The Problem of al-Jam’ wa al-Tafrīq in Books relating to the Sahaba

Hamza Elbekrı

Makale detayları

The Problem of al-Jam’ wa al-Tafrīq in Books relating to the Sahaba

Yazarlar:

Hamza Elbekrı

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.34 Issue 2, pp.337-358

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311318

pISSN:

2651-5083

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq combining and differentiating first became apparent early on, with the very beginning of the genre of rijāl al-hadith, being the study of hadith narrators. Within chains of hadith narrations, one finds many narrators who share the same name. More specifically, two narrators may have the same first name and fathers name, first name and family name, first name and kunya honorific, or the like. This problem appeared so frequently that scholars whove tackled it over the years first dedicated specific terminology to this, al-muttafiq wa al-muftariq the alike and the unalike, and then built a whole sub-genre dedicated to this under the broader field of hadith studies. Just as this issue appears in all books dedicated to the study of hadith narrators, it also is a frequent question in books more narrowly focused on the biographies of the Sahaba, the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. This study aims to give careful consideration to this issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq in books dedicated to the Sahaba specifically. It uncovers the perceptiveness of the authors of this genre and the particular attention they paid to solving this matter, both in theory and in practice. This study further aims to identify their tendencies toward either narrowing or expanding, such as whether they tended to consider narrators with shared names as a single individual or as separate individuals, and to evaluate the efficacy of their approaches toward resolving this issue. The article begins with Ibn Manda and Abu Nuaym, moves on to Ibn Abd al-Barr, and ends with Ibn al-Athīr and Ibn Hajar. Beyond tracing the history of this issue and its development through books dedicated to the Sahaba, this paper will identify the various ways these authors addressed companions with shared names and will evaluate the effectiveness of their perspectives. The article then ends by offering critical suggestions to refine the methodology currently used when approaching this issue.

 The issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq combining and differentiating first became apparent early on, with the very beginning of the genre of rijāl al-hadith, being the study of hadith narrators. Within chains of hadith narrations, one finds many narrators who share the same name. More specifically, two narrators may have the same first name and fathers name, first name and family name, first name and kunya honorific, or the like. This problem appeared so frequently that scholars whove tackled it over the years first dedicated specific terminology to this, al-muttafiq wa al-muftariq the alike and the unalike, and then built a whole sub-genre dedicated to this under the broader field of hadith studies. Just as this issue appears in all books dedicated to the study of hadith narrators, it also is a frequent question in books more narrowly focused on the biographies of the Sahaba, the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. This study aims to give careful consideration to this issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq in books dedicated to the Sahaba specifically. It uncovers the perceptiveness of the authors of this genre and the particular attention they paid to solving this matter, both in theory and in practice. This study further aims to identify their tendencies toward either narrowing or expanding, such as whether they tended to consider narrators with shared names as a single individual or as separate individuals, and to evaluate the efficacy of their approaches toward resolving this issue. The article begins with Ibn Manda and Abu Nuaym, moves on to Ibn Abd al-Barr, and ends with Ibn al-Athīr and Ibn Hajar. Beyond tracing the history of this issue and its development through books dedicated to the Sahaba, this paper will identify the various ways these authors addressed companions with shared names and will evaluate the effectiveness of their perspectives. The article then ends by offering critical suggestions to refine the methodology currently used when approaching this issue.

