Karl R. Popper’s Approach to Immanuel Kant’s Critical Rationalism

Mine Kaya Keha

Makale detayları

Karl R. Popper’s Approach to Immanuel Kant’s Critical Rationalism

Yazarlar:

Mine Kaya Keha

Yayıncı:

Gumushane University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bilim Felsefesi

Dergi:

Mavi Atlas Vol.13 Issue 1, pp.223-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346390

pISSN:

2148-5232

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study, which examines the approach of Karl R. Popper 1902-1994 to the critical rationalism of Immanuel Kant 1724-1804, one of the philosophers who was influential in his critical rationalist philosophy, points to some of Poppers criticisms of Kants critical rationalism. While Popper states in almost all of his works that Kant had a great influence on the emergence of his own critical rationalist philosophy, he also seriously criticizes his critical rationalism, especially in terms of its epistemological foundations. Kants view that science is an episteme or that knowledge is a representation of truth constitutes the focus of Poppers criticisms of Kant. He argues that the source of Kants epistemological mistake is his unwavering belief in the truth of Newtonian physics, thus pointing out that Kants mistake stems from his ordinary historical situation and emphasizing the legitimacy of his own critical rationalism together with Einsteinian physics. He emphasizes that he does not think that Newtonian physics has been completely falsified, but that it remains an acceptable scientific assumption. He argues that, just like Newtonian physics, Kants epistemology is an epistemological theory that is correct in a limited area, and that his own critical rationality complements Kants critical rationality. Instead of the holistic and verificationist perspective of Kants epistemology, which seeks certainty in knowledge, Popper approaches his own critical rationality with a biological approach, while giving a very important place to natural selection in Darwins biological theory in his own falsificationist and counter-inductive epistemology. It is clear that the Socratic unknowability thesis, Einsteinian physics theory and Darwinian biology theory have influenced the emergence of Poppers perspective. These three views distinguish Popperian critical rationality from Kantian critical rationality. Within this framework, the differences between Poppers critical rationality and Kantian critical rationality will be revealed in the article.

 This study, which examines the approach of Karl R. Popper 1902-1994 to the critical rationalism of Immanuel Kant 1724-1804, one of the philosophers who was influential in his critical rationalist philosophy, points to some of Poppers criticisms of Kants critical rationalism. While Popper states in almost all of his works that Kant had a great influence on the emergence of his own critical rationalist philosophy, he also seriously criticizes his critical rationalism, especially in terms of its epistemological foundations. Kants view that science is an episteme or that knowledge is a representation of truth constitutes the focus of Poppers criticisms of Kant. He argues that the source of Kants epistemological mistake is his unwavering belief in the truth of Newtonian physics, thus pointing out that Kants mistake stems from his ordinary historical situation and emphasizing the legitimacy of his own critical rationalism together with Einsteinian physics. He emphasizes that he does not think that Newtonian physics has been completely falsified, but that it remains an acceptable scientific assumption. He argues that, just like Newtonian physics, Kants epistemology is an epistemological theory that is correct in a limited area, and that his own critical rationality complements Kants critical rationality. Instead of the holistic and verificationist perspective of Kants epistemology, which seeks certainty in knowledge, Popper approaches his own critical rationality with a biological approach, while giving a very important place to natural selection in Darwins biological theory in his own falsificationist and counter-inductive epistemology. It is clear that the Socratic unknowability thesis, Einsteinian physics theory and Darwinian biology theory have influenced the emergence of Poppers perspective. These three views distinguish Popperian critical rationality from Kantian critical rationality. Within this framework, the differences between Poppers critical rationality and Kantian critical rationality will be revealed in the article.

 This study, which examines the approach of Karl R. Popper 1902-1994 to the critical rationalism of Immanuel Kant 1724-1804, one of the philosophers who was influential in his critical rationalist philosophy, points to some of Poppers criticisms of Kants critical rationalism. While Popper states in almost all of his works that Kant had a great influence on the emergence of his own critical rationalist philosophy, he also seriously criticizes his critical rationalism, especially in terms of its epistemological foundations. Kants view that science is an episteme or that knowledge is a representation of truth constitutes the focus of Poppers criticisms of Kant. He argues that the source of Kants epistemological mistake is his unwavering belief in the truth of Newtonian physics, thus pointing out that Kants mistake stems from his ordinary historical situation and emphasizing the legitimacy of his own critical rationalism together with Einsteinian physics. He emphasizes that he does not think that Newtonian physics has been completely falsified, but that it remains an acceptable scientific assumption. He argues that, just like Newtonian physics, Kants epistemology is an epistemological theory that is correct in a limited area, and that his own critical rationality complements Kants critical rationality. Instead of the holistic and verificationist perspective of Kants epistemology, which seeks certainty in knowledge, Popper approaches his own critical rationality with a biological approach, while giving a very important place to natural selection in Darwins biological theory in his own falsificationist and counter-inductive epistemology. It is clear that the Socratic unknowability thesis, Einsteinian physics theory and Darwinian biology theory have influenced the emergence of Poppers perspective. These three views distinguish Popperian critical rationality from Kantian critical rationality. Within this framework, the differences between Poppers critical rationality and Kantian critical rationality will be revealed in the article.

