ANTI-COMMUNISM IN TURKEY ACCORDING TO CONSERVATIVE AND NATIONALIST JOURNALS (1960-1965)

Engin Çağdaş Bulut

Makale detayları

ANTI-COMMUNISM IN TURKEY ACCORDING TO CONSERVATIVE AND NATIONALIST JOURNALS (1960-1965)

Yazarlar:

Engin Çağdaş Bulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk Siyasi Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 48, pp.355-388

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324153

pISSN:

1300-0756

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Ideologies, regardless of whether they belong to the right or left groups, are elements that affect peoples mindset, political stance, economic outlook and, most importantly, their integration into society. Politicians, as the people most interested in what society thinks, have also used ideologies as a tool to shape government policies. Communism has been one of the ideologies that have seriously occupied both society and governments at certain periods. In Turkey, communism was positioned among the ideologies that would harm the independence of the country and disrupt national unity and social order. In addition, the idea that the social dimension of communism was an ideology that aimed to eliminate the Turkish family structure, Islamic values, inheritance and property law became widespread. Anti-communist discourse intensified with the effect of the anti-communist policy in the world, and its fiercest advocates were conservative and nationalist groups. Between 1960 and 1965, anti-communism was one of the topics frequently mentioned in the journals published by conservative and nationalist groups. According to the findings obtained from the journals analysed, it was determined that anti-communism articles were concentrated under four headings. These are emphasizing communisms connection with Russia, using it as an element of criticism in domestic politics, highlighting its attitude towards Islam and ways of dealing with communist propaganda. In the study, various issues of twelve different conservative and nationalist journals published between 1960 and 1965 were accessed and around sixty articles that would contribute to the subject were evaluated. Thus, it was aimed to determine from which perspective the anti-communist discourse was handled between the relevant years.

 Ideologies, regardless of whether they belong to the right or left groups, are elements that affect peoples mindset, political stance, economic outlook and, most importantly, their integration into society. Politicians, as the people most interested in what society thinks, have also used ideologies as a tool to shape government policies. Communism has been one of the ideologies that have seriously occupied both society and governments at certain periods. In Turkey, communism was positioned among the ideologies that would harm the independence of the country and disrupt national unity and social order. In addition, the idea that the social dimension of communism was an ideology that aimed to eliminate the Turkish family structure, Islamic values, inheritance and property law became widespread. Anti-communist discourse intensified with the effect of the anti-communist policy in the world, and its fiercest advocates were conservative and nationalist groups. Between 1960 and 1965, anti-communism was one of the topics frequently mentioned in the journals published by conservative and nationalist groups. According to the findings obtained from the journals analysed, it was determined that anti-communism articles were concentrated under four headings. These are emphasizing communisms connection with Russia, using it as an element of criticism in domestic politics, highlighting its attitude towards Islam and ways of dealing with communist propaganda. In the study, various issues of twelve different conservative and nationalist journals published between 1960 and 1965 were accessed and around sixty articles that would contribute to the subject were evaluated. Thus, it was aimed to determine from which perspective the anti-communist discourse was handled between the relevant years.

 Ideologies, regardless of whether they belong to the right or left groups, are elements that affect peoples mindset, political stance, economic outlook and, most importantly, their integration into society. Politicians, as the people most interested in what society thinks, have also used ideologies as a tool to shape government policies. Communism has been one of the ideologies that have seriously occupied both society and governments at certain periods. In Turkey, communism was positioned among the ideologies that would harm the independence of the country and disrupt national unity and social order. In addition, the idea that the social dimension of communism was an ideology that aimed to eliminate the Turkish family structure, Islamic values, inheritance and property law became widespread. Anti-communist discourse intensified with the effect of the anti-communist policy in the world, and its fiercest advocates were conservative and nationalist groups. Between 1960 and 1965, anti-communism was one of the topics frequently mentioned in the journals published by conservative and nationalist groups. According to the findings obtained from the journals analysed, it was determined that anti-communism articles were concentrated under four headings. These are emphasizing communisms connection with Russia, using it as an element of criticism in domestic politics, highlighting its attitude towards Islam and ways of dealing with communist propaganda. In the study, various issues of twelve different conservative and nationalist journals published between 1960 and 1965 were accessed and around sixty articles that would contribute to the subject were evaluated. Thus, it was aimed to determine from which perspective the anti-communist discourse was handled between the relevant years.

 İdeolojiler, sağ ya da sol gruplardan hangisine ait olurlarsa olsunlar, ayrım yapılmaksızın insanların düşünce yapısını, siyasi duruşlarını, ekonomiye bakışlarını ve en önemlisi toplumla bütünleşmelerini etkileyen unsurlardır. Toplumun ne düşündüğüyle en çok ilgilenen kişiler olarak politikacılar da ideolojileri hükümet politikalarını şekillendirici bir araç olarak kullanmışlardır. Komünizm hem toplumu hem de hükümetleri belli dönemlerde ciddi oranlarda meşgul eden ideolojilerden birisi olmuştur. Türkiyede komünizm ülkenin bağımsızlığına zarar verecek, milli birliği ve toplumsal düzeni bozacak ideolojiler arasında konumlandırılmıştır. Ayrıca komünizmin sosyal boyutunun Türk aile yapısını, İslami değerleri, miras ve mülkiyet hukukunu ortadan kaldırmayı hedefleyen bir ideoloji olduğu düşüncesi yaygınlaşmıştır. Dünyadaki anti-komünizm politikasının da etkisiyle anti-komünist söylem yoğunlaşmış ve bunun en şiddetli savunucuları muhafazakâr ve milliyetçi kesimler olmuştur. 1960-1965 yılları arasında muhafazakâr ve milliyetçi grupların çıkardığı dergilerde anti-komünizm sık sık değinilen konulardan birisi olmuştur. İncelenen dergilerden elde edilen bulgulara göre anti-komünizm yazılarının dört başlık altında yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar komünizmin Rusya ile olan bağını vurgulamak, iç politikada bir eleştiri unsuru olarak kullanmak, İslam dinine karşı olan tutumunu ön plana çıkarmak ile komünizm propagandasıyla başa çıkma yollarıdır. Çalışmada 1960-1965 yılları arasında yayımlanan on iki farklı muhafazakâr ve milliyetçi derginin çeşitli sayılarına ulaşılmış ve tespit edilen haberlerden konuya katkı yapacak altmış civarında yazı değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece ilgili yıllar arasında anti-komünist söylemin hangi bakış açısıyla ele alındığının tespiti amaçlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

ANTI-COMMUNISM IN TURKEY ACCORDING TO CONSERVATIVE AND NATIONALIST JOURNALS (1960-1965)

Yazarlar:

Engin Çağdaş Bulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk Siyasi Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 48, pp.355-388

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324153

pISSN:

1300-0756

Ideology

Anti-Communism

Nationalist Journals

Conservative Journalsİdeoloji

Anti-Komünizm

Milliyetçi Dergiler

Muhafazakâr Dergiler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Engin Çağdaş Bulut

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk Siyasi Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi: Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 48, pp.355-388

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001324153

pISSN: 1300-0756

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Engin Çağdaş Bulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk Siyasi Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 48, pp.355-388

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001324153

pISSN:

1300-0756