 The issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq combining and differentiating first became apparent early on, with the very beginning of the genre of rijāl al-hadith, being the study of hadith narrators. Within chains of hadith narrations, one finds many narrators who share the same name. More specifically, two narrators may have the same first name and fathers name, first name and family name, first name and kunya honorific, or the like. This problem appeared so frequently that scholars whove tackled it over the years first dedicated specific terminology to this, al-muttafiq wa al-muftariq the alike and the unalike, and then built a whole sub-genre dedicated to this under the broader field of hadith studies. Just as this issue appears in all books dedicated to the study of hadith narrators, it also is a frequent question in books more narrowly focused on the biographies of the Sahaba, the companions of the Prophet Muhammad. This study aims to give careful consideration to this issue of al-jam wa al-tafrīq in books dedicated to the Sahaba specifically. It uncovers the perceptiveness of the authors of this genre and the particular attention they paid to solving this matter, both in theory and in practice. This study further aims to identify their tendencies toward either narrowing or expanding, such as whether they tended to consider narrators with shared names as a single individual or as separate individuals, and to evaluate the efficacy of their approaches toward resolving this issue. The article begins with Ibn Manda and Abu Nuaym, moves on to Ibn Abd al-Barr, and ends with Ibn al-Athīr and Ibn Hajar. Beyond tracing the history of this issue and its development through books dedicated to the Sahaba, this paper will identify the various ways these authors addressed companions with shared names and will evaluate the effectiveness of their perspectives. The article then ends by offering critical suggestions to refine the methodology currently used when approaching this issue.

 Hadis ravilerinin aynı isimleri taşıyıp bunların birbirleriyle karıştırılması problemi, hadis rical ilminde tasnifin başlangıcıyla birlikte erken dönemde ortaya çıkmıştır. Öyle ki bazı isnat zincirlerinde hem kendi isimlerinin hem de babalarının isimlerinin veya isimleriyle birlikte nispet ve künye gibi hususların aynı olduğu raviler bulunmaktadır. Bu ravilerin tek bir kişi mi cem veya farklı kişiler mi olduğunun tefrik tespitinin nasıl olacağı sorusu hadisçilerin zihinlerini kurcalamaya başlamıştır. Bu sorun hadisçilerin zihinlerini öylesine meşgul etmiştir ki kendileri bu problemin çözümü için hadis ilminde yeni bir disiplin oluşturmuşlardır. Müttefik ve müfterik diye adlandırdıkları bu disiplinde birçok eser kaleme almışlardır. Bu disiplinle bağlantılı olan alanlardan birisi de sahabe literatürüdür. Diğer rical kitaplarında olduğu gibi bahsedilen problem burada da gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışma özellikle sahabe bilgisine dair marifetüs-sahâbe eserlerdeki cem ve tefrik problemine mercek tutarak yazarların bu meseleden ne ölçüde haberdar olduklarını ve söz konusu meseleyi uygulamalı ve teorik olarak çözmeye ne kadar ilgi duyduklarını ele alacaktır. Ayrıca bu alanda eser veren yazarların sert veya yumuşak tutumlu yaklaşımlarını anlamlandırmak ve bu meseleyi çözmedeki metotlarını değerlendirmek de araştırmanın inceleyeceği bir diğer husustur. Yapılacak olan değerlendirme İbn Mende ve Ebû Nuaymla başlayıp İbn Abdilberle devam edecek, İbnül-Esîr ve İbn Hacerle de son bulacaktır. Araştırmanın amacı, mezkûr problemin tarihini ve sahabe literatürü kitaplarındaki gelişimini göstermek, sahabe literatürü yazarlarının o konudaki yaklaşımlarını belirlemek ve bu problemi çözmedeki yöntemlerini değerlendirmektir. Buna binaen söz konusu problemin çözümünde izlenmesi gereken yöntemin sistemleştirilmesine dair bazı önemli teklifler sunulacaktır.

Makale detayları

The Problem of al-Jam’ wa al-Tafrīq in Books relating to the Sahaba

Yazarlar:

Hamza Elbekrı

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.34 Issue 2, pp.337-358

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311318

pISSN:

2651-5083

Narrators of hadith

Reporters

Sahaba

Al-jam’ wa al-jafrīq

Al-muttafiq wa al-muftariqHadis Ricali

Raviler

Sahabe

Cem’ ve Tefrik

Müttefik ve Müfterik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hamza Elbekrı

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.34 Issue 2, pp.337-358

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Arapça

Document ID (Org No.): 2001311318

pISSN: 2651-5083

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hamza Elbekrı

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.34 Issue 2, pp.337-358

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311318

pISSN:

2651-5083