“al-Ta'āruz wa al-Tarjīh” in The Methodology of Fiqh: In The Case of Imam Shātibī

Hadi Sofuoğlu

Makale detayları

“al-Ta'āruz wa al-Tarjīh” in The Methodology of Fiqh: In The Case of Imam Shātibī

Yazarlar:

Hadi Sofuoğlu

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 60, pp.15-29

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337098

pISSN:

1303-3344

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This article will focus on the method developed and named prefer-ence al-Tarjīh to resolve the conflict and choose one of the evidences in the event of a conflict al-Taāruz in the methodology of jurisprudence. From the early periods, a vast literature has emerged where the conflicts that occur both within and between rational and transmitted evidences are discussed and the ways to resolve the conflict between them are shown in practice. One of the methodologists who addressed this issue is Imam al-Shātibī. In the meth-odology of jurisprudence, al-taāruz, which literally means conflict and contra-diction, refers to the confrontation of two equal pieces of evidence in the usul al-fiqh in such a way that one of them eliminates the ruling of the other. Ac-cording to many jurists, it is not possible to have a contradiction between the basic evidences of jurisprudence Quran and Sunnah in the real sense. al-Shātibī also shares this view. When it comes to jurisprudential evidences, the contradiction is not about the essence, but superficial. Jurists have developed many different methods to resolve this superficial contradiction. The prefer-ence method in the case of al-taāruz is a method that al-Shātibī also suggested to overcome the problems that jurists often encounter when they make ijtihad and especially insisted on his famous work of jurisprudence methodology, al-Muwāfaqāt. This article is a descriptive literature study, a source research that aims to reveal how a method is followed to resolve the contradiction between evidences in the methodology of jurisprudence and what is meant by the concepts of al-Taāruz wa al-Tarjīh based on al-Shātibīs book al-Muwāfaqāt. According to al-Shātibī, there is no real al-Taāruz contradiction between the texts. However, there may be conflicting perspectives among the mujtahids in understanding the texts. A deep and universal study should be made on the evidences that seem contradictory at first glance by the mujta-hids. Since the sensitivities and intelligences of the mujtahids differ from each other due to their being human, this situation causes conflicts to arise in the view of the evidences among the mujtahids, in understanding and interpreting them. Here, al-Shātibī suggests the use of the preference al-Tarjīh method he developed to find a solution to this problem and thus he wants to deter-mine the strongest and preferable one among the texts that seem contradictory.

 This article will focus on the method developed and named prefer-ence al-Tarjīh to resolve the conflict and choose one of the evidences in the event of a conflict al-Taāruz in the methodology of jurisprudence. From the early periods, a vast literature has emerged where the conflicts that occur both within and between rational and transmitted evidences are discussed and the ways to resolve the conflict between them are shown in practice. One of the methodologists who addressed this issue is Imam al-Shātibī. In the meth-odology of jurisprudence, al-taāruz, which literally means conflict and contra-diction, refers to the confrontation of two equal pieces of evidence in the usul al-fiqh in such a way that one of them eliminates the ruling of the other. Ac-cording to many jurists, it is not possible to have a contradiction between the basic evidences of jurisprudence Quran and Sunnah in the real sense. al-Shātibī also shares this view. When it comes to jurisprudential evidences, the contradiction is not about the essence, but superficial. Jurists have developed many different methods to resolve this superficial contradiction. The prefer-ence method in the case of al-taāruz is a method that al-Shātibī also suggested to overcome the problems that jurists often encounter when they make ijtihad and especially insisted on his famous work of jurisprudence methodology, al-Muwāfaqāt. This article is a descriptive literature study, a source research that aims to reveal how a method is followed to resolve the contradiction between evidences in the methodology of jurisprudence and what is meant by the concepts of al-Taāruz wa al-Tarjīh based on al-Shātibīs book al-Muwāfaqāt. According to al-Shātibī, there is no real al-Taāruz contradiction between the texts. However, there may be conflicting perspectives among the mujtahids in understanding the texts. A deep and universal study should be made on the evidences that seem contradictory at first glance by the mujta-hids. Since the sensitivities and intelligences of the mujtahids differ from each other due to their being human, this situation causes conflicts to arise in the view of the evidences among the mujtahids, in understanding and interpreting them. Here, al-Shātibī suggests the use of the preference al-Tarjīh method he developed to find a solution to this problem and thus he wants to deter-mine the strongest and preferable one among the texts that seem contradictory.

