Evaluation of the Hadiths Included by Seyyid Abdulhakim Arvâsî in His Explanation of Sufi Concepts in His Work er-Riyad al-Tasavvufiyya

Ahmet Göktürk; Yusuf Açıkel

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Hadiths Included by Seyyid Abdulhakim Arvâsî in His Explanation of Sufi Concepts in His Work er-Riyad al-Tasavvufiyya

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Göktürk | Yusuf Açıkel

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 10, pp.17-38

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001352447

pISSN:

2980-2407

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Islam comprises both material and spiritual teachings. Following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, its principles became the subject of various Islamic sciences. Among these, ethical and spiritual teachings came to be studied within the discipline of Sufism. Although Sufism developed its own interpretive and methodological approaches, it consistently sought to remain grounded in the Quran and the Sunnah as primary sources of authentic knowledge. Abdülhakîm Arvâsî 18601943, a significant Sufi figure and scholar, was born in Başkale, Van. He studied religious and rational sciences under various teachers and later joined the Khalidiyya branch of the Naqshbandiyya order. Living during the final years of the Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish Republic, he provided religious instruction in various institutions, including mosques in Istanbul, after the closure of Sufi lodges. His influence has extended into the modern era through both his writings and the scholars he trained. This study investigates Arvâsîs work er-Riyazüt-Tasawwufiyya, written as a textbook during his years as a teacher. The book presents concise explanations of nearly seventy essential Sufi concepts, including wahdat al-wujud unity of existence, dhikr remembrance, muraqaba spiritual vigilance, rida contentment, and istiqama steadfastness. In particular, twelve core concepts are accompanied by hadith citations, although the sources and authenticity of these narrations are not provided. This reflects a common characteristic of Sufi literature, where hadiths are often transmitted without full chains of narration isnad, paraphrased in meaning, or validated through spiritual experience, such as inspiration or unveiling. Such methods, while prevalent in the Sufi tradition, differ from classical hadith scholarship, which emphasizes textual and chain-based authentication. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the authenticity of the hadiths cited in er-Riyāzüt-Tasawwufiyya. Primary hadith sources such as the Sahihayn, Sunan, and Musnads were consulted, along with classical takhrij and atraf works. In doing so, the study contributes to a better understanding of the intersection between Sufi literature and hadith science, and how scholars like Arvâsî integrated prophetic tradition into their spiritual frameworks.

 Islam comprises both material and spiritual teachings. Following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, its principles became the subject of various Islamic sciences. Among these, ethical and spiritual teachings came to be studied within the discipline of Sufism. Although Sufism developed its own interpretive and methodological approaches, it consistently sought to remain grounded in the Quran and the Sunnah as primary sources of authentic knowledge. Abdülhakîm Arvâsî 18601943, a significant Sufi figure and scholar, was born in Başkale, Van. He studied religious and rational sciences under various teachers and later joined the Khalidiyya branch of the Naqshbandiyya order. Living during the final years of the Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish Republic, he provided religious instruction in various institutions, including mosques in Istanbul, after the closure of Sufi lodges. His influence has extended into the modern era through both his writings and the scholars he trained. This study investigates Arvâsîs work er-Riyazüt-Tasawwufiyya, written as a textbook during his years as a teacher. The book presents concise explanations of nearly seventy essential Sufi concepts, including wahdat al-wujud unity of existence, dhikr remembrance, muraqaba spiritual vigilance, rida contentment, and istiqama steadfastness. In particular, twelve core concepts are accompanied by hadith citations, although the sources and authenticity of these narrations are not provided. This reflects a common characteristic of Sufi literature, where hadiths are often transmitted without full chains of narration isnad, paraphrased in meaning, or validated through spiritual experience, such as inspiration or unveiling. Such methods, while prevalent in the Sufi tradition, differ from classical hadith scholarship, which emphasizes textual and chain-based authentication. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the authenticity of the hadiths cited in er-Riyāzüt-Tasawwufiyya. Primary hadith sources such as the Sahihayn, Sunan, and Musnads were consulted, along with classical takhrij and atraf works. In doing so, the study contributes to a better understanding of the intersection between Sufi literature and hadith science, and how scholars like Arvâsî integrated prophetic tradition into their spiritual frameworks.

 Islam comprises both material and spiritual teachings. Following the death of the Prophet Muhammad, its principles became the subject of various Islamic sciences. Among these, ethical and spiritual teachings came to be studied within the discipline of Sufism. Although Sufism developed its own interpretive and methodological approaches, it consistently sought to remain grounded in the Quran and the Sunnah as primary sources of authentic knowledge. Abdülhakîm Arvâsî 18601943, a significant Sufi figure and scholar, was born in Başkale, Van. He studied religious and rational sciences under various teachers and later joined the Khalidiyya branch of the Naqshbandiyya order. Living during the final years of the Ottoman Empire and the early Turkish Republic, he provided religious instruction in various institutions, including mosques in Istanbul, after the closure of Sufi lodges. His influence has extended into the modern era through both his writings and the scholars he trained. This study investigates Arvâsîs work er-Riyazüt-Tasawwufiyya, written as a textbook during his years as a teacher. The book presents concise explanations of nearly seventy essential Sufi concepts, including wahdat al-wujud unity of existence, dhikr remembrance, muraqaba spiritual vigilance, rida contentment, and istiqama steadfastness. In particular, twelve core concepts are accompanied by hadith citations, although the sources and authenticity of these narrations are not provided. This reflects a common characteristic of Sufi literature, where hadiths are often transmitted without full chains of narration isnad, paraphrased in meaning, or validated through spiritual experience, such as inspiration or unveiling. Such methods, while prevalent in the Sufi tradition, differ from classical hadith scholarship, which emphasizes textual and chain-based authentication. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the authenticity of the hadiths cited in er-Riyāzüt-Tasawwufiyya. Primary hadith sources such as the Sahihayn, Sunan, and Musnads were consulted, along with classical takhrij and atraf works. In doing so, the study contributes to a better understanding of the intersection between Sufi literature and hadith science, and how scholars like Arvâsî integrated prophetic tradition into their spiritual frameworks.

