Gravstones in Antakya Grand and İhsaniye Mosque Cemeteries

Burak Muhammet Gökler

Makale detayları

Gravstones in Antakya Grand and İhsaniye Mosque Cemeteries

Yazarlar:

Burak Muhammet Gökler

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Dergi:

İSTEM Issue 45, pp.203-238

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353649

pISSN:

1304-0618

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the historical process, people have developed burial traditions in line with their beliefs. The belief in the hereafter and the importance given to the dead have also been effective in shaping the graves. This issue has a special importance in Turkish-Islamic states. The graves and cemeteries made after the death of the deceased person have become a culture and a work of art. Each grave stands out in terms of reflecting the cultural and traditional environment of the period. It also contributes to the history of the region. Antakya, located in the Mediterranean Region, stands out with its historical and geographical features. It has hosted different states with its historical past dating back to the Middle Paleolithic period. Antakya, which was under the control of the Umayyads, Abbasids, Tolunids, Ikhshidids, Hamdanids and Mamluks, was included in the Ottoman borders during Yavuz Sultan Selims Egyptian expedition. Each region in Anatolia has different characteristics and cultures. During the Ottoman Empire, many mosques, masjids, baths and fountains were built in the region. The graves and gravestones located in the hazirs of mosques and tombs are important both as evidence of the existence of the Ottoman Empire and as evidence that reveals important names in the region.Prior to February 6, 2023, eleven graves belonging to the Ottoman period were identified in the treasuries of Ulu Mosque and Ihsaniye Mosque, which are among the most important mosques of the region. These gravestones from the XIXth and XXth centuries were examined on site, measured, photographed and recorded. The photographs were then digitally cleaned and drawings were made to better understand the decorations and compositions on them. After the earthquake, Ulu and Ihsaniye Mosques collapsed on their treasuries, destroying the graves and tombstones. Therefore, it is necessary to publish grave markers that will contribute to the history and culture of the region.

 In the historical process, people have developed burial traditions in line with their beliefs. The belief in the hereafter and the importance given to the dead have also been effective in shaping the graves. This issue has a special importance in Turkish-Islamic states. The graves and cemeteries made after the death of the deceased person have become a culture and a work of art. Each grave stands out in terms of reflecting the cultural and traditional environment of the period. It also contributes to the history of the region. Antakya, located in the Mediterranean Region, stands out with its historical and geographical features. It has hosted different states with its historical past dating back to the Middle Paleolithic period. Antakya, which was under the control of the Umayyads, Abbasids, Tolunids, Ikhshidids, Hamdanids and Mamluks, was included in the Ottoman borders during Yavuz Sultan Selims Egyptian expedition. Each region in Anatolia has different characteristics and cultures. During the Ottoman Empire, many mosques, masjids, baths and fountains were built in the region. The graves and gravestones located in the hazirs of mosques and tombs are important both as evidence of the existence of the Ottoman Empire and as evidence that reveals important names in the region.Prior to February 6, 2023, eleven graves belonging to the Ottoman period were identified in the treasuries of Ulu Mosque and Ihsaniye Mosque, which are among the most important mosques of the region. These gravestones from the XIXth and XXth centuries were examined on site, measured, photographed and recorded. The photographs were then digitally cleaned and drawings were made to better understand the decorations and compositions on them. After the earthquake, Ulu and Ihsaniye Mosques collapsed on their treasuries, destroying the graves and tombstones. Therefore, it is necessary to publish grave markers that will contribute to the history and culture of the region.

