The Manifestation of Conceiving God in Modern Turkish Poetry -  The Example of Turgut Uyar-Sezai Karakoç

Nurettin Çalışkan

Makale detayları

The Manifestation of Conceiving God in Modern Turkish Poetry - The Example of Turgut Uyar-Sezai Karakoç

Yazarlar:

Nurettin Çalışkan

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 8, pp.150-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321163

pISSN:

2980-2407

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The current situation of all kinds of issues that concern society can be understood by tracing them from past to present and determining the relationship between their causes and consequences. As philosophical movements and political-social ideologies such as rationalism, materialism, positivism, which are the products of Western thought, the Renaissance, the French revolution and the enlightenment movement, gradually became dominant and driving force, the traditional perception and acceptance of religion, and Islam in particular, became largely disabled with the Republican period. Modern Turkish poetry has been closely related to Western thought in terms of its issues since its emergence in the first half of the 19th century. One of these issues is the rupture and change in the perception of existence and the perception of God. The thought and outlook on life of the Muslim Ottoman people represented a dynamic human-god, human-universe and universe-god relationship centered on monotheism for five centuries. This form of perception formed the world of meaning of Ottoman poetry, especially from the 17th century until the Tanzimat. His encounter with the West took place not only through wars that resulted in land, debt, economic and financial losses, but also through the recruitment of the brains of those who fled or went for education. Generations raised under the influence of positivist and rationalist thought were mentally prepared for an environment in which the influence of religion was close to zero in the transition to the Republican era. Humanitarian crises, existential pains and deep philosophical crises caused by internal and external factors throughout the geography where Muslims lived were also experienced in the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning, when there was no contemplative group that would spend scientific, intellectual, philosophical and sociological work to think about these issues and propose solutions, mostly literary figures and poets took on the task of criticizing or carrying out modernity. The traces of the western thinkers that the poets were influenced by can be traced from their poems. Therefore, the field of literature and poetry generally provide the opportunity to clearly observe the change in religious perception and perception of God. This article aims to analyze the change in the perception of God and the recognition, hesitation and rejection inherent in this imagination through the poems of the Republic period poets Turgut Uyar and Sezai Karakoç. For this purpose, first the process leading to Modern Turkish poetry evaluated and the existence, essence and hesitation dimension of the issue of knowing God will be investigated in the poetry of Abdülhak Hâmid, one of the most influential poets of the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic. In order to examine where the same issue evolved in the poetry of the Republican period, approximately thirty years later, the invocation poems of Sezai Karakoç and Turgut Uyar subjected to a comparative reading, and it investigated whether the period of hesitation in the imagination of God continues or not, and what kind of a view Turkish poetry presents in terms of recognition and rejection.

 The current situation of all kinds of issues that concern society can be understood by tracing them from past to present and determining the relationship between their causes and consequences. As philosophical movements and political-social ideologies such as rationalism, materialism, positivism, which are the products of Western thought, the Renaissance, the French revolution and the enlightenment movement, gradually became dominant and driving force, the traditional perception and acceptance of religion, and Islam in particular, became largely disabled with the Republican period. Modern Turkish poetry has been closely related to Western thought in terms of its issues since its emergence in the first half of the 19th century. One of these issues is the rupture and change in the perception of existence and the perception of God. The thought and outlook on life of the Muslim Ottoman people represented a dynamic human-god, human-universe and universe-god relationship centered on monotheism for five centuries. This form of perception formed the world of meaning of Ottoman poetry, especially from the 17th century until the Tanzimat. His encounter with the West took place not only through wars that resulted in land, debt, economic and financial losses, but also through the recruitment of the brains of those who fled or went for education. Generations raised under the influence of positivist and rationalist thought were mentally prepared for an environment in which the influence of religion was close to zero in the transition to the Republican era. Humanitarian crises, existential pains and deep philosophical crises caused by internal and external factors throughout the geography where Muslims lived were also experienced in the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning, when there was no contemplative group that would spend scientific, intellectual, philosophical and sociological work to think about these issues and propose solutions, mostly literary figures and poets took on the task of criticizing or carrying out modernity. The traces of the western thinkers that the poets were influenced by can be traced from their poems. Therefore, the field of literature and poetry generally provide the opportunity to clearly observe the change in religious perception and perception of God. This article aims to analyze the change in the perception of God and the recognition, hesitation and rejection inherent in this imagination through the poems of the Republic period poets Turgut Uyar and Sezai Karakoç. For this purpose, first the process leading to Modern Turkish poetry evaluated and the existence, essence and hesitation dimension of the issue of knowing God will be investigated in the poetry of Abdülhak Hâmid, one of the most influential poets of the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic. In order to examine where the same issue evolved in the poetry of the Republican period, approximately thirty years later, the invocation poems of Sezai Karakoç and Turgut Uyar subjected to a comparative reading, and it investigated whether the period of hesitation in the imagination of God continues or not, and what kind of a view Turkish poetry presents in terms of recognition and rejection.

