Ahmed Feyzî Çorumî’nin el-Müntehab min Tertibi'l-‘ulûm Adlı Eserinin Tahkik, Tercüme ve Değerlendirilmesi

Abdullah Sıtkı İLHAN

Makale detayları

Ahmed Feyzî Çorumî’nin el-Müntehab min Tertibi'l-‘ulûm Adlı Eserinin Tahkik, Tercüme ve Değerlendirilmesi

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Sıtkı İLHAN

Yayıncı:

Hitit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sosyoloji & antropoloji

Dergi:

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University 2020 Vol.19 Issue 1, pp.427-476

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2020

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000447758

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2757-6949

Özet:

 


Geleneğimizde
ilimlerin tasnif edilmesiyle ilgili pek çok eser kaleme alınmıştır. Bunların arasında
Saçaklızâde’nin Tertîbü’l-‘ulûm adlı eserinin önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu
eserde ilimlerin tanımları, tahsil sırası, ilimleri tahsil etmenin hükümleri ve
dönemin eğitim kurumları olan medreselerde takip edilecek eserlerin isimleri
gibi hususların yanında, hoca ve talebelere birtakım tavsiyelere de yer
verilmiştir. Ahmed Feyzi Çorumî ise el-Müntehab min Tertîbi’l-‘ulûm adlı
risalesini, Saçaklızâde’nin eseri olan Tertîbü’l-‘ulûm’dan bazı seçkiler
yaparak oluşturmuştur. Seçki işlemini genellikle ilimlerin tanımı ve bu
ilimleri öğrenmek isteyenlerin okuması gereken kitaplar konusunda yapmıştır. Bu
seçme işlemini yaparken kimi zaman Saçaklızâde’nin cümlelerini olduğu gibi
aktarırken, kimi zaman da farklı yerlerde zikrettiği cümleleri bir araya
getirerek aktarmıştır. Ahmed Feyzi, Saçaklızâde’nin vermiş olduğu malumattan
faydalanmasının yanında bazen Saçaklızâde’nin cümlelerini açıklamış,
Saçaklızâde’nin yer vermediği eserleri örnek olarak zikretmiştir. Bazen de
Saçaklızâde’nin belirtmiş olduğu kimi eserleri değiştirerek kendisine göre daha
uygun olanını tercih etmiştir. Bu çalışmada el-Müntehâb’ın tahkik, tercüme ve
değerlendirmesi yapılarak iki eser arasındaki farklılıklar ortaya konmuştur.
Elde edebildiğimiz tek nüsha üzerinden yaptığımız tahkik kısmında, metnin daha
anlaşılır olması için tarafımızca eklenen yerler ve başlıklar köşeli parantezle
belirtilmiş ve bazı dipnotlar eklenmiştir. Anlamın kapalı olduğu bazı noktalarda
ise Saçaklızâde’nin ifadelerinden yararlanılmış bu işlem dipnotlarda
açıklanmıştır. Değerlendirme noktasında ise Ahmed Feyzi’nin ele aldığı konular,
Saçaklızâde’nin eserinde ilgili bölümde yerleri bulunarak karşılaştırma
yapılmış, aralarındaki farklar ve benzerliklere dikkat çekilmiştir.


.

 


Abstract


In our
tradition a great amount of work have been written on the classification of
sciences. Saçaklızâde’s Tertîbü’l-‘Ulûm has a significant place among
them. In Tertîbü’l-‘Ulûm, information on the definitions of the
sciences, the order of studying these sciences and the verdicts on studying
them is given. Additionally, the names of the suggested literature to be read
in the madrasas, the educational institutions of the period, and some
suggestions are also given to the teachers and students. Ahmed Feyzi Çorumî’s work,
al-Müntehab min Tertîbi'l-‘Ulûm, is based on some selections from Tertîbu'l-‘Ulûm.
The selections are mainly on the definition of sciences and the suggested literature
for those who want to learn these sciences. While making this selection, sometimes
he conveys the sentences of Saçaklızâde as they are, and sometimes combines the
sentences of Saçaklızâde from different parts of his book. In addition to utilise
the information given by Saçaklızâde, Ahmed Feyzi occasionally explains the
sentences of Saçaklızâde and refers to some works that Saçaklızâde does not
mention as well. Sometimes he disagrees with the literature suggested by Saçaklızâde
and refers to the ones more suitable for him. 


In this
paper, al-Müntehâb is analyzed, translated and evaluated, and the differences
between the two works are revealed. The analysis is done on the only available
copy of al-Müntehab. The text is made more clear by adding some pieces and headings
that are indicated in the square brackets and adding some footnotes. When the
meaning is unclear, the expressions of Saçaklızâde are consulted, and this
situation is stated in the footnotes.


