A Study on The Concepts of Truth and Metaphor in Arabic Language and Rhetoric

Şule Ağaç

Makale detayları

A Study on The Concepts of Truth and Metaphor in Arabic Language and Rhetoric

Yazarlar:

Şule Ağaç

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.66-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320105

pISSN:

2717-610X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Varios figures of speech have been created in all language to express the purpose more healthily and effectively. One of these figures of speech is undoubtedly the concepts of truth and metaphor. These concepts are present in all languages in general and are one of the most prominent subjects of the Arabic language they are also important and form the basis of many literary arts. However, the Arabic language, like all other languages, contains great riches and weaknesses within itself. While this great wealth is the breadth of the vocabulary, its weakness is that it lacks concepts and words that appeal to every emotion and thought of human beings. The Arabic language compensates fort his weakness with some artistic expressions. The most basic of these creative expressions are, of course. Two opposing but complementary concepts, which are the concepts of truth and metaphor, which are the subject of our article. As a matter of fact, when we consider that the Holy Quran is a book sent down to the Arabic language, it will be understood how important the concepts of truth and metaphor are in understanding the Holy Quran. However, verses containing metaphors have caused some controversy in history and today. For some, the verse expresses metaphor, and for others, it may express truth. For example; In the linguistic tradition, there have been those who claimed that metaphor does not exist in the Holy Quran since it means that it is a lie becaause it cconstitues the opposite of the concept of truth, and since lies can not be included in the Holy Quran. In our study, we tried to negate these views with the examples we brought from the Holy Quran of truth and metaphor. It shuold be known that, apart from the true meanings of the verses of the Holy Quran, there are many meanings intended by our Lord. Thesee meanings are just one reason the Holy Quran is universal. This being the case, these two concepts must be understood correctly in order to determine whether the expressions in the Holy Quran are literal or figurative. Therefore, thesse two concepts are of great importance as they fall into the research fieeld of both linguistics and tafsir sciences. However, despite their importance, truth and metaphor are perhaps the two concepts that are least understood and whose subheadings are the most confusing.It is divided into different subheadings both in the classical and modern periods. In this study, the subheadings of the concepts of metaphor and truth in the classical period are discussed in detail and their importance in the Arabic language and rhetoric is revealed. In this sense, it should be known that the Holy Quran contains many verses containing these two concepts. In order to better understand these verses, the impotance of understanding the terms metaphor and reality has beem revealed in our aticle. Because the concepts of truth and metaphor have a structure that is unfortunately not fully understood in the field of Arabic language and rhetoric and is tiring on the mind due to the complexity of its subheading. That is confusion is because it is divided into different subheadings in the modern and classical periods. In this study, first of all, the importance of the concepts of truth and metaphor was discussed; then, the subheadings under which the concepts of truth and metaphor were divided in the classical period were examined in detail. Our study, revealed how the concepts of truth and metaphor follow each other in harmony and design.

 Varios figures of speech have been created in all language to express the purpose more healthily and effectively. One of these figures of speech is undoubtedly the concepts of truth and metaphor. These concepts are present in all languages in general and are one of the most prominent subjects of the Arabic language they are also important and form the basis of many literary arts. However, the Arabic language, like all other languages, contains great riches and weaknesses within itself. While this great wealth is the breadth of the vocabulary, its weakness is that it lacks concepts and words that appeal to every emotion and thought of human beings. The Arabic language compensates fort his weakness with some artistic expressions. The most basic of these creative expressions are, of course. Two opposing but complementary concepts, which are the concepts of truth and metaphor, which are the subject of our article. As a matter of fact, when we consider that the Holy Quran is a book sent down to the Arabic language, it will be understood how important the concepts of truth and metaphor are in understanding the Holy Quran. However, verses containing metaphors have caused some controversy in history and today. For some, the verse expresses metaphor, and for others, it may express truth. For example; In the linguistic tradition, there have been those who claimed that metaphor does not exist in the Holy Quran since it means that it is a lie becaause it cconstitues the opposite of the concept of truth, and since lies can not be included in the Holy Quran. In our study, we tried to negate these views with the examples we brought from the Holy Quran of truth and metaphor. It shuold be known that, apart from the true meanings of the verses of the Holy Quran, there are many meanings intended by our Lord. Thesee meanings are just one reason the Holy Quran is universal. This being the case, these two concepts must be understood correctly in order to determine whether the expressions in the Holy Quran are literal or figurative. Therefore, thesse two concepts are of great importance as they fall into the research fieeld of both linguistics and tafsir sciences. However, despite their importance, truth and metaphor are perhaps the two concepts that are least understood and whose subheadings are the most confusing.It is divided into different subheadings both in the classical and modern periods. In this study, the subheadings of the concepts of metaphor and truth in the classical period are discussed in detail and their importance in the Arabic language and rhetoric is revealed. In this sense, it should be known that the Holy Quran contains many verses containing these two concepts. In order to better understand these verses, the impotance of understanding the terms metaphor and reality has beem revealed in our aticle. Because the concepts of truth and metaphor have a structure that is unfortunately not fully understood in the field of Arabic language and rhetoric and is tiring on the mind due to the complexity of its subheading. That is confusion is because it is divided into different subheadings in the modern and classical periods. In this study, first of all, the importance of the concepts of truth and metaphor was discussed; then, the subheadings under which the concepts of truth and metaphor were divided in the classical period were examined in detail. Our study, revealed how the concepts of truth and metaphor follow each other in harmony and design.

