The Evaluation Of İsmail Ratib Bey's Opinions On The Law Of Criminal Procedure Of Ancient Civilizations in The Context Of The Article Titled “Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı

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Makale detayları

The Evaluation Of İsmail Ratib Bey's Opinions On The Law Of Criminal Procedure Of Ancient Civilizations in The Context Of The Article Titled “Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 1, pp.227-281

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288855

pISSN:

1306-3839

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Law has been born and developed as a necessity of common needs of mankind, of mind, of moral values, and of basic principles of law. The existence of certain legal rules and practices is also seen in the oldest known civilizations of history. This situation was also valid in terms of criminal proceedings law; since ancient times, criminal proceedings have been similar in all nations.Whether a crime has been committed; the whole of the claims, defense and judicial proceedings undertaken in order to solve the problem of who has been committed and what will be sanctioned constitutes the criminal procedure law. The law of criminal procedure has developed over many years and has become today. İsmail Ratib Bey also mentioned these principles in his article Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı and revealed the link between the level of civilization and the development of the criminal procedure law. The author reviewed the development of criminal proceedings of the Hebrews, Egyptians, Iranians, Indians and Ancient Greeks, both positively and negatively, respectively. The laws of some nations contain provisions that are suitable for human dignity and can be considered modern, while others contain heavy penal provisions that are far from justice and humanity. It is seen in the study that while the procedural provisions of the Hebrews and Egyptians are quite just and humane, the same is not true for Iranians and Indians. In general, it is concluded from the study that the more developed a civilization is, the more developed the rules of law and the more liberal a state is, the more humane, just and authoritarian the criminal procedure procedures will be.

 Law has been born and developed as a necessity of common needs of mankind, of mind, of moral values, and of basic principles of law. The existence of certain legal rules and practices is also seen in the oldest known civilizations of history. This situation was also valid in terms of criminal proceedings law; since ancient times, criminal proceedings have been similar in all nations.Whether a crime has been committed; the whole of the claims, defense and judicial proceedings undertaken in order to solve the problem of who has been committed and what will be sanctioned constitutes the criminal procedure law. The law of criminal procedure has developed over many years and has become today. İsmail Ratib Bey also mentioned these principles in his article Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı and revealed the link between the level of civilization and the development of the criminal procedure law. The author reviewed the development of criminal proceedings of the Hebrews, Egyptians, Iranians, Indians and Ancient Greeks, both positively and negatively, respectively. The laws of some nations contain provisions that are suitable for human dignity and can be considered modern, while others contain heavy penal provisions that are far from justice and humanity. It is seen in the study that while the procedural provisions of the Hebrews and Egyptians are quite just and humane, the same is not true for Iranians and Indians. In general, it is concluded from the study that the more developed a civilization is, the more developed the rules of law and the more liberal a state is, the more humane, just and authoritarian the criminal procedure procedures will be.

 Law has been born and developed as a necessity of common needs of mankind, of mind, of moral values, and of basic principles of law. The existence of certain legal rules and practices is also seen in the oldest known civilizations of history. This situation was also valid in terms of criminal proceedings law; since ancient times, criminal proceedings have been similar in all nations.Whether a crime has been committed; the whole of the claims, defense and judicial proceedings undertaken in order to solve the problem of who has been committed and what will be sanctioned constitutes the criminal procedure law. The law of criminal procedure has developed over many years and has become today. İsmail Ratib Bey also mentioned these principles in his article Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı and revealed the link between the level of civilization and the development of the criminal procedure law. The author reviewed the development of criminal proceedings of the Hebrews, Egyptians, Iranians, Indians and Ancient Greeks, both positively and negatively, respectively. The laws of some nations contain provisions that are suitable for human dignity and can be considered modern, while others contain heavy penal provisions that are far from justice and humanity. It is seen in the study that while the procedural provisions of the Hebrews and Egyptians are quite just and humane, the same is not true for Iranians and Indians. In general, it is concluded from the study that the more developed a civilization is, the more developed the rules of law and the more liberal a state is, the more humane, just and authoritarian the criminal procedure procedures will be.

 Hukuk, insanlığın ortak ihtiyaçlarının, aklının, ahlâkî değerlerinin ve temel hukuk ilkelerinin bir gereği olarak doğup gelişmiştir. Belirli hukuk kurallarının ve uygulamalarının varlığı tarihin bilinen en eski uygarlıklarında da görülmektedir. Bu durum ceza muhakemesi hukuku bakımından da aynen geçerli olmuş; eski çağlardan beri ceza yargılamaları usûlü, bütün milletlerde benzer esaslar göstermiştir. Bir suçun işlenip işlenmediği; işlenmişse, kim tarafından işlendiği ve yaptırımının ne olacağı sorununa çözüm getirmek amacıyla girişilen iddia, savunma ve yargılama faaliyetlerinin bütünü ceza muhakemesi hukukunu oluşturmaktadır. Ceza muhakemesi hukuku, uzun yıllar içerisinde gelişmiş ve bugünkü halini almıştır. İsmail Ratib Bey, Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı adlı makalesinde medeniyet seviyesi ile ceza muhakemesi hukukunun gelişimi arasındaki bağlantıyı ortaya koymuştur. Yazar, makalesinde sırasıyla İbranilerin, Mısırlıların, İranlıların, Hintlilerin ve Antik Yunanlıların ceza yargılama usûllerinin gelişimini, olumlu ve olumsuz yönleriyle incelemiştir. Bazı milletlerin kanunları, insan onuruna uygun ve çağdaş sayılabilecek hükümler içerirken bazılarınınki adaletten ve insanlıktan uzak, ağır cezai hükümler içermektedir. İbranilerin ve Mısırlıların usûl hükümlerinin oldukça adil ve insancılken, İranlılar ve Hintliler için aynı şeyin geçerli olmadığı çalışmada görülmektedir. Çalışmadan genel olarak, bir medeniyet ne kadar gelişmişse hukuk kurallarının da o kadar gelişmiş olacağı ve bir devlet ne kadar özgürlükçüyse ceza muhakemesi usûllerinin de o kadar insancıl, adaletli, ne kadar otoriter ise bu usûllerinin o kadar katı olacağı sonucu çıkarılmaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Evaluation Of İsmail Ratib Bey's Opinions On The Law Of Criminal Procedure Of Ancient Civilizations in The Context Of The Article Titled “Usûl-i Cezaiyye Tedkikatı

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 1, pp.227-281

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288855

pISSN:

1306-3839

Criminal Procedure

Civilization

Law

the Hebrews

the Ancient Greek

Trial

İsmail Ratib Bey.Ceza Muhakemesi

Medeniyet

Hukuk

İbraniler

Antik Yunan

Yargılama

İsmail Ratib Bey

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: N.A.

Yayıncı: Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar: Hukuk

Dergi: Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 1, pp.227-281

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001288855

pISSN: 1306-3839

Sayı

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 1, pp.227-281

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288855

pISSN:

1306-3839