşünülebilir. Ancak her ne kadar alana dair kaynak çeşitliliği yetersiz olsa da eldeki kaynaklar baskı hadiselerinin yaşandığında ittifak halindedir. Baskıların özellikle zühd döneminden tasavvuf dönemine geçiş sürecinde yaşandığı görülmektedir. Bu haliyle Kuşeyrînin söylemiyle H. II. asırdan itibaren sûfîler olarak anılan tasavvuf ehlinin yeni oluşturdukları fikir ve davranışlarının toplum ve özellikle ulemâ tarafından hoş karşılanmadığı görülmektedir. Yaşanan çatışmanın baskılar ve sûfîlerin bulundukları toplumdan uzaklaştırılmasıyla sonuçlanması üzerine sûfî müellifleri eserler kaleme alarak tasavvufa yöneltilen suçlamalara karşı tasavvufun Ehl-i sünnet çizgisinde olduğunu savunmuşlardır. Sûfî müellifleri eserlerinde baskı hadiselerinin varlığından ve sûfîler arasında sahte sûfîlerin olduğundan ısrarla söz etmişlerdir. Sûfîlerin eserlerinde bu hususlara değinmesinin sebebi tasavvufa yöneltilen suçlamaların sahte sûfîlerden dolayı olduğunu belirterek tasavvufu diğer İslamî ilimler arasına yerleştirmek istemeleridir. Onların bu uğraşları karşılık bulmuş olmalı ki XI. yüzyılın ilk yarısından itibaren sûfîler ve onların çatışma yaşadıkları zümreler arasında uzlaşma emarelerine rastlanmaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Formation of Science of Sufism in the Context of Press Examples to Sufis in the Process of Entity

Yazarlar:

Abdulkadir Demir

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Nisar Issue 2, pp.113-142

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290541

pISSN:

2979-9147

Mysticism

Sufis

Asceticism

Ulama

Ahl al-Sunnah

Islamic SciencesTasavvuf

Sûfîler

Zühd

Ulemâ

Ehl-i Sünnet

İslâmî İlimler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Abdulkadir Demir

Yayıncı: Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: Nisar Issue 2, pp.113-142

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001290541

pISSN: 2979-9147

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdulkadir Demir

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Nisar Issue 2, pp.113-142

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001290541

pISSN:

2979-9147