 Varios figures of speech have been created in all language to express the purpose more healthily and effectively. One of these figures of speech is undoubtedly the concepts of truth and metaphor. These concepts are present in all languages in general and are one of the most prominent subjects of the Arabic language they are also important and form the basis of many literary arts. However, the Arabic language, like all other languages, contains great riches and weaknesses within itself. While this great wealth is the breadth of the vocabulary, its weakness is that it lacks concepts and words that appeal to every emotion and thought of human beings. The Arabic language compensates fort his weakness with some artistic expressions. The most basic of these creative expressions are, of course. Two opposing but complementary concepts, which are the concepts of truth and metaphor, which are the subject of our article. As a matter of fact, when we consider that the Holy Quran is a book sent down to the Arabic language, it will be understood how important the concepts of truth and metaphor are in understanding the Holy Quran. However, verses containing metaphors have caused some controversy in history and today. For some, the verse expresses metaphor, and for others, it may express truth. For example; In the linguistic tradition, there have been those who claimed that metaphor does not exist in the Holy Quran since it means that it is a lie becaause it cconstitues the opposite of the concept of truth, and since lies can not be included in the Holy Quran. In our study, we tried to negate these views with the examples we brought from the Holy Quran of truth and metaphor. It shuold be known that, apart from the true meanings of the verses of the Holy Quran, there are many meanings intended by our Lord. Thesee meanings are just one reason the Holy Quran is universal. This being the case, these two concepts must be understood correctly in order to determine whether the expressions in the Holy Quran are literal or figurative. Therefore, thesse two concepts are of great importance as they fall into the research fieeld of both linguistics and tafsir sciences. However, despite their importance, truth and metaphor are perhaps the two concepts that are least understood and whose subheadings are the most confusing.It is divided into different subheadings both in the classical and modern periods. In this study, the subheadings of the concepts of metaphor and truth in the classical period are discussed in detail and their importance in the Arabic language and rhetoric is revealed. In this sense, it should be known that the Holy Quran contains many verses containing these two concepts. In order to better understand these verses, the impotance of understanding the terms metaphor and reality has beem revealed in our aticle. Because the concepts of truth and metaphor have a structure that is unfortunately not fully understood in the field of Arabic language and rhetoric and is tiring on the mind due to the complexity of its subheading. That is confusion is because it is divided into different subheadings in the modern and classical periods. In this study, first of all, the importance of the concepts of truth and metaphor was discussed; then, the subheadings under which the concepts of truth and metaphor were divided in the classical period were examined in detail. Our study, revealed how the concepts of truth and metaphor follow each other in harmony and design.