 Hz. Peygamberin vefatından sonra İslâmın öğretileri farklı ilim dallarına konu olmuştur. Bunlar içerisinde ahlâkî ve manevî öğretiler hem hadis hem de tasavvuf ilmînin konusu olmuştur. Tasavvuf ilmi Kuran ve sünnet çerçevesinde şekillenmiştir. Her ne kadar mutasavvıfların kendine has bazı delillendirme yöntemleri olsa da sahih bilginin kaynağını tespit bağlamında tasavvufun öğretilerinin temelleri kitap ve sünnette aranmıştır. Abdülhakîm Arvâsî, 1860 tarihinde Vanın Başkale ilçesinde dünyaya gelmiş, ilk eğitimini babasından aldıktan sonra çeşitli âlimlerden dinî ve fennî ilimler tahsil etmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra çeşitli tarikatlardan icazet alarak Nakşîbendiyyenin Hâlidiyye koluna intisap etmiştir. Osmanlı Devletinin son yılları ile Cumhuriyet döneminin ilk zamanlarında yaşamıştır. Başkalede medrese ve kütüphane kurarak eğitim vermiş, bölgedeki Şiilik hareketine karşı koymuştur. Rus işgalinin bölgede yaygınlaşması neticesinde Musula göç etmiş, daha sonra Adana ve Eskişehirde bir müddet yaşadıktan sonra İstanbula göç ederek buraya yerleşmiştir. İstanbulda Kaşgarî Dergâhında şeyhlik vazifesini yürütürken tekkeler kapatılınca Beyoğlu Ağa ve Beyazıt Camilerinde dersler vermiştir. Abdülhakîm Arvâsî bu dönemde doğuda ilmî sahada önemli çalışmalar yapmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyetinde bazı dönüşümlerin ve karışıklıkların olduğu bir dönemde yaşayan Arvâsî, tasavvuf ve diğer ilimlerde yazdığı çalışmalar ve etkilediği fikir adamları vesilesiyle etkisi günümüze kadar devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Arvâsînin er-Riyâzüt-Tasavvufiyye adlı eserindeki hadis rivayetlerinin sıhhat durumunu tespit etmektir. Söz konusu eserini müderris olduğu yıllarda kendi ders kitabını oluşturmak için kaleme almıştır. Eserde tasavvufun tanımına, gayesine ve vahdet-i vücûd, zikir, istikamet, rıza, murakabe ve benzeri yetmiş kadar tasavvufî kavramın açıklamalarına yer verilmiştir. Tabii ki eser, detaylı bir tasavvuf incelemesi olmayıp bir ders kitabı olduğundan konular özet halinde ele alınmıştır. Mezkûr eserde on iki temel tasavvuf kavramı açıklanırken bazı hadislere yer verilmiş, ancak hadislerin kaynakları ve sıhhat durumları belirtilmemiştir. Bu durum genel olarak tasavvuf ehlinin hadislere yaklaşımını yansıtmaktadır. Hadislerin senedsiz rivayet edilmesi, mana ile aktarılması ve keşfilham gibi yollarla sıhhatinin belirlenmesi gibi hususlar, tasavvuf ehlinin yöntemleri arasındadır. Bu araştırmada temel hadis kaynaklarına, tahriç ve etraf kitaplarına başvurulmuştur. Bu sahada yapılan güncel çalışmalar da göz ardı edilmeden, gerekli durumlarda istifade edilmiştir. Genel olarak hadislerin tespiti noktasında birincil kaynaklara müracaat edilmiş, ayrıca eser hakkında bazı bilgilere de yer verilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Hadiths Included by Seyyid Abdulhakim Arvâsî in His Explanation of Sufi Concepts in His Work er-Riyad al-Tasavvufiyya

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Göktürk | Yusuf Açıkel

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 10, pp.17-38

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001352447

pISSN:

2980-2407

Hadith

Sufism

Narration

Abdülhakîm Arvâsî

Comment

al-Riyad al-tasavvufiyyaHadis

Tasavvuf

Rivâyet

Abdülhakîm Arvâsî

Yorum

er-Riyazü't-tasavvufiyye

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ahmet Göktürk | Yusuf Açıkel

Yayıncı: Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar: Hadis

Dergi: Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 10, pp.17-38

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001352447

pISSN: 2980-2407

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ahmet Göktürk | Yusuf Açıkel

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 10, pp.17-38

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001352447

pISSN:

2980-2407