ACTIVITIES OF AMBASSADORS SENT TO THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE BY THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Mustafa Karazeybek

Makale detayları

ACTIVITIES OF AMBASSADORS SENT TO THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE BY THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Karazeybek

Yayıncı:

Pamukkale University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Belgi Dergisi Issue 30, pp.515-542

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354941

pISSN:

2146-4456

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The relations between the Central Asian khanatesemirates and the Ottoman Empire hold significance for both Turkish and world history. Among the Central Asian khanates, the one that established relations with the Ottoman Empire the most was the Emirate of Bukhara. The emergence of the Safavid Empire had a significant impact on the development of relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Emirate of Bukhara, as the idea of cooperation against the Safavids positively influenced this development. From the 18th century onward, the most important factor affecting the development of relations was Russias expansion. In the 19th century, Russia increased its pressure on both the Ottoman Empire and the Uzbek khanatesemirates. Correspondingly, the search for cooperation also increased. Relations in the 19th century primarily developed around the mutual visits of envoys. The relationships particularly grew within the framework of Bukhara envoys coming to Istanbul. When examining the documents in the Ottoman archives, it is observed that the main reasons for the envoys visits were to announce changes in rulers or to congratulate new rulers. Although these reasons appeared to be the primary focus, the letters brought by the envoys revealed various requests for assistance from the Ottoman Empire. It is even understood that some delicate matters were conveyed verbally to the envoys, considering the risks associated with transmission over the journey, and these envoys delivered these verbal messages to the Ottoman court. The Ottoman Empire always showed respect to the incoming envoys and tried to fulfill their requests within its means. However, at times, the requests could not be fully met due to considerations of Russian and regional delicacies. During these visits, gift exchanges and the search for cooperation against various threats were observed. This article aims to evaluate the documents related to the subject based on the Ottoman archives. In this directions, it is aimed to identify the envoys sent from Bukhara and to reveal the reason for their sending, their purposes, their activities, the ceremonies and services provided for the embassy delegations, the routes of the envoys and the difficulties they suffered.

 The relations between the Central Asian khanatesemirates and the Ottoman Empire hold significance for both Turkish and world history. Among the Central Asian khanates, the one that established relations with the Ottoman Empire the most was the Emirate of Bukhara. The emergence of the Safavid Empire had a significant impact on the development of relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Emirate of Bukhara, as the idea of cooperation against the Safavids positively influenced this development. From the 18th century onward, the most important factor affecting the development of relations was Russias expansion. In the 19th century, Russia increased its pressure on both the Ottoman Empire and the Uzbek khanatesemirates. Correspondingly, the search for cooperation also increased. Relations in the 19th century primarily developed around the mutual visits of envoys. The relationships particularly grew within the framework of Bukhara envoys coming to Istanbul. When examining the documents in the Ottoman archives, it is observed that the main reasons for the envoys visits were to announce changes in rulers or to congratulate new rulers. Although these reasons appeared to be the primary focus, the letters brought by the envoys revealed various requests for assistance from the Ottoman Empire. It is even understood that some delicate matters were conveyed verbally to the envoys, considering the risks associated with transmission over the journey, and these envoys delivered these verbal messages to the Ottoman court. The Ottoman Empire always showed respect to the incoming envoys and tried to fulfill their requests within its means. However, at times, the requests could not be fully met due to considerations of Russian and regional delicacies. During these visits, gift exchanges and the search for cooperation against various threats were observed. This article aims to evaluate the documents related to the subject based on the Ottoman archives. In this directions, it is aimed to identify the envoys sent from Bukhara and to reveal the reason for their sending, their purposes, their activities, the ceremonies and services provided for the embassy delegations, the routes of the envoys and the difficulties they suffered.