 The current situation of all kinds of issues that concern society can be understood by tracing them from past to present and determining the relationship between their causes and consequences. As philosophical movements and political-social ideologies such as rationalism, materialism, positivism, which are the products of Western thought, the Renaissance, the French revolution and the enlightenment movement, gradually became dominant and driving force, the traditional perception and acceptance of religion, and Islam in particular, became largely disabled with the Republican period. Modern Turkish poetry has been closely related to Western thought in terms of its issues since its emergence in the first half of the 19th century. One of these issues is the rupture and change in the perception of existence and the perception of God. The thought and outlook on life of the Muslim Ottoman people represented a dynamic human-god, human-universe and universe-god relationship centered on monotheism for five centuries. This form of perception formed the world of meaning of Ottoman poetry, especially from the 17th century until the Tanzimat. His encounter with the West took place not only through wars that resulted in land, debt, economic and financial losses, but also through the recruitment of the brains of those who fled or went for education. Generations raised under the influence of positivist and rationalist thought were mentally prepared for an environment in which the influence of religion was close to zero in the transition to the Republican era. Humanitarian crises, existential pains and deep philosophical crises caused by internal and external factors throughout the geography where Muslims lived were also experienced in the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning, when there was no contemplative group that would spend scientific, intellectual, philosophical and sociological work to think about these issues and propose solutions, mostly literary figures and poets took on the task of criticizing or carrying out modernity. The traces of the western thinkers that the poets were influenced by can be traced from their poems. Therefore, the field of literature and poetry generally provide the opportunity to clearly observe the change in religious perception and perception of God. This article aims to analyze the change in the perception of God and the recognition, hesitation and rejection inherent in this imagination through the poems of the Republic period poets Turgut Uyar and Sezai Karakoç. For this purpose, first the process leading to Modern Turkish poetry evaluated and the existence, essence and hesitation dimension of the issue of knowing God will be investigated in the poetry of Abdülhak Hâmid, one of the most influential poets of the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic. In order to examine where the same issue evolved in the poetry of the Republican period, approximately thirty years later, the invocation poems of Sezai Karakoç and Turgut Uyar subjected to a comparative reading, and it investigated whether the period of hesitation in the imagination of God continues or not, and what kind of a view Turkish poetry presents in terms of recognition and rejection.