 In the historical process, people have developed burial traditions in line with their beliefs. The belief in the hereafter and the importance given to the dead have also been effective in shaping the graves. This issue has a special importance in Turkish-Islamic states. The graves and cemeteries made after the death of the deceased person have become a culture and a work of art. Each grave stands out in terms of reflecting the cultural and traditional environment of the period. It also contributes to the history of the region. Antakya, located in the Mediterranean Region, stands out with its historical and geographical features. It has hosted different states with its historical past dating back to the Middle Paleolithic period. Antakya, which was under the control of the Umayyads, Abbasids, Tolunids, Ikhshidids, Hamdanids and Mamluks, was included in the Ottoman borders during Yavuz Sultan Selims Egyptian expedition. Each region in Anatolia has different characteristics and cultures. During the Ottoman Empire, many mosques, masjids, baths and fountains were built in the region. The graves and gravestones located in the hazirs of mosques and tombs are important both as evidence of the existence of the Ottoman Empire and as evidence that reveals important names in the region.Prior to February 6, 2023, eleven graves belonging to the Ottoman period were identified in the treasuries of Ulu Mosque and Ihsaniye Mosque, which are among the most important mosques of the region. These gravestones from the XIXth and XXth centuries were examined on site, measured, photographed and recorded. The photographs were then digitally cleaned and drawings were made to better understand the decorations and compositions on them. After the earthquake, Ulu and Ihsaniye Mosques collapsed on their treasuries, destroying the graves and tombstones. Therefore, it is necessary to publish grave markers that will contribute to the history and culture of the region.

 Tarihsel süreç içerisinde insanlar inançları doğrultusunda ölü gömme gelenekleri geliştirmişlerdir. Ahiret inancı ve ölüye verilen önem mezarların şekillenmesinde de etkili olmuştur. Türk-İslam devletlerinde bu konu ayrı bir önem teşkil etmektedir. Ölen kişinin ardından yapılan törenler ve mezarlar bir kültür haline gelmiş ve sanatsal bir eser niteliğine ulaşmıştır. Her mezar, dönemin kültürel ve geleneksel ortamını yansıtması bakımından öne çıkmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bölgenin tarihine de katkı sağlamaktadır. Akdeniz Bölgesinde yer alan Antakya, tarihi ve coğrafi özellikleri ile ön plana çıkmaktadır. Orta Paleolitik döneme kadar uzanan tarihi geçmişi ile farklı devletlere ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Emeviler, Abbasiler, Tolunoğulları, İhşidiler, Hamdaniler ve Memlüklerin kontrolünde olan Antakya, Yavuz Sultan Selimin Mısır seferi sırasında Osmanlı sınırlarına dahil olmuştur. Anadoluda her bölge kendi içinde farklı özellikler ve kültür barındırmaktadır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde bölgede birçok cami, mescit, hamam ve çeşme inşa edilmiştir. Cami ve türbelerin hazirelerinde yer alan mezarlar ve mezar taşları hem Osmanlı Devletinin varlığını belgeleyen hem de bölgedeki önemli isimleri ortaya çıkaran birer belge niteliğindedir. 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinden önce bölgenin en önemli camileri arasında yer alan Ulu Cami ve İhsaniye Camii hazirelerinde Osmanlı dönemine ait on sekiz mezar tespit edilmiştir. XIX. ve XX. yüzyıllara ait bu mezar taşları yerinde incelenmiş, ölçüleri alınmış, fotoğraflanarak belgelenmiştir. Fotoğraflar daha sonra dijital ortamda temizlenerek üzerlerindeki süslemelerin ve kompozisyonların daha iyi anlaşılması için çizimler yapılmıştır. Depremden sonra Ulu ve İhsaniye Camileri hazireleri üzerine çökmüş, mezarlar ve mezar taşları tahrip olmuştur. Bu nedenle bölgenin tarihine ve kültürüne katkı sağlayacağı düşünülen mezar taşlarının Anadoludaki diğer örneklerle karşılaştırılarak sanat tarihi içerisindeki yerinin ve tarihsel açıdan öneminin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir.

Makale detayları

Gravstones in Antakya Grand and İhsaniye Mosque Cemeteries

Yazarlar:

Burak Muhammet Gökler

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Dergi:

İSTEM Issue 45, pp.203-238

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353649

pISSN:

1304-0618

Art History

Antakya

Grand Mosque

İhsaniye Mosque

CemeteriesSanat Tarihi

Antakya

Ulu Camii

İhsaniye Camii

Hazire

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Burak Muhammet Gökler

Yayıncı: Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Dergi: İSTEM Issue 45, pp.203-238

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001353649

pISSN: 1304-0618

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Burak Muhammet Gökler

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Sanatları (Diğer)

Dergi:

İSTEM Issue 45, pp.203-238

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001353649

pISSN:

1304-0618