FORMS OF SOME WORDS ATTESTED AS VERBS IN OLD TURKIC IN TUVAN TURKISH

Fatoş Karadağ Toprak

Makale detayları

FORMS OF SOME WORDS ATTESTED AS VERBS IN OLD TURKIC IN TUVAN TURKISH

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Karadağ Toprak

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Doğu (Altay | Hakas | Tuva | Saha/Yakut) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Türkoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 1, pp.133-146

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348027

pISSN:

2587-1900

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Turkish language has been spoken and maintained its existence for centuries by spreading over a wide geography. The Old Turkic period, which is the first period of the written language of Turkish witnessed through texts, is quite rich in terms of vocabulary. The vocabulary of a language is a concept that includes all the words, terms, idioms, compound words and their meanings in a language. In other words, the vocabulary of a language refers to the total of the existing words in that language. These words can be both those that emerged in the historical processes of the language and newly used terms. An important part of the vocabulary that contains many elements is formed by verbs. It is seen that many of the verbs witnessed in Old Turkic continue their existence in todays languages and dialects. Some of them do not directly survive today, but the nouns derived from them continue their existence. Within the scope of this study, the verbs in Tuvan Turkish, one of the Turkish languages spoken in the Southern Siberian Region that carries the archaic features of Old Turkic, were examined. Within the scope of the study, 1466 Old Turkic headword verbs were examined and whether they continue their existence in Tuvan Turkish was examined. Many of the verbs in Old Turkic are witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, while there are nouns that exist in Old Turkic, but are not witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, but are derived from them. This situation shows that Old Turkic verbs can be followed as nouns even if they are not preserved in Tuvan Turkish, one of the modern Turkish languages. This situation brings to mind the possibility that some of the verbs may have been used in Tuvan Turkish for a while, but were forgotten over time, leaving only the derived noun. At the same time, there are cases in Tuvan Turkish where the noun associated with the verb or the noun from which the verb is derived is present, but the verb is not witnessed. It is seen that 11 verbs covering both of these situations continue to exist as nouns in Tuvan Turkish. The verbs examined are given their meanings determined in the etymological dictionaries of Old Turkic, and their usage is exemplified. The noun determined in Tuvan Turkish was also witnessed with a sentence selected from the sample after being interpreted through dictionaries. As is known, Altai and Khakas Turkish are among the South Siberian Turkish dialects, which Tuvan Turkish is also included in. The status of the Old Turkic verbs identified within the scope of the study was also examined in these two dialects. In this way, it was aimed to shed light on dialect studies in terms of the traceability of the verbs.

 The Turkish language has been spoken and maintained its existence for centuries by spreading over a wide geography. The Old Turkic period, which is the first period of the written language of Turkish witnessed through texts, is quite rich in terms of vocabulary. The vocabulary of a language is a concept that includes all the words, terms, idioms, compound words and their meanings in a language. In other words, the vocabulary of a language refers to the total of the existing words in that language. These words can be both those that emerged in the historical processes of the language and newly used terms. An important part of the vocabulary that contains many elements is formed by verbs. It is seen that many of the verbs witnessed in Old Turkic continue their existence in todays languages and dialects. Some of them do not directly survive today, but the nouns derived from them continue their existence. Within the scope of this study, the verbs in Tuvan Turkish, one of the Turkish languages spoken in the Southern Siberian Region that carries the archaic features of Old Turkic, were examined. Within the scope of the study, 1466 Old Turkic headword verbs were examined and whether they continue their existence in Tuvan Turkish was examined. Many of the verbs in Old Turkic are witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, while there are nouns that exist in Old Turkic, but are not witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, but are derived from them. This situation shows that Old Turkic verbs can be followed as nouns even if they are not preserved in Tuvan Turkish, one of the modern Turkish languages. This situation brings to mind the possibility that some of the verbs may have been used in Tuvan Turkish for a while, but were forgotten over time, leaving only the derived noun. At the same time, there are cases in Tuvan Turkish where the noun associated with the verb or the noun from which the verb is derived is present, but the verb is not witnessed. It is seen that 11 verbs covering both of these situations continue to exist as nouns in Tuvan Turkish. The verbs examined are given their meanings determined in the etymological dictionaries of Old Turkic, and their usage is exemplified. The noun determined in Tuvan Turkish was also witnessed with a sentence selected from the sample after being interpreted through dictionaries. As is known, Altai and Khakas Turkish are among the South Siberian Turkish dialects, which Tuvan Turkish is also included in. The status of the Old Turkic verbs identified within the scope of the study was also examined in these two dialects. In this way, it was aimed to shed light on dialect studies in terms of the traceability of the verbs.

