An Evaluation of Mu‘tazila in Terms of Social Theology: The Example of Vâsıl b. Atâ

Saadet Altay

Makale detayları

An Evaluation of Mu‘tazila in Terms of Social Theology: The Example of Vâsıl b. Atâ

Yazarlar:

Saadet Altay

Yayıncı:

Siirt University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Marifetname Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.421-445

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336439

pISSN:

2757-752X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 What is written about the history of Islamic thought is often shaped by the biased and misleading information that historical interpretation conveys to us, rather than historical and social realities. Evaluations made without taking into account historical and social realities and general rules of sociology and economics could not produce a correct result, since they were far from being scientific. Approaches that evaluate the thoughts of sects, especially in the form of faith, sometimes marginalize these thoughts in order to reject and falsify them, instead of correctly understanding them. Kalam offers a perspective that takes into account the social problems intertwined with life and produces solutions in this regard. Kalam, which has continued its existence for a long time, which has been almost completely stuck in theory throughout the historical process. Within the modern period, new problems and new discussion areas have emerged, alongside a call for new methodology. Muslim thinkers have put forward some opinions regarding the development of a new methodology in Kalam. A new methodology was expressed, and concepts such as New Science of Kalam and Social Kalam were put forward in order for the science of Kalam to regain its original identity. We can say that Kalam was shaped according to the social and political aspects that was intertwined with life, and the solutions were produced by taking into consideration the reality of the society. In this sense, although the naming is not this way, it is possible to say that the application corresponds to Social Kalam. Wasil b. Ata We aimed to show that, in the case of Ata, the five basic principles of Mutazila were actually created with a perspective that can be described as Social Kalam.

 What is written about the history of Islamic thought is often shaped by the biased and misleading information that historical interpretation conveys to us, rather than historical and social realities. Evaluations made without taking into account historical and social realities and general rules of sociology and economics could not produce a correct result, since they were far from being scientific. Approaches that evaluate the thoughts of sects, especially in the form of faith, sometimes marginalize these thoughts in order to reject and falsify them, instead of correctly understanding them. Kalam offers a perspective that takes into account the social problems intertwined with life and produces solutions in this regard. Kalam, which has continued its existence for a long time, which has been almost completely stuck in theory throughout the historical process. Within the modern period, new problems and new discussion areas have emerged, alongside a call for new methodology. Muslim thinkers have put forward some opinions regarding the development of a new methodology in Kalam. A new methodology was expressed, and concepts such as New Science of Kalam and Social Kalam were put forward in order for the science of Kalam to regain its original identity. We can say that Kalam was shaped according to the social and political aspects that was intertwined with life, and the solutions were produced by taking into consideration the reality of the society. In this sense, although the naming is not this way, it is possible to say that the application corresponds to Social Kalam. Wasil b. Ata We aimed to show that, in the case of Ata, the five basic principles of Mutazila were actually created with a perspective that can be described as Social Kalam.

 What is written about the history of Islamic thought is often shaped by the biased and misleading information that historical interpretation conveys to us, rather than historical and social realities. Evaluations made without taking into account historical and social realities and general rules of sociology and economics could not produce a correct result, since they were far from being scientific. Approaches that evaluate the thoughts of sects, especially in the form of faith, sometimes marginalize these thoughts in order to reject and falsify them, instead of correctly understanding them. Kalam offers a perspective that takes into account the social problems intertwined with life and produces solutions in this regard. Kalam, which has continued its existence for a long time, which has been almost completely stuck in theory throughout the historical process. Within the modern period, new problems and new discussion areas have emerged, alongside a call for new methodology. Muslim thinkers have put forward some opinions regarding the development of a new methodology in Kalam. A new methodology was expressed, and concepts such as New Science of Kalam and Social Kalam were put forward in order for the science of Kalam to regain its original identity. We can say that Kalam was shaped according to the social and political aspects that was intertwined with life, and the solutions were produced by taking into consideration the reality of the society. In this sense, although the naming is not this way, it is possible to say that the application corresponds to Social Kalam. Wasil b. Ata We aimed to show that, in the case of Ata, the five basic principles of Mutazila were actually created with a perspective that can be described as Social Kalam.

