Indoor air quality of academia-related workshops based on health complaints

Abdel Hameed A. Awad

Makale detayları

Indoor air quality of academia-related workshops based on health complaints

Yazarlar:

Abdel Hameed A. Awad

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Environmental Assessment and Monitoring

Dergi:

Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.26 Issue 2, pp.156-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360334

pISSN:

2528-9691

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Indoor Air Quality IAQ is a result of the interaction between micro-environmental conditions, location, and building characteristics. IAQ directly affects human health, comfort, productivity, and performance. However, very little attention has been paid to the IAQ of nonindustrial workshops. This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the IAQ of academia-related workshops based on the factors such as the microbial load including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, particulate matter PM content, presence of chemical pollutants such as ammonia NH3, volatile organic compounds VOCs, and formaldehyde HCHO, and physical conditions such as temperature TC, relative humidity RH, light intensity, noise, dewpoint and air speed. Moreover, the perception weights of IAQ factors affecting the indoor comfort condition were also examined. A two-stage viable, Andersen cascade impactor, was used by suctioning air onto the selective culture media. The PM content was determined by using a preweighted membrane filter. Portable air quality monitors were used to estimate the chemical and physical factors. A questionnaire survey was employed to assess the health complaints and the participants perception weights on the indoor environmental parameters such as thermal, acoustic, visual environment, and air quality. The concentrations of mesophilic bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were found to be higher indoors than outdoors, with indooroutdoor IO values of 3.13, 1.56, and 1.53, respectively. The Global Index of Microbial Contaminationm3 exceeded 7,000 colony forming unitsm3 in approximately 46 of the workshop areas. The IO ratios of PM, VOCs, HCHO, and NH3 were 1.69, 1.52, 0.65, and 0.6, respectively. TC and RH values ranged 1835C and 4056, respectively. Noise values exceeded 70 dBA in both the indoor and outdoor environments. Light intensity was also unacceptable  300 lux at 84.6 of the workshop areas. VOCs and dewpoint revealed significant positive and negative effects on microbial viability, differing with regard to the microbial type. Fatigue 45.5, allergies 38.6, and headache 35.2 were the common complaints of the occupants. All of the tested IAQ parameters influenced the workplace environment, with noise ranking as the main factor 40.9. Microbial air quality is differently associated with the indoor environmental factors. The IAQ in the workshops was poor and potentially affected the occupants well-being. The perception of comfort varied among the occupants under the same IAQ factors. Thus, corrective actions based on comparative analysis should be implemented to promote the indoor quality of even nonindustrial and academia-related workplaces.

 Indoor Air Quality IAQ is a result of the interaction between micro-environmental conditions, location, and building characteristics. IAQ directly affects human health, comfort, productivity, and performance. However, very little attention has been paid to the IAQ of nonindustrial workshops. This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the IAQ of academia-related workshops based on the factors such as the microbial load including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, particulate matter PM content, presence of chemical pollutants such as ammonia NH3, volatile organic compounds VOCs, and formaldehyde HCHO, and physical conditions such as temperature TC, relative humidity RH, light intensity, noise, dewpoint and air speed. Moreover, the perception weights of IAQ factors affecting the indoor comfort condition were also examined. A two-stage viable, Andersen cascade impactor, was used by suctioning air onto the selective culture media. The PM content was determined by using a preweighted membrane filter. Portable air quality monitors were used to estimate the chemical and physical factors. A questionnaire survey was employed to assess the health complaints and the participants perception weights on the indoor environmental parameters such as thermal, acoustic, visual environment, and air quality. The concentrations of mesophilic bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were found to be higher indoors than outdoors, with indooroutdoor IO values of 3.13, 1.56, and 1.53, respectively. The Global Index of Microbial Contaminationm3 exceeded 7,000 colony forming unitsm3 in approximately 46 of the workshop areas. The IO ratios of PM, VOCs, HCHO, and NH3 were 1.69, 1.52, 0.65, and 0.6, respectively. TC and RH values ranged 1835C and 4056, respectively. Noise values exceeded 70 dBA in both the indoor and outdoor environments. Light intensity was also unacceptable  300 lux at 84.6 of the workshop areas. VOCs and dewpoint revealed significant positive and negative effects on microbial viability, differing with regard to the microbial type. Fatigue 45.5, allergies 38.6, and headache 35.2 were the common complaints of the occupants. All of the tested IAQ parameters influenced the workplace environment, with noise ranking as the main factor 40.9. Microbial air quality is differently associated with the indoor environmental factors. The IAQ in the workshops was poor and potentially affected the occupants well-being. The perception of comfort varied among the occupants under the same IAQ factors. Thus, corrective actions based on comparative analysis should be implemented to promote the indoor quality of even nonindustrial and academia-related workplaces.

