FORAGING ECOLOGY AND ABUNDANCE OF NATIVE POLLINATORS IN BITTER GOURD

Kamatchi Murali Narmadha; Pernamallur Ayyaswami Saravanan; Govindasamy Umapathy

Makale detayları

FORAGING ECOLOGY AND ABUNDANCE OF NATIVE POLLINATORS IN BITTER GOURD

Yazarlar:

Kamatchi Murali Narmadha | Pernamallur Ayyaswami Saravanan | Govindasamy Umapathy

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.178-189

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303768

pISSN:

2687-5594

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 An experiment is conducted in bitter gourd cropping system at Coimbatore district in India, to study bitter gourd floral character, the foraging ecology of native pollinators and their modes of pollination. Bitter gourd is a monoecious plant bears separate male and female flowers. Male flower blooms early followed by female flowers. Stigma receptivity of pistillate flowers was confirmed on 4th day old flower showed yellowish-green stigma with shining stigmatic exudation. The stigma receptivity lasts up to 24 hours after anthesis. Pollen viability test done with 2 per cent acetocarmine solution indicated that pollen collected during morning hours 06:00 h were more viable and were deeply stained, whereas pollens collected at evening hours 17:00 h remained unstained and considered as nonviable. The foraging activities of Apis cerana indica Fabricius and Tetragonula iridipennis begin at 06:00 h and 06:30 h respectively and ceased by evening 17:00 h. T. iridipennis foragers spent more time in pollen collection 31.1 seconds flower and nectar collection 26.14 seconds flower whereas, A. cerana indica spent less time in pollen collection 8.62 seconds flowers and nectar collection 3.56 seconds flower respectively. A total of 17 pollinator species belongs to four orders viz., Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera have been documented and grouped based on their mode of foraging in bitter gourd flowers.

 An experiment is conducted in bitter gourd cropping system at Coimbatore district in India, to study bitter gourd floral character, the foraging ecology of native pollinators and their modes of pollination. Bitter gourd is a monoecious plant bears separate male and female flowers. Male flower blooms early followed by female flowers. Stigma receptivity of pistillate flowers was confirmed on 4th day old flower showed yellowish-green stigma with shining stigmatic exudation. The stigma receptivity lasts up to 24 hours after anthesis. Pollen viability test done with 2 per cent acetocarmine solution indicated that pollen collected during morning hours 06:00 h were more viable and were deeply stained, whereas pollens collected at evening hours 17:00 h remained unstained and considered as nonviable. The foraging activities of Apis cerana indica Fabricius and Tetragonula iridipennis begin at 06:00 h and 06:30 h respectively and ceased by evening 17:00 h. T. iridipennis foragers spent more time in pollen collection 31.1 seconds flower and nectar collection 26.14 seconds flower whereas, A. cerana indica spent less time in pollen collection 8.62 seconds flowers and nectar collection 3.56 seconds flower respectively. A total of 17 pollinator species belongs to four orders viz., Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera have been documented and grouped based on their mode of foraging in bitter gourd flowers.

 An experiment is conducted in bitter gourd cropping system at Coimbatore district in India, to study bitter gourd floral character, the foraging ecology of native pollinators and their modes of pollination. Bitter gourd is a monoecious plant bears separate male and female flowers. Male flower blooms early followed by female flowers. Stigma receptivity of pistillate flowers was confirmed on 4th day old flower showed yellowish-green stigma with shining stigmatic exudation. The stigma receptivity lasts up to 24 hours after anthesis. Pollen viability test done with 2 per cent acetocarmine solution indicated that pollen collected during morning hours 06:00 h were more viable and were deeply stained, whereas pollens collected at evening hours 17:00 h remained unstained and considered as nonviable. The foraging activities of Apis cerana indica Fabricius and Tetragonula iridipennis begin at 06:00 h and 06:30 h respectively and ceased by evening 17:00 h. T. iridipennis foragers spent more time in pollen collection 31.1 seconds flower and nectar collection 26.14 seconds flower whereas, A. cerana indica spent less time in pollen collection 8.62 seconds flowers and nectar collection 3.56 seconds flower respectively. A total of 17 pollinator species belongs to four orders viz., Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera have been documented and grouped based on their mode of foraging in bitter gourd flowers.

 An experiment is conducted in bitter gourd cropping system at Coimbatore district in India, to study bitter gourd floral character, the foraging ecology of native pollinators and their modes of pollination. Bitter gourd is a monoecious plant bears separate male and female flowers. Male flower blooms early followed by female flowers. Stigma receptivity of pistillate flowers was confirmed on 4th day old flower showed yellowish-green stigma with shining stigmatic exudation. The stigma receptivity lasts up to 24 hours after anthesis. Pollen viability test done with 2 per cent acetocarmine solution indicated that pollen collected during morning hours 06:00 h were more viable and were deeply stained, whereas pollens collected at evening hours 17:00 h remained unstained and considered as nonviable. The foraging activities of Apis cerana indica Fabricius and Tetragonula iridipennis begin at 06:00 h and 06:30 h respectively and ceased by evening 17:00 h. T. iridipennis foragers spent more time in pollen collection 31.1 seconds flower and nectar collection 26.14 seconds flower whereas, A. cerana indica spent less time in pollen collection 8.62 seconds flowers and nectar collection 3.56 seconds flower respectively. A total of 17 pollinator species belongs to four orders viz., Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera have been documented and grouped based on their mode of foraging in bitter gourd flowers.

Makale detayları

FORAGING ECOLOGY AND ABUNDANCE OF NATIVE POLLINATORS IN BITTER GOURD

Yazarlar:

Kamatchi Murali Narmadha | Pernamallur Ayyaswami Saravanan | Govindasamy Umapathy

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.178-189

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303768

pISSN:

2687-5594

Abundance

Bitter gourd

Foraging ecology

Pollination

Sayı

Makale detayları

FORAGING ECOLOGY AND ABUNDANCE OF NATIVE POLLINATORS IN BITTER GOURD

Yazarlar: Kamatchi Murali Narmadha | Pernamallur Ayyaswami Saravanan | Govindasamy Umapathy

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi: Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.178-189

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303768

pISSN: 2687-5594

Abundance

Bitter gourd

Foraging ecology

Pollination

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Kamatchi Murali Narmadha | Pernamallur Ayyaswami Saravanan | Govindasamy Umapathy

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.178-189

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303768

pISSN:

2687-5594