 İslâm düşünce tarihine dair yazılanlar, çoğu zaman tarihsel ve toplumsal gerçekliklerden ziyade, tarihin bize aktardıkları yanlı ve yanıltıcı bilgiler üzerinden şekillenmektedir. Doğal olarak tarihsel ve toplumsal gerçekliklerle birlikte sosyolojinin ve hatta iktisadın genel geçer kuralları dikkate alınmaksızın yapılan değerlendirmeler, ilmî olmaktan uzak olduğu için doğru bir sonuç ve ona uygun bir etki de yaratamamıştır. Özellikle inanç formuna büründürülerek mezheplerin düşüncelerini değerlendiren yaklaşımlar, mensubu olduğu ve zaman zaman da ötekileştirdiği diğer mezhep mensuplarının düşüncelerini doğru bir şekilde anlama yerine, onu reddetmek üzere ve yanlışlamak amacıyla okumaktadır. Eşarî sonrası ve Eşarîlik sistemi içinde biçimlenmiş kelâmî yaklaşım, Mutezileye reddiye olarak ifade edilebilecek bir temelde konumlanmıştır. Doğal olarak olgudan ziyade, Ehl-i hadîs olarak nitelendirilebilecek ve bütün sorunların cevaplarının, tarihin belli bir dönemine ait değerlendirmeler üzerinden bulmaya çalışan bir yapı biçiminde şekillenmiştir. Dinamik olan toplumun, her döneme ait sorunlarının da dinamik bir yapı oluşturduğu muhakkaktır. Kelâm ilminin teşekkül sürecine bakıldığında toplumsal sorunları göz önünde bulunduran ve çözüm önerilerini bu minvalde üreten bir bakış mevcuttur. Uzun süre varlığını böyle devam ettiren kelâm ilmi, tarihsel süreç içerisinde neredeyse tamamen teoriye sıkışan bir disiplin haline gelmiştir. Modern dönem ile birlikte yeni sorunlar, yeni tartışma alanları hâsıl olmuş ve yeni bir bilgi yöntemi ve metodu ile tartışmalar yapılmıştır. Kelâm ilminin de yeniden asli hüviyetine kavuşabilmesi adına yeni bir yöntem ve metodun geliştirilmesi gerekliliği dile getirilmiş ve Yeni ilm-i kelâm, sosyal kelâm gibi kavramlar ortaya atılmıştır. İlk çıkış sürecinde kelâmın hayat ile iç içe olduğu, sosyal ve siyasal olana göre şekillendiği, çözümlerin de toplumun gerçekliği göz önünde bulundurularak üretildiğini söyleyebiliriz. Bu anlamda her ne kadar isimlendirme bu şekilde olmasa da uygulamanın sosyal kelâma denk gelecek biçimde olduğunu ifade edebiliriz. Vâsıl b. Atâ özelinde Mutezilenin temel beş temel ilkesinin aslında sosyal kelâm olarak nitelenebilecek bir perspektifle oluşturulduğunu göstermeyi hedefledik.

Makale detayları

An Evaluation of Mu‘tazila in Terms of Social Theology: The Example of Vâsıl b. Atâ

Yazarlar:

Saadet Altay

Yayıncı:

Siirt University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Marifetname Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.421-445

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336439

pISSN:

2757-752X

Kalam

Social Kalam

Mu

Vâsıl b. Ata

Usûl-i Hamse.Kelâm

Sosyal Kelâm

Mu‘tezile

Vâsıl b. Atâ

Usûl-i Hamse.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Saadet Altay

Yayıncı: Siirt University

Ana Başlıklar: Kelam

Dergi: Marifetname Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.421-445

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001336439

pISSN: 2757-752X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Saadet Altay

Yayıncı:

Siirt University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Marifetname Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.421-445

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001336439

pISSN:

2757-752X