 Indoor Air Quality IAQ is a result of the interaction between micro-environmental conditions, location, and building characteristics. IAQ directly affects human health, comfort, productivity, and performance. However, very little attention has been paid to the IAQ of nonindustrial workshops. This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the IAQ of academia-related workshops based on the factors such as the microbial load including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes, particulate matter PM content, presence of chemical pollutants such as ammonia NH3, volatile organic compounds VOCs, and formaldehyde HCHO, and physical conditions such as temperature TC, relative humidity RH, light intensity, noise, dewpoint and air speed. Moreover, the perception weights of IAQ factors affecting the indoor comfort condition were also examined. A two-stage viable, Andersen cascade impactor, was used by suctioning air onto the selective culture media. The PM content was determined by using a preweighted membrane filter. Portable air quality monitors were used to estimate the chemical and physical factors. A questionnaire survey was employed to assess the health complaints and the participants perception weights on the indoor environmental parameters such as thermal, acoustic, visual environment, and air quality. The concentrations of mesophilic bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were found to be higher indoors than outdoors, with indooroutdoor IO values of 3.13, 1.56, and 1.53, respectively. The Global Index of Microbial Contaminationm3 exceeded 7,000 colony forming unitsm3 in approximately 46 of the workshop areas. The IO ratios of PM, VOCs, HCHO, and NH3 were 1.69, 1.52, 0.65, and 0.6, respectively. TC and RH values ranged 1835C and 4056, respectively. Noise values exceeded 70 dBA in both the indoor and outdoor environments. Light intensity was also unacceptable  300 lux at 84.6 of the workshop areas. VOCs and dewpoint revealed significant positive and negative effects on microbial viability, differing with regard to the microbial type. Fatigue 45.5, allergies 38.6, and headache 35.2 were the common complaints of the occupants. All of the tested IAQ parameters influenced the workplace environment, with noise ranking as the main factor 40.9. Microbial air quality is differently associated with the indoor environmental factors. The IAQ in the workshops was poor and potentially affected the occupants well-being. The perception of comfort varied among the occupants under the same IAQ factors. Thus, corrective actions based on comparative analysis should be implemented to promote the indoor quality of even nonindustrial and academia-related workplaces.

 İç Hava Kalitesi IAQ, mikro çevre koşulları, konum ve bina özellikleri arasındaki etkileşimin bir sonucu olup, insan performansını ve sağlığını etkiler. Endüstriyel olmayan atölyelerin IAQ çok az dikkat edilmiştir. IAQ, insan sağlığını, konforunu ve üretkenliğini doğrudan etkiler. Akademi ile ilgili atölyelerde IAQ faktörlerini belirlemek için kesitsel bir araştırma yapılmıştır. IAQ faktörleri mikrobiyal bakteriler, mantarlar ve aktinomisetler, partikül madde PM, kimyasal amonyak NH3, uçucu organik bileşikler VOC ve formaldehit HCHO ve fiziksel sıcaklık TC, bağıl nem RH, ışık yoğunluğu, gürültü, çiğlenme noktası ve hava hızı düzeyleri açısından incelenmiş ve iç mekan konforunu etkileyen IAQ faktörlerinin algılama ağırlıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Seçici kültür ortamlarına hava emerek iki aşamalı Andersen numune alıcı kullanılmıştır. PM, önceden tartılmış membran filtre kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Kimyasal ve fiziksel faktörleri ölçmek için taşınabilir hava kalitesi monitörleri kullanılmıştır. Sağlık şikayetlerini ve katılımcıların iç ortam parametrelerine termal, akustik, görsel ortam ve hava kalitesi ilişkin algı ağırlıklarını belirlemek için bir anket kullanılmıştır. İç mekanlarda dış mekanlara göre mezofilik bakteriler mantar ve aktinomisetlerin konsantrasyonlarının daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. İç mekandış mekan IO değerleri sırasıyla 3,13, 1,56 ve 1,53 olarak ölçülmüştür. Mikrobiyal Kontaminasyon Küresel Endeksi m3 atölyelerin yaklaşık 46sında 7000 koloni oluşturan birim m3yi aşmıştır. PM, VOCs, HCHO ve NH3ün IO oranları sırasıyla 1,69; 1,52; 0,65 ve 0,6 olarak ölçülmüştür. TC ve RH değerleri sırasıyla 18-35C ve 40-56 arasında değişmiştir. Gürültü değerleri iç ve dış ortamda 70 desibel dBA değerini aşmıştır. Işık yoğunluğu atölyelerin 84,6sında kabul edilemez düzeyde  300 lux idi. VOCler ve çiğlenme noktası, mikrobiyal canlılık üzerinde önemli pozitif ve negatif etkiler göstermiş, mikrobiyal türe göre farklılık göstermiştir. Yorgunluk 45,5, alerji 38,6 ve baş ağrısı 35,2 katılımcılar arasında en sık görülen sağlık şikayetleriydi. Tüm IAQ parametreleri işyeri ortamını etkilemiş olup, gürültü katılımcıların konforunu etkileyen ana faktör 40,9 olarak sıralanmıştır. Mikrobiyal hava kalitesi, iç ortam faktörleriyle farklı şekilde ilişkiliydi. Atölyelerde IAQ kötüydü ve katılımcıların refahını potansiyel olarak etkiledi. Aynı IAQ faktörleri altında katılımcılar arasında konfor algısı farklılık gösterdi. Karşılaştırmalı analiz yoluyla, işyerlerinin iç ortam kalitesini iyileştirmek için düzeltici önlemler alınmalıdır.

Makale detayları

Indoor air quality of academia-related workshops based on health complaints

Yazarlar:

Abdel Hameed A. Awad

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Environmental Assessment and Monitoring

Dergi:

Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.26 Issue 2, pp.156-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360334

pISSN:

2528-9691

indoor air quality

nonindustrial workshops

deposited dust

particulate morphology

microorganisms

VOCs

noise

lighting

health complaint

satisfaction

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Abdel Hameed A. Awad

Yayıncı: Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar: Environmental Assessment and Monitoring

Dergi: Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.26 Issue 2, pp.156-173

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001360334

pISSN: 2528-9691

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdel Hameed A. Awad

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Environmental Assessment and Monitoring

Dergi:

Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences Vol.26 Issue 2, pp.156-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360334

pISSN:

2528-9691