 Bütün dillerde maksadı daha sağlıklı ve etkili ifade edebilmek için çeşitli söz sanatları irat edilmiştir. Bu söz sanatlarından biri de hiç şüphesiz ki hakikat ve mecâz kavramlarıdır. Bu kavramlar genel olarak bütün dillerde mevcut bulunan özelde ise Arap dilinin en önde gelen konularından biri olduğu gibi büyük bir önemi de haiz olup birçok edebî sanatın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Ancak Arap dili diğer tüm diller gibi kendi içerisinde büyük bir zenginlik ve zafiyet barındırmaktadır. Bu büyük zenginlik kelime haznesinin genişliği iken zafiyeti ise insanoğlunun her duygu ve düşüncesine hitap eden kavram ve kelimelerden yoksun oluşudur. İşte Arap dili bu zafiyeti içerisinde barındırdığı birtakım sanatsal ifadelerle gidermektedir. Bu sanatsal ifadelerin en temelinde elbette ki birbirine zıt olan ancak birbirini tamamlayan iki kavram öbeği gelmektedir ki bunlar makalemizin de konusu olan hakikat ve mecâz kavramlarıdır. Nitekim Kuran-ı Kerimin de Arap dili üzerine indirilmiş bir kitap olduğunu düşündüğümüzde hakikat ve mecâz kavramlarının Kuran-ı Kerimi anlamada ne derece önemli bir yer teşkil ettiği anlaşılacaktır. Ancak mecâz ihtiva eden ayetler tarihte de günümüzde de bir takım ihtilaflara sebep olmuştur. Kimilerine göre mecâz ifade eden ayet, kimine göre de hakikat ifade edebilmektedir. Örneğin; dilbilim geleneğinde mecâz, hakikat kavramının karşıtını oluşturması hasebiyle yalan demek olduğu ve Kuran-ı Kerimde de yalana yer verilemeyeceğinden mecâzın Kuran-ı Kerimde olmadığını öne sürenler olmuştur. Biz çalışmamızda hakikat ve mecâz terimlerinin Kurân-ı Kerimden getirdiğimiz örneklerle bu görüşleri değillemeye çalıştık. Bilinmelidir ki Kuran-ı Kerim âyetlerinin hakiki manaları dışında, Rabbimizin murad ettiği nice anlamlar mevcuttur. Bu anlamlar da Kuran-ı Kerimi evrensel kılan sebeplerden sadece bir tanesidir. Hâl böyle olunca, Kuran-ı Kerimdeki ifadelerin hakikat mi mecâz mı olduğunu tespit etmek için bu iki kavramın doğru bir şekilde anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Bundan dolayı bu iki kavram gerek dil bilimleri gerek de tefsir ilimlerinin araştırma alanına girdiği için çok büyük bir ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Ancak hakikat ve mecâz, bu önemine rağmen belki de en az anlaşılan ve alt başlıklarının en çok kafa karıştırdığı iki kavramdır. Gerek klasik dönemde gerek modern dönemde farklı alt başlıklara ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışmada mecâz ve hakikat kavramlarının klasik döneme hangi alt başlıklara ayrıldığı ayrıntılarıyla ele alınmış olup Arap dili ve belâgatindeki önemi ortaya konulmuştur. Bu anlamda bilinmelidir ki Kuran-ı Kerim de bu iki kavramı içeren nice ayetleri içermektedir. Bu ayetlerin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için öncelikli olarak mecâz ve hakikat terimlerinin kavranılması gerektiğinin önemi makalemizde ortaya konulmuştur. Çünkü hakikat ve mecâz kavramları, Arap dili ve belâgati alanında ne yazık ki tam anlaşılamayan ve alt başlıklarının karmaşıklığı nedeniyle zihni yoran bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu karışıklığın nedeni ise modern dönemde ve klasik dönemde farklı alt başlıklara ayrılıyor oluşundandır. Bu çalışmada öncelikli olarak hakikat ve mecâz kavramlarının önemi ele alınmış olup daha sonra klasik dönemde hakikat ve mecâz kavramları hangi alt başlıklara ayrıldığı ayrıntıları ile incelenmiştir. Nitekim yaptığımız çalışma sonucunda hakikat ve mecâz kavramlarının nasıl bir uyum ve dizayn içerisinde birbirini takip ettiği ortaya konulmuştur.

Makale detayları

A Study on The Concepts of Truth and Metaphor in Arabic Language and Rhetoric

Yazarlar:

Şule Ağaç

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.66-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320105

pISSN:

2717-610X

Arabic Language

Eloquense

‘Ilm al-Bayân

Metaphor

TruthArap Dili

Belagat

Beyan ilmi

Mecâz

Hakikat.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Şule Ağaç

Yayıncı: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar: Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi: Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.66-87

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001320105

pISSN: 2717-610X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Şule Ağaç

Yayıncı:

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Tokat İlmiyat Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 1, pp.66-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320105

pISSN:

2717-610X