Saliqa in Classical Arabic During the Jahiliyyah Era

Omar Adeeb Shaker Jnaidi

Makale detayları

Saliqa in Classical Arabic During the Jahiliyyah Era

Yazarlar:

Omar Adeeb Shaker Jnaidi

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Dil Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 42, pp.271-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289645

pISSN:

1307-5020

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Saliqa is an Arabic term that meansinherence and is used often among learners of the Arabic language, who will say,He speaks Arabic by saliqa.The prevailing belief about the concept of saliqa in the classical Arabic language involves proficient usage and natural production of the classical Arabic language where speakers do not understand the characteristics of their speeches. Arabs still spoke Arabic by saliqa during the Jahiliyyah pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras. Long ago, the Arabic tongue was pure and had no place for defects or linguistic mistakes; Arabs spoke their language correctly without knowing any of the rules that would be developed later to guide pronunciation. Those rules would be used once Islam spread and Arabs mixed with other nations by those who were not fluent in Arabic in order to correct their tongue, and this led to the spread of errors and distortions in the language. By examining the Arabic concept of saliqa and its use by ancient and modern Arab speakers, some questions emerge that need answers and many clarifications. What is saliqa? Is it a mysterious or magical matter confined to the Arab race, and if not, how does it occur? Can saliqa be gained by learning grammar rules and practicing? What is the evidence for the existence of saliqa? What is the reason for its corruption? Does a saliqi someone who speaks Arabic by inherence make mistakes? Does the ancient and modern linguistic conceptualization of saliqa apply to dialects or just to the classical language? In other words, does an Arabs saliqa occur in regard to classical Arabic or to the local dialect used in ones daily life with family and the society in which one lives? Was classical Arabic the only language for all Arabs in the time of classical Arabic when the Quran was revealed, after which grammarians set rules for it? Or if not and the Arabic language was a group of dialects, then was linguistic saliqa also a group of saliqas? These questions and inquiries arose in my mind while working on this issue. I hope to succeed in answering them in this research.

 Saliqa is an Arabic term that meansinherence and is used often among learners of the Arabic language, who will say,He speaks Arabic by saliqa.The prevailing belief about the concept of saliqa in the classical Arabic language involves proficient usage and natural production of the classical Arabic language where speakers do not understand the characteristics of their speeches. Arabs still spoke Arabic by saliqa during the Jahiliyyah pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras. Long ago, the Arabic tongue was pure and had no place for defects or linguistic mistakes; Arabs spoke their language correctly without knowing any of the rules that would be developed later to guide pronunciation. Those rules would be used once Islam spread and Arabs mixed with other nations by those who were not fluent in Arabic in order to correct their tongue, and this led to the spread of errors and distortions in the language. By examining the Arabic concept of saliqa and its use by ancient and modern Arab speakers, some questions emerge that need answers and many clarifications. What is saliqa? Is it a mysterious or magical matter confined to the Arab race, and if not, how does it occur? Can saliqa be gained by learning grammar rules and practicing? What is the evidence for the existence of saliqa? What is the reason for its corruption? Does a saliqi someone who speaks Arabic by inherence make mistakes? Does the ancient and modern linguistic conceptualization of saliqa apply to dialects or just to the classical language? In other words, does an Arabs saliqa occur in regard to classical Arabic or to the local dialect used in ones daily life with family and the society in which one lives? Was classical Arabic the only language for all Arabs in the time of classical Arabic when the Quran was revealed, after which grammarians set rules for it? Or if not and the Arabic language was a group of dialects, then was linguistic saliqa also a group of saliqas? These questions and inquiries arose in my mind while working on this issue. I hope to succeed in answering them in this research.