 The relations between the Central Asian khanatesemirates and the Ottoman Empire hold significance for both Turkish and world history. Among the Central Asian khanates, the one that established relations with the Ottoman Empire the most was the Emirate of Bukhara. The emergence of the Safavid Empire had a significant impact on the development of relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Emirate of Bukhara, as the idea of cooperation against the Safavids positively influenced this development. From the 18th century onward, the most important factor affecting the development of relations was Russias expansion. In the 19th century, Russia increased its pressure on both the Ottoman Empire and the Uzbek khanatesemirates. Correspondingly, the search for cooperation also increased. Relations in the 19th century primarily developed around the mutual visits of envoys. The relationships particularly grew within the framework of Bukhara envoys coming to Istanbul. When examining the documents in the Ottoman archives, it is observed that the main reasons for the envoys visits were to announce changes in rulers or to congratulate new rulers. Although these reasons appeared to be the primary focus, the letters brought by the envoys revealed various requests for assistance from the Ottoman Empire. It is even understood that some delicate matters were conveyed verbally to the envoys, considering the risks associated with transmission over the journey, and these envoys delivered these verbal messages to the Ottoman court. The Ottoman Empire always showed respect to the incoming envoys and tried to fulfill their requests within its means. However, at times, the requests could not be fully met due to considerations of Russian and regional delicacies. During these visits, gift exchanges and the search for cooperation against various threats were observed. This article aims to evaluate the documents related to the subject based on the Ottoman archives. In this directions, it is aimed to identify the envoys sent from Bukhara and to reveal the reason for their sending, their purposes, their activities, the ceremonies and services provided for the embassy delegations, the routes of the envoys and the difficulties they suffered.

 Orta Asya hanlıklarıemirlikleri ile Osmanlı Devleti arasındaki ilişkiler Türk ve dünya tarihi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Orta Asya hanlıkları içerisinde Osmanlı Devleti ile en fazla ilişki kuran hanlıkemirlik ise Buhara HanlığıEmirliği olmuştur. Safevi Devletinin ortaya çıkması Osmanlı Devleti ile Buhara Hanlığı arasındaki ilişkilerin gelişmesine önemli ölçüde tesir etmiştir. Safevilere karşı iş birliği düşüncesi bu gelişmeyi olumlu etkilemiştir. 18. yüzyıldan itibaren ilişkilerin gelişmesine tesir eden en önemli etken ise Rusyanın genişlemeye başlamasıdır. Rusya 19. yüzyılda hem Osmanlı Devleti hem Özbek hanlıklarıemirlikleri üzerindeki baskısını arttırmıştır. Buna paralel olarak iş birliği arayışları da artmıştır. 19. yüzyıldaki ilişkiler önemli ölçüde karşılıklı olarak elçilerin gelip gitmesi merkezli ortaya çıkmıştır. Daha fazla da Buhara elçilerinin İstanbula gelmeleri çerçevesinde ilişkiler gelişme göstermiştir. Osmanlı arşivlerinde bulunan vesikalar incelendiğinde, elçilerin gelme nedenleri arasında hükümdar değişikliklerinin bildirilmesi veya hükümdar olmalarını tebrik ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Her ne kadar görünüşte bu hususlar ön plana çıksa da elçilerin getirdikleri mektuplarda muhtelif konularda Osmanlı Devletinden yardım talepleri olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Hatta bazı hususi konuların yol riskleri dikkate alınarak yazıya dökülmeden elçilere söylendiği ve elçilerin de sözlü olarak kendilerine verilen mesajları Osmanlı sarayına ilettikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Osmanlı Devleti gelen elçilere her zaman itibar göstermiş ve imkanlar ölçüsünde talepleri karşılanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bazen de Rusya ve bölgenin hassasiyetleri dikkate alınarak talepler tam karşılanamamıştır. Ziyaretler sırasında hediyeleşmeler ve çeşitli tehditlere karşı iş birliği arayışları söz konusu olmuştur. Bu makalede, Osmanlı arşivlerinden hareketle konu ile ilgili belgelerin değerlendirilmesinin yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, Buharadan gönderilen elçilerin tespiti ile gönderiliş sebepleri, amaçları, faaliyetleri, elçilik heyetleri için uygulanan merasimler ve verilen hizmetler, elçilerin yol güzergahları ve çektikleri zorlukların ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir.

Makale detayları

ACTIVITIES OF AMBASSADORS SENT TO THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE BY THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Karazeybek

Yayıncı:

Pamukkale University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Belgi Dergisi Issue 30, pp.515-542

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354941

pISSN:

2146-4456

Khanate/Emirate of Bukhara

Ottoman Empire

19th century

diplomatic relations

envoys

UzbekistanBuhara Hanlığı/Emirliği

Osmanlı Devleti

19. yüzyıl

diplomatik ilişkiler

elçiler

Özbekistan

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mustafa Karazeybek

Yayıncı: Pamukkale University

Ana Başlıklar: Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Belgi Dergisi Issue 30, pp.515-542

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001354941

pISSN: 2146-4456

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Karazeybek

Yayıncı:

Pamukkale University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Yakınçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Belgi Dergisi Issue 30, pp.515-542

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354941

pISSN:

2146-4456