Factors Affecting Bone Health  in Children: A Preliminary Study in Kocaeli

Gülcan TÜRKER

Makale detayları

Factors Affecting Bone Health in Children: A Preliminary Study in Kocaeli

Yazarlar:

Gülcan TÜRKER

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2002 Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.43-48

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2001

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000757098

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6165

pISSN:

1300-0144

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 

Unhealthy bones in childhood are likely to be reflected as osteoporosis in the future. This study was planned to assess the bone health of children in the Kocaeli region and to determine the risk factors in terms of osteopenia. A total of 46 healthy children aged 6-16 years (21 girls and 25 boys, mean age: 8.74±2.56 years) were included in the study. A questionaire was used by the physicians to determine the sunlight exposure, dressing habits, calcium content of the diet, vitamin supplementation and daily physical activity. Bone mineral density was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry  at L2-L4 levels of the lumbar spine, Ward's triangle and femur neck. Z-scores of bone mineral density were calculated. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, ferritin levels and  urinary calcium creatinine ratio were measured and an X-ray of the right wrist was taken. In 84% of the study group bone mineral density was lower than the expected values. Mean values of bone mineral density for the femur neck, L2-L4 level of lumbar spine and Ward's triangle were 0.64+0.11g/cm2, 0.54+0.07 g/cm2, and 0.55+0.10 g/cm2, respectively. None of the children had hypoferritenemia, which has an adverse effect on matrix development. We only found a statistically significant correlation between bone mineral density, bone age and serum alkaline phosphatase levels. When the etiology of the decreased bone mineral density was evaluated, no correlation was found with dietary calcium intake physical activity, vitamin D supplementation, sunlight exposure, dressing habits and urinary calcium excretion.  Although none of the children was osteopenic (Z-score of BMD below - 2 SD), the majority had BMD values below those expected. We were unable to determine the etiology of the decreased BMD in this study. However, we suggest that air pollution might be an etiologic factor that must be studied in future in larger series.  In addition, we think that weight-bearing activities and dietary calcium intake must be encouraged.

 

Unhealthy bones in childhood are likely to be reflected as osteoporosis in the future. This study was planned to assess the bone health of children in the Kocaeli region and to determine the risk factors in terms of osteopenia. A total of 46 healthy children aged 6-16 years (21 girls and 25 boys, mean age: 8.74±2.56 years) were included in the study. A questionaire was used by the physicians to determine the sunlight exposure, dressing habits, calcium content of the diet, vitamin supplementation and daily physical activity. Bone mineral density was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry  at L2-L4 levels of the lumbar spine, Ward's triangle and femur neck. Z-scores of bone mineral density were calculated. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, ferritin levels and  urinary calcium creatinine ratio were measured and an X-ray of the right wrist was taken. In 84% of the study group bone mineral density was lower than the expected values. Mean values of bone mineral density for the femur neck, L2-L4 level of lumbar spine and Ward's triangle were 0.64+0.11g/cm2, 0.54+0.07 g/cm2, and 0.55+0.10 g/cm2, respectively. None of the children had hypoferritenemia, which has an adverse effect on matrix development. We only found a statistically significant correlation between bone mineral density, bone age and serum alkaline phosphatase levels. When the etiology of the decreased bone mineral density was evaluated, no correlation was found with dietary calcium intake physical activity, vitamin D supplementation, sunlight exposure, dressing habits and urinary calcium excretion.  Although none of the children was osteopenic (Z-score of BMD below - 2 SD), the majority had BMD values below those expected. We were unable to determine the etiology of the decreased BMD in this study. However, we suggest that air pollution might be an etiologic factor that must be studied in future in larger series.  In addition, we think that weight-bearing activities and dietary calcium intake must be encouraged.

Makale detayları

Factors Affecting Bone Health in Children: A Preliminary Study in Kocaeli

Yazarlar:

Gülcan TÜRKER

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2002 Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.43-48

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2001

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000757098

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6165

pISSN:

1300-0144

Bone density

children

affecting factor

air pollution

Sayı

Makale detayları

Factors Affecting Bone Health in Children: A Preliminary Study in Kocaeli

Yazarlar: Gülcan TÜRKER

Yayıncı: TUBITAK

Dergi: Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2002 Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.43-48

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2001

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000757098

Sıklık: İki Aylık

eISSN: 1303-6165

pISSN: 1300-0144

Bone density

children

affecting factor

air pollution

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Gülcan TÜRKER

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2002 Vol.32 Issue 1, pp.43-48

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2001

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000757098

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6165

pISSN:

1300-0144