 This article will focus on the method developed and named prefer-ence al-Tarjīh to resolve the conflict and choose one of the evidences in the event of a conflict al-Taāruz in the methodology of jurisprudence. From the early periods, a vast literature has emerged where the conflicts that occur both within and between rational and transmitted evidences are discussed and the ways to resolve the conflict between them are shown in practice. One of the methodologists who addressed this issue is Imam al-Shātibī. In the meth-odology of jurisprudence, al-taāruz, which literally means conflict and contra-diction, refers to the confrontation of two equal pieces of evidence in the usul al-fiqh in such a way that one of them eliminates the ruling of the other. Ac-cording to many jurists, it is not possible to have a contradiction between the basic evidences of jurisprudence Quran and Sunnah in the real sense. al-Shātibī also shares this view. When it comes to jurisprudential evidences, the contradiction is not about the essence, but superficial. Jurists have developed many different methods to resolve this superficial contradiction. The prefer-ence method in the case of al-taāruz is a method that al-Shātibī also suggested to overcome the problems that jurists often encounter when they make ijtihad and especially insisted on his famous work of jurisprudence methodology, al-Muwāfaqāt. This article is a descriptive literature study, a source research that aims to reveal how a method is followed to resolve the contradiction between evidences in the methodology of jurisprudence and what is meant by the concepts of al-Taāruz wa al-Tarjīh based on al-Shātibīs book al-Muwāfaqāt. According to al-Shātibī, there is no real al-Taāruz contradiction between the texts. However, there may be conflicting perspectives among the mujtahids in understanding the texts. A deep and universal study should be made on the evidences that seem contradictory at first glance by the mujta-hids. Since the sensitivities and intelligences of the mujtahids differ from each other due to their being human, this situation causes conflicts to arise in the view of the evidences among the mujtahids, in understanding and interpreting them. Here, al-Shātibī suggests the use of the preference al-Tarjīh method he developed to find a solution to this problem and thus he wants to deter-mine the strongest and preferable one among the texts that seem contradictory.

 Bu makalede fıkıh usulünde delillerin çatışması, karşı karşıya gelmesi durumunda taâruz çatışmayı gidermek ve delillerden birini tercih etmek üzere geliştirilen ve tercih diye isimlendirilen yöntem üzerinde durulacaktır. İlk dönemlerden itibaren akli ve nakli delillerin hem kendi içlerinde hem da aralarında vuku bulan çelişkilerin ele alındığı ve bunlar arasındaki çelişkiyi giderme yollarının uygulamalı olarak gösterildiği geniş bir literatür ortaya çıkmıştır. İşte bu konuyu ele alan usulcülerden biri de İmam Şâtıbîdir. Kelime anlamı itibariyle, çatışma ve çelişki gibi anlamlara gelen taâruz, fıkıh usulünde iki eşit delil-den birinin diğerinin hükmünü ortadan kaldıracak şekilde karşı karşıya gelmesini ifade etmektedir. Gerçek manada fıkhın temel delilleri Kuran ve Sünnet arasında bir çelişkinin bulunması birçok fakihe göre mümkün değildir. Şâtıbî de bu görüşü paylaşmaktadır. Fıkhi deliller söz konusu olduğunda çelişki daha çok öze dair değil yüzeyseldir. Fakihler söz konusu yüzeysel çelişkiyi gidermek için birbirinden farklı birçok yöntem geliştirmiştir. Taâruz durumunda tercih yöntemi fakihlerin içtihat ettiklerinde sıklıkla karşılaştıkları sorunların üstesinden gelmek için Şâtıbî tarafından da önerilen ve özellikle meşhur fıkıh usulü eseri el-Muvâfakâtta üzerinde hassasiyetle durduğu bir metottur. Bu makale, fıkıh usulünde deliller arası çelişkiyi gidermek için nasıl bir yöntem takip edildiğini Şâtıbînin el-Muvâfakât adlı kitabı özelinde ele almayı ve taâruz ve terciḥ kavramlarından ne kastedildiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan betimsel bir litera-tür çalışması, kaynak araştırmasıdır. Sâtıbîye göre nasslar arasında gerçek manada bir taâruz çelişki bulunmaz. Ancak nassları anlamada müçtehitler arasında çelişkili bakış açıları bulunabilir. İlk bakışta çelişkili gibi görünen deliller üzerine müçtehitler tarafından derin ve evrensel bir çalışma yapılmalıdır. Müçtehitlerin söz konusu hassasiyetleri ve zekâları insan olmaları hasebiyle birbirleri arasında farklılık gösterdiğinden, bu durum müçtehitler arasında delillere bakışta, onları anlama ve yorumlamada ihtilafların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. İşte Şâtıbî, bu soruna bir çözüm bulmak için geliştirdiği tercih yönteminin kullanılmasını ve bu sayede çelişkili gibi görünen nasslar arasında en güçlü ve tercihe şayan olanın tespit edilmesini önerir.

Makale detayları

“al-Ta'āruz wa al-Tarjīh” in The Methodology of Fiqh: In The Case of Imam Shātibī

Yazarlar:

Hadi Sofuoğlu

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 60, pp.15-29

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337098

pISSN:

1303-3344

Fiqh

Evidence

al-Shātibī

al-Ta

al-TarjīhFıkıh

Delil

Şâtıbî

Ta’âruz

Tercih

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hadi Sofuoğlu

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Hukuku

Dergi: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 60, pp.15-29

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001337098

pISSN: 1303-3344

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hadi Sofuoğlu

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 60, pp.15-29

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001337098

pISSN:

1303-3344