 Karl R. Popperın 1902-1994 eleştirel akılcı felsefesinde etkili olan filozoflardan Immanuel Kantın 1724-1804 eleştirel akılcılığına yaklaşımının ele alındığı bu çalışma, Popperın Kantın eleştirel akılcılığına yönelik eleştirilerinden bir bölümüne işaret etmektedir. Popper neredeyse tüm eserlerinde kendi eleştirel akılcı felsefesinin ortaya çıkışında Kantın etkisinin çok büyük olduğunu ifade etmekle birlikte onun eleştirel akılcılığını özellikle de epistemolojik dayanakları bakımından ciddi düzeyde eleştirmektedir. Kantın bilimi episteme ya da bilginin hakikatin temsili olduğu görüşü Popperın Kanta yönelik eleştirilerinin odağını oluşturmaktadır. Kantın epistemolojik olarak yaptığı bu hatanın kaynağında onun Newton fiziğinin doğruluğuna beslediği sarsılmaz inancın olduğunu ileri sürmekte dolayısıyla Kantın hatasının olağan tarihsel durumundan kaynaklandığına işaret ederek Einstein fiziği ile birlikte kendi eleştirel akılcılığının haklılığına vurgu yapmaktadır. Newton fiziğinin tamamıyla yanlışlanmış olduğunu düşünmediğini ancak kabul edilebilir bilimsel bir varsayım olarak varlığını koruduğunun altını çizmektedir. Tıpkı Newton fiziğinde olduğu gibi Kant epistemolojisinin de sınırlı bir alanda doğru olan epistemolojik bir teori olduğunu ve kendi eleştirel akılcılığının Kantın eleştirel akılcılığını tamamladığını ileri sürmektedir. Kantın epistemolojisinin bütünselci ve bilgide kesinlik arayışı içinde olan doğrulamacı perspektifi yerine Popper kendi eleştirel akılcılığını biyolojik bir yaklaşımla ele alırken, Darwinin biyolojik kuramındaki doğal seçilimi, kendi yanlışlamacı ve karşı tümevarımcı epistemolojisinde oldukça önemli bir yer vermektedir. Popperın perspektifinin ortaya çıkışında Sokratesçi bilinemezlik tezi, Einsteincı fizik kuramı ve Darwinci biyoloji kuramının etkisi olduğu açıktır. Bu üç görüş Poppercı eleştirel akılcılığı Kantçı eleştirel akılcılıktan ayırmaktadır. Bu çerçeve içinde Popperın eleştirel akılcılığının Kantçı eleştirel akılcılıktan farklılıkları makalede ortaya koyulacaktır.

Makale detayları

Karl R. Popper’s Approach to Immanuel Kant’s Critical Rationalism

Yazarlar:

Mine Kaya Keha

Yayıncı:

Gumushane University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bilim Felsefesi

Dergi:

Mavi Atlas Vol.13 Issue 1, pp.223-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346390

pISSN:

2148-5232

Evolutionary epistemology

Natural selection

Development of scienceEvrimsel epistemoloji

Doğal seçilim

Bilimin gelişimi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Karl R. Popper’s Approach to Immanuel Kant’s Critical Rationalism

Yazarlar: Mine Kaya Keha

Yayıncı: Gumushane University

Ana Başlıklar: Bilim Felsefesi

Dergi: Mavi Atlas Vol.13 Issue 1, pp.223-240

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001346390

pISSN: 2148-5232

Evolutionary epistemology

Natural selection

Development of scienceEvrimsel epistemoloji

Doğal seçilim

Bilimin gelişimi

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mine Kaya Keha

Yayıncı:

Gumushane University

Ana Başlıklar:

Bilim Felsefesi

Dergi:

Mavi Atlas Vol.13 Issue 1, pp.223-240

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346390

pISSN:

2148-5232