Summary

The topic of the classification of the
sciences has gained the attention of various scholars. A great amount of works
was composed in both Western and Islamic tradition, and many of them has
reached today. One of these works is Tertîbu’l-‘Ulûm. It is written by
Saçaklızade Mehmet Efendi of Maraş (d. 1145/1732), an Ottoman Scholar who wrote
on various sciences such as Fiqh, Kalam, Logic, Tafseer. This work has an
important place in terms of showing the curriculum of madrasahs, educational
institutions of the period. Saçaklızâde’s book consists of five sections; an
introduction, two chapters, one appendix and a conclusion respectively. In the
introduction, the sciences are classified as canonic and non-canonic sciences
and the verdicts on employing in them are given. First chapter gives the
definition of useful sciences. In the second chapter, the useful sciences are
graded for the students who are going to study them. While a very brief
information on the praise of Qur’an, its names and its place in Hadith are
given in the appendix, the writer devotes the conclusion to various topics
related to philosophy. Various information such as the definitions of sciences,
the order of studying them, the verdict on studying them, the names of works
that are studied in madrasahs, which are educational institutions in the
period, are given. In addition to all these, Saçaklızâde mentions the method used
in the madrasahs, criticizes the arrogant behavior and attitudes of the
lecturers and states wrong choices that the students make during their study.
As well as giving advice to teachers and students for a better education, he
also recommends various books for some sciences by drawing attention to the
proper literature. Saçaklızâde recommends books for each level by stating
beginner, intermediate and advanced levels for some of the sciences and tells
that other sciences can be leveled in comparison to them. 


Ahmed Feyzi Çorumî, who was born after
107 years from Saçaklızâde, wrote his risalah, al-Müntehab min Tertîbi’l-‘Ulûm,
by selecting some parts from Saçaklızâde’s work. The selections are mainly on
the definition of sciences and the suggested literature for those who want to
learn these sciences. While making this selection, sometimes he conveys the
sentences of Saçaklızâde as they are, and sometimes combines the sentences of
Saçaklızâde from different parts of his book. For example, while giving information
on steep oneself in Kalam, he quotes a sentence from 105th page of Saçaklızâde’s book,
and also refers  to the the sentences
from 215th, 153th, 109th and 214th pages.. This simply shows that Ahmet Fevzi
did not write an ordinary summary. While Saçaklızâde classifies the literature for
Tafseer, Hadith, Fiqh, Kalam, Quran Systems , Rhetoric, Logic, al-Nahw as
beginning (iktisâr), intermediate (iktisâd) and advanced (istiksâ) levels,
Ahmed Feyzi makes the same classification for the Methodology of Hadith,
Mysticism, Inspiration, Counsel, Reading, Tajwid, the Methodology of Fiqh,
Discussion, Anatomy, Medical Science, Inheritance, Mathematics, Prosody, Wad’,
Grammar and Etymology sciences as well. In addition to utilize the information
given by Saçaklızâde, Ahmed Feyzi sometimes explains the sentences of
Saçaklızâde, and mentions the works that Saçaklızâde did not talk about. The
alteration of the works given as an example, namely, the fact that Ahmet Feyzi
recommended different books shows that, the choice of the works used in
education has changed in the course of the time. The reason for this shift
could be due to the appearance of more up-to-date works that is more
proper  for the education of the time,
and on this basis it can be said that new works shows the change in the
education culture. For example, unlike Saçaklızâde, Ahmed Feyzi suggests that
Hâdimî’s (1176/1762) work should be read in the beginning level of Usul
al-Fiqh. Saçaklızâde was very likely did not see this work of Hâdımî, who died
thirty years after him. This clearly shows us that Ahmed Feyzi takes the works
that were interesting during his time into account.

















In this study; firstly, a very brief
information about the lives of Saçaklızâde Mehmed Efendi and Ahmed Feyzi Çorumî
is given. Then the work of al-Müntehab min Tertîbi'l-‘Ulûm is analyzed
after the short introduction of Tertîbü'l-‘ulûm. In doing the analysis
of el-Müntehâb, while translating and evaluating it, the differences between
the two works are revealed. Theanalysis is done on the only available copy of
the work, which is present in Çorum Hasan Paşa Manuscript Library. Additional
information is added in order to make meaning more accurate; they are indicated
in brackets. The manuscript is divided into paragraphs where it is appropriate
in the process of transcription. In addition, titles are added for the readers
to follow the text better and some words are highlighted where it is necessary.
While evaluating the texts, the issues addressed by Ahmed Feyzi in his risalah
are compared by finding their place in the relevant sections of Saçaklızâde,
and the differences and similarities are mentioned in twenty-four items.


.

Makale detayları

Ahmed Feyzî Çorumî’nin el-Müntehab min Tertibi'l-‘ulûm Adlı Eserinin Tahkik, Tercüme ve Değerlendirilmesi

Yazarlar: Abdullah Sıtkı İLHAN

Yayıncı: Hitit University

Ana Başlıklar: Sosyoloji & antropoloji

Dergi: Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University 2020 Vol.19 Issue 1, pp.427-476

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2020

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000447758

Sıklık: İki Yıllık

eISSN: 2757-6949

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Sıtkı İLHAN

Yayıncı:

Hitit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sosyoloji & antropoloji

Dergi:

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University 2020 Vol.19 Issue 1, pp.427-476

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2020

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000447758

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2757-6949