 The Turkish language has been spoken and maintained its existence for centuries by spreading over a wide geography. The Old Turkic period, which is the first period of the written language of Turkish witnessed through texts, is quite rich in terms of vocabulary. The vocabulary of a language is a concept that includes all the words, terms, idioms, compound words and their meanings in a language. In other words, the vocabulary of a language refers to the total of the existing words in that language. These words can be both those that emerged in the historical processes of the language and newly used terms. An important part of the vocabulary that contains many elements is formed by verbs. It is seen that many of the verbs witnessed in Old Turkic continue their existence in todays languages and dialects. Some of them do not directly survive today, but the nouns derived from them continue their existence. Within the scope of this study, the verbs in Tuvan Turkish, one of the Turkish languages spoken in the Southern Siberian Region that carries the archaic features of Old Turkic, were examined. Within the scope of the study, 1466 Old Turkic headword verbs were examined and whether they continue their existence in Tuvan Turkish was examined. Many of the verbs in Old Turkic are witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, while there are nouns that exist in Old Turkic, but are not witnessed in Tuvan Turkish, but are derived from them. This situation shows that Old Turkic verbs can be followed as nouns even if they are not preserved in Tuvan Turkish, one of the modern Turkish languages. This situation brings to mind the possibility that some of the verbs may have been used in Tuvan Turkish for a while, but were forgotten over time, leaving only the derived noun. At the same time, there are cases in Tuvan Turkish where the noun associated with the verb or the noun from which the verb is derived is present, but the verb is not witnessed. It is seen that 11 verbs covering both of these situations continue to exist as nouns in Tuvan Turkish. The verbs examined are given their meanings determined in the etymological dictionaries of Old Turkic, and their usage is exemplified. The noun determined in Tuvan Turkish was also witnessed with a sentence selected from the sample after being interpreted through dictionaries. As is known, Altai and Khakas Turkish are among the South Siberian Turkish dialects, which Tuvan Turkish is also included in. The status of the Old Turkic verbs identified within the scope of the study was also examined in these two dialects. In this way, it was aimed to shed light on dialect studies in terms of the traceability of the verbs.

 Türk dili geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılarak asırlar boyunca konuşulmuş, varlığını sürdürmüştür. Türkçenin metinlerle tanıklanan yazı dilinin ilk dönemi olan Eski Türkçe dönemi söz varlığı bakımından oldukça zengindir. Dilin söz varlığı, bir dilin içinde yer alan tüm kelimeler, terimler, deyimler, birleşik kelimeler ve bunların anlamlarını kapsayan bir kavramdır. Yani, bir dilin söz varlığı, o dildeki mevcut kelimelerin toplamını ifade eder. Bu kelimeler, hem dilin tarihsel süreçlerinde ortaya çıkmış olanlar hem de yeni kullanılan terimler olabilir. Pek çok unsuru içerisinde barındıran söz varlığının önemli bir parçasını da fiiller oluşturmaktadır. Eski Türkçede tanıklanan fiillerin pek çoğunun günümüz dil ve lehçelerinde de varlığını sürdürdüğü görülmektedir. Bir kısmı ise günümüzde doğrudan yaşamamakta onlardan türeyen isimlerin varlığını sürdürdüğü görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında da Eski Türkçenin arkaik özelliklerini taşıyan Güney Sibirya Bölgesinde konuşulan Türk dillerinden birisi olan Tuva Türkçesindeki fiiller incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 1466 Eski Türkçe madde başı fiil incelenerek Tuva Türkçesinde varlığını sürdürüp sürmediği incelenmiştir. Eski Türkçedeki fiillerin pek çoğu Tuva Türkçesinde tanıklanırken Eski Türkçede var olan Tuva Türkçesinde tanıklanmayan ancak onlardan türemiş olan isimlerin varlığına rastlanmaktadır. Bu durum Eski Türkçe fiillerinin günümüz Türk dillerinden biri olan Tuva Türkçesinde korunmasa bile isim olarak takip edilebilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum fiillerin bazılarının Tuva Türkçesinde bir dönem kullanılmış olabileceği, ancak zamanla unutulduğu ve geriye yalnızca türetilen ismin kaldığı ihtimalini akla getirmektedir. Aynı zamanda Tuva Türkçesinde fiille ilişkili ismin ya da fiilin türediği isim mevcut iken fiilin tanıklanmadığı durumlar da vardır. Bu her iki durumu kapsayan 11 fiilin Tuva Türkçesinde isim olarak varlığını sürdürdüğü görülmektedir. İncelenen fiiller eski Türkçenin etimolojik sözlüklerinde tespit edilen anlamları verilerek kullanımları örneklendirilmiştir. Tuva Türkçesinde de tespit edilen isim sözlükler yoluyla anlamlandırılarak örneklemden seçilen bir cümle ile tanıklanmıştır. Bilindiği üzere Tuva Türkçesinin de dâhil olduğu Güney Sibirya Türk lehçeleri arasında Altay ve Hakas Türkçeleri yer almaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında tespit edilen eski Türkçe madde başı fiillerin bu iki lehçedeki durumuna da bakılmıştır. Böylelikle fiillerin takip edebilirliği açısından lehçe çalışmalarına ışık tutması amaçlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

FORMS OF SOME WORDS ATTESTED AS VERBS IN OLD TURKIC IN TUVAN TURKISH

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Karadağ Toprak

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Doğu (Altay | Hakas | Tuva | Saha/Yakut) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Türkoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 1, pp.133-146

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348027

pISSN:

2587-1900

Old Turkic

Tuvan Turkish

Verb

Vocabulary

Contemporary Turkish DialectsEski Türkçe

Tuva Türkçesi

Fiil

Söz Varlığı

Çağdaş Türk Lehçeleri

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatoş Karadağ Toprak

Yayıncı: Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar: Kuzey-Doğu (Altay | Hakas | Tuva | Saha/Yakut) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi: Çukurova Üniversitesi Türkoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 1, pp.133-146

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001348027

pISSN: 2587-1900

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Karadağ Toprak

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kuzey-Doğu (Altay | Hakas | Tuva | Saha/Yakut) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Türkoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.10 Issue 1, pp.133-146

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348027

pISSN:

2587-1900