The Purification and Beautification of the Heart in Sûfîsm: The Example of Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī’s "Know Your Heart" Qasīda

Mehmet Saki Çakır

Makale detayları

The Purification and Beautification of the Heart in Sûfîsm: The Example of Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī’s "Know Your Heart" Qasīda

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Saki Çakır

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Külliye Vol.6 Issue 1, pp.121-135

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343517

pISSN:

2717-7351

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Sufis focus on the heart, striving to purify it from spiritual ailments through the states it experiences. Additionally, they place special emphasis on adorning the heart with virtuous qualities and provide various recommendations on this matter. One of the late-period sufis who offered significant advice to his disciples about the heart is Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī. A prominent figure among the Naqshbandī-Khālidī sufis of the 19th century, Firsāfī lived in Siirt and was known by the title Sheikh Ḥazīn. In his Dīwān, particularly in the qasīda Know Your Heart! he highlights the importance of the heart by addressing its conditions and its vital role in human life. Sheikh Ḥazīn describes the heart as the dome of the body, Arsh al-Rahman and Arsh al-Akbar. At the beginning of the qasīda, he emphasizes that spiritual progress begins with knowing the realm of the heart by stating, Know your heart! He then points to the first station of sufism with the exhortation, Repent! Through the advice Cleanse the heart from Satans whispers! he addresses the purification of the heart, and with the phrase Engrave Allahs name in your heart! he underlines the significance of adorning the heart with divine remembrance.

 Sufis focus on the heart, striving to purify it from spiritual ailments through the states it experiences. Additionally, they place special emphasis on adorning the heart with virtuous qualities and provide various recommendations on this matter. One of the late-period sufis who offered significant advice to his disciples about the heart is Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī. A prominent figure among the Naqshbandī-Khālidī sufis of the 19th century, Firsāfī lived in Siirt and was known by the title Sheikh Ḥazīn. In his Dīwān, particularly in the qasīda Know Your Heart! he highlights the importance of the heart by addressing its conditions and its vital role in human life. Sheikh Ḥazīn describes the heart as the dome of the body, Arsh al-Rahman and Arsh al-Akbar. At the beginning of the qasīda, he emphasizes that spiritual progress begins with knowing the realm of the heart by stating, Know your heart! He then points to the first station of sufism with the exhortation, Repent! Through the advice Cleanse the heart from Satans whispers! he addresses the purification of the heart, and with the phrase Engrave Allahs name in your heart! he underlines the significance of adorning the heart with divine remembrance.

 Sufis focus on the heart, striving to purify it from spiritual ailments through the states it experiences. Additionally, they place special emphasis on adorning the heart with virtuous qualities and provide various recommendations on this matter. One of the late-period sufis who offered significant advice to his disciples about the heart is Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī. A prominent figure among the Naqshbandī-Khālidī sufis of the 19th century, Firsāfī lived in Siirt and was known by the title Sheikh Ḥazīn. In his Dīwān, particularly in the qasīda Know Your Heart! he highlights the importance of the heart by addressing its conditions and its vital role in human life. Sheikh Ḥazīn describes the heart as the dome of the body, Arsh al-Rahman and Arsh al-Akbar. At the beginning of the qasīda, he emphasizes that spiritual progress begins with knowing the realm of the heart by stating, Know your heart! He then points to the first station of sufism with the exhortation, Repent! Through the advice Cleanse the heart from Satans whispers! he addresses the purification of the heart, and with the phrase Engrave Allahs name in your heart! he underlines the significance of adorning the heart with divine remembrance.

 Sûfîler, seyr u sülûk mertebelerinde ilerlerken kalbin saflığına ihtimam gösterirler. Zira Hz. Peygamberin buyurduğu üzere, kalp, insan bedeninin salahiyeti için bir kontrol merkezidir. Bu sebeple sûfîler, kalbe odaklanarak onun yaşadığı haller aracılığıyla, manevî hastalıklardan arındırılmasına gayret ederler. Aynı zamanda, kalbin güzel huylarla bezenmesine de özel bir dikkat gösterir ve bu hususta çeşitli tavsiyelerde bulunurlar. Kalbe dair müritlerine tavsiyelerde bulunan son dönem sûfîlerden biri de Şeyh Muhammed Firsâfîdir. XIX. yüzyılın Nakşî-Hâlidî sûfîlerinden olan Firsâfî, Siirtte yaşamış ve Şeyh-i Hazîn lakabıyla tanınmıştır. Firsâfî, Dîvânında yer alan Kalbini Tanı! kasidesinde, kalbin hallerine temas ederek onun insan hayatındaki önemini vurgulamıştır. Şeyh-i Hazîn, kalbi cismin kubbesi, arş-ı Rahmân ve arş-ı ekber ifadeleriyle tanımlar. Şiirlerinde, kalbin manevi hastalıklardan arındırılmasını tasfiye ve güzel huylarla süslenmesini tehallî ele alır. Kasidenin başlangıcında, Kalbini tanı! ifadesiyle manevi ilerlemenin, kalp âlemini tanımakla başladığını belirtir. Ardından, Tevbe et! diyerek tasavvufun ilk makamına işaret eder. Kalbi şeytanın vesveselerinden temizle! öğüdüyle kalbin tasfiyesine; Allahın ismini kalbinde nakşet! ifadesiyle ise tehallîye dikkat çeker. Ona göre, kalp Allaha itaat ettiğinde bütün beden ona tabi olur. Bu özellikteki bir kalp, nazargâh-ı ilâhî olduğundan keşif ve ilhama müyesser olur. Şeyh-i Hazîne göre, kalbin tasfiye ve tehallîsi, bu hususta mahir olan bir mürşid-i kâmil rehberliğinde gerçekleşmelidir.

Makale detayları

The Purification and Beautification of the Heart in Sûfîsm: The Example of Sheikh Muhammad Firsāfī’s "Know Your Heart" Qasīda

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Saki Çakır

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Külliye Vol.6 Issue 1, pp.121-135

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343517

pISSN:

2717-7351

Sufism

Heart

Purification (tasfiya)

adornment of the heart (Tahallī)

Sheikh Muhammad Firsafī.Tasavvuf

Kalb

Tasfiye

Tehallî

Şeyh Muhammed Firsafî.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Saki Çakır

Yayıncı: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi: Külliye Vol.6 Issue 1, pp.121-135

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001343517

pISSN: 2717-7351

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Saki Çakır

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Külliye Vol.6 Issue 1, pp.121-135

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343517

pISSN:

2717-7351