Islamization in Adjara: A Social Reading Essay on Foundations

Abdullah Bay

Makale detayları

Islamization in Adjara: A Social Reading Essay on Foundations

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Bay

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Van İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 18, pp.78-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291130

pISSN:

2667-615X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Georgians acquaintance with Islam was with the first Arab raids. From the first Muslim Arab domination, Georgians started to become Muslims with cultural interaction. Islam spread especially in Eastern Georgia during the time of Muslim Arabs, Seljuks and Mongols. The spread of Islam in Western Georgia started with the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empires contact with Georgia begins with the conquest of Trabzon by Fatih Sultan Mehmed. When the Ottomans contacted the region, the geography of Georgia was divided into small kingdoms. With the conquest of Trabzon, the Georgian border was reached and in 1479, Acaristan, Borcka and Maçahel surroundings joined the Ottoman lands. On the one hand, Sukhumi was captured from the north. Then, continuing to advance in the region, Yavuz Sultan Selim paid tribute to the Kingdom of Güryel and Imeret Açıkbaş in 1508 during his governorship of Trabzon. Thus, the Ottoman borders had reached beyond the Black Sea coast into Western Georgia. As a result of the increasing relations around Adjaria, which came under Ottoman rule, Islamization began to spread rapidly among the people. Contrary to what is claimed, the spread of Islam in the region did not spread from the ruling strata to the lower, but from the popular strata to the ruling strata. This process was surprisingly fast. In the process of Islamization, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in Adjara, especially with the help of the people. The foundations operating in the region and the mosques and masjids serving under them show that, contrary to the claims of Russian and Georgian historians, Islamization took place rapidly at the beginning of the 17th century in Adjara. In this process, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in the region. In this research, based on the numerous Hurufat records belonging to Adjara, Batumi, Gönye, Çürüksu and Maçahel, the Islamization process will be evaluated by making a social reading with the data obtained from the religious structures established in the rural settlements of the Adjara geography and their officials. Evaluations were made on the Islamization process in Adjara by making a social reading.

 Georgians acquaintance with Islam was with the first Arab raids. From the first Muslim Arab domination, Georgians started to become Muslims with cultural interaction. Islam spread especially in Eastern Georgia during the time of Muslim Arabs, Seljuks and Mongols. The spread of Islam in Western Georgia started with the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empires contact with Georgia begins with the conquest of Trabzon by Fatih Sultan Mehmed. When the Ottomans contacted the region, the geography of Georgia was divided into small kingdoms. With the conquest of Trabzon, the Georgian border was reached and in 1479, Acaristan, Borcka and Maçahel surroundings joined the Ottoman lands. On the one hand, Sukhumi was captured from the north. Then, continuing to advance in the region, Yavuz Sultan Selim paid tribute to the Kingdom of Güryel and Imeret Açıkbaş in 1508 during his governorship of Trabzon. Thus, the Ottoman borders had reached beyond the Black Sea coast into Western Georgia. As a result of the increasing relations around Adjaria, which came under Ottoman rule, Islamization began to spread rapidly among the people. Contrary to what is claimed, the spread of Islam in the region did not spread from the ruling strata to the lower, but from the popular strata to the ruling strata. This process was surprisingly fast. In the process of Islamization, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in Adjara, especially with the help of the people. The foundations operating in the region and the mosques and masjids serving under them show that, contrary to the claims of Russian and Georgian historians, Islamization took place rapidly at the beginning of the 17th century in Adjara. In this process, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in the region. In this research, based on the numerous Hurufat records belonging to Adjara, Batumi, Gönye, Çürüksu and Maçahel, the Islamization process will be evaluated by making a social reading with the data obtained from the religious structures established in the rural settlements of the Adjara geography and their officials. Evaluations were made on the Islamization process in Adjara by making a social reading.

