The Cycle of Jāhiliyya: Tribe, Women, and Slavery

Halil Ortakcı

Makale detayları

The Cycle of Jāhiliyya: Tribe, Women, and Slavery

Yazarlar:

Halil Ortakcı

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Siyer Dergisi Issue Cahiliye Özel Sayısı, pp.92-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333707

pISSN:

2687-5810

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Quran, addressing the pre-Islamic society, was revealed over a period of twenty-three years. During this time, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him conveyed his message to the people and ensured the upbringing of the generation of companions Sahaba. The transition of the society from Jāhiliyya the age of ignorance to Islam in terms of belief, customs, and traditions took place gradually. In contrast, the Prophet always acknowledged the possibility of a return to Jāhiliyya as a societal or individual phenomenon, warning his companions to be vigilant. These regressions can be observed through the fundamental aspects of social order, namely tribe, women, and slavery. Indeed, after the demise of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, incidents of apostasy occurred due to the rigid tribalistic understanding. Similarly, throughout history, tribalism has been a problem, specifically for the Islamic community and generally for humanity. Islam, by attributing sanctity to motherhood, abolished the negative perception of womanhood as an aspect of Jāhiliyya tradition. However, there have been regressions in the perception of girls and women over time. During the time of the Prophet, there was a transition from a society based on slavery to one where slavery existed but efforts were made for their manumission, aiming for at least an exceptional social status for them gradually. This article will examine the regressions in the three aforementioned elements - tribe, women, and slavery - in pre-Islamic Arab society during the time of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him until the modern era.

 The Quran, addressing the pre-Islamic society, was revealed over a period of twenty-three years. During this time, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him conveyed his message to the people and ensured the upbringing of the generation of companions Sahaba. The transition of the society from Jāhiliyya the age of ignorance to Islam in terms of belief, customs, and traditions took place gradually. In contrast, the Prophet always acknowledged the possibility of a return to Jāhiliyya as a societal or individual phenomenon, warning his companions to be vigilant. These regressions can be observed through the fundamental aspects of social order, namely tribe, women, and slavery. Indeed, after the demise of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, incidents of apostasy occurred due to the rigid tribalistic understanding. Similarly, throughout history, tribalism has been a problem, specifically for the Islamic community and generally for humanity. Islam, by attributing sanctity to motherhood, abolished the negative perception of womanhood as an aspect of Jāhiliyya tradition. However, there have been regressions in the perception of girls and women over time. During the time of the Prophet, there was a transition from a society based on slavery to one where slavery existed but efforts were made for their manumission, aiming for at least an exceptional social status for them gradually. This article will examine the regressions in the three aforementioned elements - tribe, women, and slavery - in pre-Islamic Arab society during the time of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him until the modern era.

 The Quran, addressing the pre-Islamic society, was revealed over a period of twenty-three years. During this time, Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him conveyed his message to the people and ensured the upbringing of the generation of companions Sahaba. The transition of the society from Jāhiliyya the age of ignorance to Islam in terms of belief, customs, and traditions took place gradually. In contrast, the Prophet always acknowledged the possibility of a return to Jāhiliyya as a societal or individual phenomenon, warning his companions to be vigilant. These regressions can be observed through the fundamental aspects of social order, namely tribe, women, and slavery. Indeed, after the demise of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, incidents of apostasy occurred due to the rigid tribalistic understanding. Similarly, throughout history, tribalism has been a problem, specifically for the Islamic community and generally for humanity. Islam, by attributing sanctity to motherhood, abolished the negative perception of womanhood as an aspect of Jāhiliyya tradition. However, there have been regressions in the perception of girls and women over time. During the time of the Prophet, there was a transition from a society based on slavery to one where slavery existed but efforts were made for their manumission, aiming for at least an exceptional social status for them gradually. This article will examine the regressions in the three aforementioned elements - tribe, women, and slavery - in pre-Islamic Arab society during the time of Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him until the modern era.

 Cahiliye toplumunu muhatap alan Kuran yirmi üç yılda nâzil olmuştur. Mezkûr zaman diliminde Hz. Peygamber s, insanlara tebliğde bulunmuş ve sahabe neslinin yetişmesini sağlamıştır. İnanç, örf ve âdet bakımından toplumun cahiliyeden İslâma geçişi sürece yayılmıştır. Buna mukabil Resûlullah, cahiliyeyi her zaman geri gelebilecek toplumsal veya bireysel olgu olarak kabul ederek ashâbını dikkatli olmaları hususunda uyarmıştır. Bu geriye gidişler sosyal nizamın temelinde yer alan kabile, kadın ve köle üzerinden okunabilir. Nitekim Hz. Muhammedin s vefatından sonra katı kabilecilik anlayışından kaynaklı ridde hadiseleri vuku bulmuştur. Aynı şekilde tarih boyunca kavmiyetçilik, özelde İslâm ümmetinin genelde ise insanlığın problemi olmuştur. İslâm, anneliğe kutsiyet atfederek cahiliye âdeti olarak kadınlığa yönelik olumsuz algıyı da hüküm olarak ortadan kaldırmıştır. Ancak süreç içerisinde kız çocuklarına ve hanımlara bakışta eskiye dönüşler meydana gelmiştir. Hz. Peygamber zamanında köleci toplumdan köleli topluma geçiş yaşanmış; onların azat edilmek suretiyle süreç içerisinde en azından istisnai bir sosyal statü olması hedeflenmiştir. Bu makalede İslâm öncesi Arap toplumunda kabile, kadın ve köleliğin Hz. Peygamber s zamanında geçirdiği değişim merkeze alınarak modern döneme kadar adı geçen üç ögedeki geriye gidişler panoramik biçimde ele alınacaktır.

Makale detayları

The Cycle of Jāhiliyya: Tribe, Women, and Slavery

Yazarlar:

Halil Ortakcı

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Siyer Dergisi Issue Cahiliye Özel Sayısı, pp.92-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333707

pISSN:

2687-5810

Sirah

Jāhiliyya

Tribalism

Tribe

Women

SlaverySiyer

Cahiliye

Döngüsellik

Kabile

Kadın

Köle

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Halil Ortakcı

Yayıncı: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: Akademik Siyer Dergisi Issue Cahiliye Özel Sayısı, pp.92-108

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333707

pISSN: 2687-5810

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Halil Ortakcı

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Tarihi | Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Akademik Siyer Dergisi Issue Cahiliye Özel Sayısı, pp.92-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333707

pISSN:

2687-5810