 Saliqa is an Arabic term that meansinherence and is used often among learners of the Arabic language, who will say,He speaks Arabic by saliqa.The prevailing belief about the concept of saliqa in the classical Arabic language involves proficient usage and natural production of the classical Arabic language where speakers do not understand the characteristics of their speeches. Arabs still spoke Arabic by saliqa during the Jahiliyyah pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras. Long ago, the Arabic tongue was pure and had no place for defects or linguistic mistakes; Arabs spoke their language correctly without knowing any of the rules that would be developed later to guide pronunciation. Those rules would be used once Islam spread and Arabs mixed with other nations by those who were not fluent in Arabic in order to correct their tongue, and this led to the spread of errors and distortions in the language. By examining the Arabic concept of saliqa and its use by ancient and modern Arab speakers, some questions emerge that need answers and many clarifications. What is saliqa? Is it a mysterious or magical matter confined to the Arab race, and if not, how does it occur? Can saliqa be gained by learning grammar rules and practicing? What is the evidence for the existence of saliqa? What is the reason for its corruption? Does a saliqi someone who speaks Arabic by inherence make mistakes? Does the ancient and modern linguistic conceptualization of saliqa apply to dialects or just to the classical language? In other words, does an Arabs saliqa occur in regard to classical Arabic or to the local dialect used in ones daily life with family and the society in which one lives? Was classical Arabic the only language for all Arabs in the time of classical Arabic when the Quran was revealed, after which grammarians set rules for it? Or if not and the Arabic language was a group of dialects, then was linguistic saliqa also a group of saliqas? These questions and inquiries arose in my mind while working on this issue. I hope to succeed in answering them in this research.

 Salika terimi, Arap dili araştırmacılarının dillerinde çokça dolaşır ve denilir ki: O Arapçayı salikadan konuşur. Klasik Arap dilinde salika kavramı hakkında hâkim olan inanç, klasik Arap dilini kullanma ve onu doğal olarak, konuşmacının konuşmasının özelliklerini hissetmeden üretme yeteneğidir. Araplar, hem İslamiyetten önceki hem de sonraki dönemde Arapçayı kendilerine özgü üslupları ve salikalarıyla konuşmuşlardır. O zamanlar Arap lisanı özdü, ona kusur ve galatlar bulaşmamıştı. Araplar, ileriki dönemde telaffuzu düzgünleştirmek için geliştirilen kuralları bilmeden dilini doğru konuşurdu. O kurallara, İslamiyet yayılıp Araplar diğer milletlere karıştıktan sonra dillerini doğrultmak isteyen fasih olmayanlar sığınırdı. Bu yüzden lisana hata ve galat bulaştı. Arapça salikat kavramının eski ve modern dil âlimleri tarafından kullanımına bakıldığında, birçok cevap ve açıklama gerektiren bazı sorular ortaya çıkar: Salika nedir? Arap ırkına has gizemli ve büyülü bir mesele midir? Eğer öyle değilse nasıl ortaya çıkmıştır? Dilbilgisi kurallarını öğrenerek ve pratik yaparak mı kazanılır? Varlığının kanıtı nedir? Bozulmasının sebebi nedir? Salika sahibi hata yapar mı? Luğavi salika, eski ve modern âlimlere göre lehçelere mi yoksa fasih dile mi uygulanır? Başka bir deyişle Arapın salikası, fasih Arapçada mıydı yoksa günlük hayatında, ailesi ve içinde yaşadığı toplumda kullandığı yerel lehçede miydi? Fasih Arapça, Kurânın indiği ve nahiv âlimlerinin baz aldığı fasih Arapça döneminde Arapların tek salikası mıydı? Öyle değilse ve Arapça o zamanlar bir lehçeler grubu ise luğavî salika da bir salikalar grubu muydu? Söz konusu bu makalede de bu tür sorulara cevap vermeye çalışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Saliqa in Classical Arabic During the Jahiliyyah Era

Yazarlar:

Omar Adeeb Shaker Jnaidi

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Dil Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 42, pp.271-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289645

pISSN:

1307-5020

Saliqa

language acquisition

ancient Arabic linguists

classical language

dialectsSalika

Dilin kazanılması

Eski Arap Dilbilimcileri

Fasih Arapça

Lehçeler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Omar Adeeb Shaker Jnaidi

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Dil Çalışmaları

Dergi: Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 42, pp.271-292

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2023

Belge Dili: Arapça

Document ID (Org No.): 2001289645

pISSN: 1307-5020

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Omar Adeeb Shaker Jnaidi

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Dil Çalışmaları

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 42, pp.271-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001289645

pISSN:

1307-5020