 Georgians acquaintance with Islam was with the first Arab raids. From the first Muslim Arab domination, Georgians started to become Muslims with cultural interaction. Islam spread especially in Eastern Georgia during the time of Muslim Arabs, Seljuks and Mongols. The spread of Islam in Western Georgia started with the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empires contact with Georgia begins with the conquest of Trabzon by Fatih Sultan Mehmed. When the Ottomans contacted the region, the geography of Georgia was divided into small kingdoms. With the conquest of Trabzon, the Georgian border was reached and in 1479, Acaristan, Borcka and Maçahel surroundings joined the Ottoman lands. On the one hand, Sukhumi was captured from the north. Then, continuing to advance in the region, Yavuz Sultan Selim paid tribute to the Kingdom of Güryel and Imeret Açıkbaş in 1508 during his governorship of Trabzon. Thus, the Ottoman borders had reached beyond the Black Sea coast into Western Georgia. As a result of the increasing relations around Adjaria, which came under Ottoman rule, Islamization began to spread rapidly among the people. Contrary to what is claimed, the spread of Islam in the region did not spread from the ruling strata to the lower, but from the popular strata to the ruling strata. This process was surprisingly fast. In the process of Islamization, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in Adjara, especially with the help of the people. The foundations operating in the region and the mosques and masjids serving under them show that, contrary to the claims of Russian and Georgian historians, Islamization took place rapidly at the beginning of the 17th century in Adjara. In this process, many mosques, masjids and schools were built in the region. In this research, based on the numerous Hurufat records belonging to Adjara, Batumi, Gönye, Çürüksu and Maçahel, the Islamization process will be evaluated by making a social reading with the data obtained from the religious structures established in the rural settlements of the Adjara geography and their officials. Evaluations were made on the Islamization process in Adjara by making a social reading.

 Gürcülerin İslamla tanışmaları ilk Arap akınları ile olmuştur. Daha ilk Müslüman Arap hâkimiyetinden itibaren kültürel etkileşim ile Gürcüler Müslüman olmaya başlamışlardır. Müslüman Araplar, Selçuklular, Moğollar zamanında özellikle Doğu Gürcistanda İslamiyet yayılmıştır. Batı Gürcistanda İslamın yayılışı Osmanlılar ile başlamıştır. Osmanlı Devletinin Gürcistan ile irtibat kurması ise Fatih Sultan Mehmedin Trabzonu fethi ile başlar. Osmanlılar bölge ile irtibat kurduğu sırada Gürcistan coğrafyası küçük krallıklara bölünmüş haldeydi. Trabzonun fethi ile Gürcistan sınırına ulaşılmış ve 1479da Acaristan, Borçka ve Maçahel çevresi Osmanlı topraklarına katılmıştır. Bir yandan kuzeyden Sohum ele geçirilmişti. Ardından bölgede ilerlemeye devam eden Yavuz Sultan Selim, Trabzon valiliği sırasında 1508de Güryel ve İmeret Açıkbaş Krallığını haraca bağladı. Böylece Osmanlı sınırları, Karadeniz kıyılarının ötesine Batı Gürcistan içlerine kadar ulaşmıştı. Osmanlı egemenliğine giren Acara çevresinde artan ilişkiler sonucunda İslamlaşma halk arasında hızla yayılmaya başlamıştır. Bölgede İslamın yayılması iddia edilenin aksine yönetici tabakadan alta doğru değil halk tabakasından yönetici tabakaya doğru yayılmıştır. Bu süreç ilginç şekilde hızlı bir şekilde gerçekleşmiştir. İslamlaşma sürecinde Acarada özellikle halkın yardımıyla çok sayıda cami, mescit ve mektep inşa edilmiştir. Bölgede faaliyette bulunan vakıflar ve bunlara bağlı hizmet veren camiler ve mescitler, Rus ve Gürcü tarihçilerin iddialarının aksine Acarada İslamlaşmanın 17. yüzyılın başında hızlı bir şekilde gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Bu hızlı yayılma sonucu Çürüksunun kuzeyine kadarki bölge Müslüman kimliğine bürünmüştür. Bu süreçte bölgede birçok cami, mescit ve mektep inşa edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada Acara, Batum, Gönye, Çürüksu ve Maçahele ait çok sayıda Hurufat kayıtlarından hareketle Acara coğrafyasının kırsal yerleşim yerlerinde kurulmuş dinî yapılar ve görevlileri üzerinden elde edilen verilerle toplumsal bir okuma yapılarak İslamlaşma süreci değerlendirilecektir. Toplumsal bir okuma yapılarak Acarada İslamlaşma süreci üzerine değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.

Makale detayları

Islamization in Adjara: A Social Reading Essay on Foundations

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Bay

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Van İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 18, pp.78-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291130

pISSN:

2667-615X

İslamic History

Georgia

Adjara

Islam

Batumiİslam Tarihi

Gürcistan

Acara

İslam

Batum

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Abdullah Bay

Yayıncı: Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: Van İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 18, pp.78-121

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001291130

pISSN: 2667-615X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdullah Bay

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Van İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 18, pp.78-121

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291130

pISSN:

2667-615X