 Toplumu ilgilendiren her türden meselenin hali hazırı, geçmişten bugüne izlerinin sürülmesi, sebep ve sonuçları arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesiyle anlaşılabilir. Batı düşüncesinin, Rönesans, Fransız devrimi ve aydınlanma hareketinin ürünü rasyonalizm, materyalizm, pozitivizm gibi felsefi akımların ve siyasi-toplumsal ideolojilerin giderek hâkim ve itici güç haline gelmesiyle, dinin ve özelde İslamın gelenekli idrâki ve kabulleri Cumhuriyet dönemi ile birlikte büyük ölçüde devre dışı bırakılmıştır. Modern Türk şiiri 19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında ortaya çıkışından bugüne, meseleleri bakımından Batı düşüncesi ile yakından ilintilidir. Bu meselelerden biri de varlık ve Tanrı tasavvurunda vuku bulan kırılma ve değişimdir. Müslüman Osmanlı insanının düşüncesini ve hayata bakışı beş yüzyıl boyunca tevhid merkezli dinamik bir insan-tanrı, insan-kâinat ve kâinat-tanrı ilişkisi temsil etti. Bu idrâk biçimi özellikle 17. yüzyıldan itibaren Tanzimata kadar Osmanlı şiirinin anlam dünyasını oluşturdu. Batı ile karşılaşması yalnızca toprak, borçlanma, iktisadi ve mali kayıplarla sonuçlanan savaşlar ile değil, kaçan veya eğitim için gidenlerin beyinlerinin devşirilmesi yoluyla da gerçekleşti. Pozitivist ve rasyonalist düşüncenin tesiri ile yetişen nesiller Cumhuriyet dönemine geçişte dinin etkisinin sıfır noktasına yakın olduğu bir ortama zihnen hazırdılar. Müslümanların yaşadığı coğrafyanın tamamında iç ve dış amillerin yol açtığı insani krizler, varoluş sancıları ve derin felsefi buhran Osmanlıda da tecrübe edilmiştir. Başlangıçta bunlar üzerinde düşünüp çözüm tekliflerinde bulunacak ilmi, fikri, felsefi ve sosyolojik mesai sarf edecek mütefekkir zümrenin eksikliği sebebiyle, modernitenin tenkidini veya taşıyıcılığını yapma görevini daha çok edebiyatçılar ve şairler üstlenmiştir. Şairlerin etkilendikleri batılı düşünürden izleri şiirlerinden sürülebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla edebiyat sahası ve şiir genelde din idrâki ve Tanrı tasavvurundaki değişimin bariz biçimde gözlemlenmesine imkân sunmaktadır. Bu yazı ile Cumhuriyet dönemi şairleri Turgut Uyar ve Sezai Karakoç şiiri üzerinden Tanrı tasavvurundaki değişim ve bu tasavvurda mündemiç olan ikrar, tereddüt ve reddin tahlili amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için önce Modern Türk şiirine giden sürecin değerlendirmesi yapılmakta; Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyete geçiş döneminin en etkili şairlerinden Abdülhak Hâmidin şiirinde varlığın özü ve Tanrıyı tanıma meselesinde yaşanan tereddüdün mahiyeti incelenmektedir. Buradan yaklaşık otuz yıl sonra aynı meselenin Cumhuriyet dönemi şiirinde nereye evrildiğini görmek için Sezai Karakoç ve Turgut Uyarın yakarış şiirleri karşılaştırmalı bir okumaya tabii tutulmakta ve Tanrı tasavvurunda tereddüt döneminin devam edip etmediği, ikrar ve ret çizgisinde Türk şiirinin nasıl bir manzara arz ettiği araştırılmaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Manifestation of Conceiving God in Modern Turkish Poetry - The Example of Turgut Uyar-Sezai Karakoç

Yazarlar:

Nurettin Çalışkan

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 8, pp.150-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321163

pISSN:

2980-2407

Conceiving God

Turkish poetry

Abdülhak Hamid

Sezai Karakoç

Turgut Uyar

Confession

Hesitation

Rejection.Tanrı tasavvuru

Türk Şiiri

Abdülhak Hamid

Sezai Karakoç

Turgut Uyar

İkrar

Tereddüt

Ret

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nurettin Çalışkan

Yayıncı: Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi: Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 8, pp.150-173

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001321163

pISSN: 2980-2407

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nurettin Çalışkan

Yayıncı:

Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 8, pp.150-173

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001321163

pISSN:

2980-2407