Medical Students Martyred in the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign: A Myth?

Fatma Özlen

Makale detayları

Medical Students Martyred in the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign: A Myth?

Yazarlar:

Fatma Özlen

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.611-625

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298031

pISSN:

1303-3123

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Ottoman Empire fought on many fronts in World War I, and as the young population decreased rapidly, it recruited university students as they were all young people of conscription age. The exact number of students who lost their lives on the battlefield and their distribution by school are unknown. On the other hand, the narratives of students who were known to have voluntarily joined the Gallipoli front, where heavy losses were experienced and many were martyred, can transform into myths over time in the oral tradition. A narrative covering medical students who were martyred on the Çanakkale front during the Allied attacks on May 18-19, 1915 claims that all the volunteer first-year students in the Turkish troops were martyred and that Darülfünuns Medical School in Istanbul had no graduates in 1921. This study plans to investigate the Darülfünuns Medical School students who participated in the Çanakkale War in 1915 and has been carried out over the archives of the following institutions: Istanbul University, General Staff Military History and Strategic Studies Department ATASE, the Ministry of National Defense, and the Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye - Directorate of State Archives. The research establishes that eight doctors had died in the battle of Gallipoli and that no records exist of medical students lost in the battle. Due to the Medical School being closed for the year 1915, the students were conscripted, which is why no graduates appear in the facultys registers for this year. In fact, students did graduate in 1921 from the military and civil sections of Darülfünuns Medical School. This research concludes that the year in which no students graduated from the Medical School was not 1921, but 1915.

 The Ottoman Empire fought on many fronts in World War I, and as the young population decreased rapidly, it recruited university students as they were all young people of conscription age. The exact number of students who lost their lives on the battlefield and their distribution by school are unknown. On the other hand, the narratives of students who were known to have voluntarily joined the Gallipoli front, where heavy losses were experienced and many were martyred, can transform into myths over time in the oral tradition. A narrative covering medical students who were martyred on the Çanakkale front during the Allied attacks on May 18-19, 1915 claims that all the volunteer first-year students in the Turkish troops were martyred and that Darülfünuns Medical School in Istanbul had no graduates in 1921. This study plans to investigate the Darülfünuns Medical School students who participated in the Çanakkale War in 1915 and has been carried out over the archives of the following institutions: Istanbul University, General Staff Military History and Strategic Studies Department ATASE, the Ministry of National Defense, and the Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye - Directorate of State Archives. The research establishes that eight doctors had died in the battle of Gallipoli and that no records exist of medical students lost in the battle. Due to the Medical School being closed for the year 1915, the students were conscripted, which is why no graduates appear in the facultys registers for this year. In fact, students did graduate in 1921 from the military and civil sections of Darülfünuns Medical School. This research concludes that the year in which no students graduated from the Medical School was not 1921, but 1915.

 The Ottoman Empire fought on many fronts in World War I, and as the young population decreased rapidly, it recruited university students as they were all young people of conscription age. The exact number of students who lost their lives on the battlefield and their distribution by school are unknown. On the other hand, the narratives of students who were known to have voluntarily joined the Gallipoli front, where heavy losses were experienced and many were martyred, can transform into myths over time in the oral tradition. A narrative covering medical students who were martyred on the Çanakkale front during the Allied attacks on May 18-19, 1915 claims that all the volunteer first-year students in the Turkish troops were martyred and that Darülfünuns Medical School in Istanbul had no graduates in 1921. This study plans to investigate the Darülfünuns Medical School students who participated in the Çanakkale War in 1915 and has been carried out over the archives of the following institutions: Istanbul University, General Staff Military History and Strategic Studies Department ATASE, the Ministry of National Defense, and the Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye - Directorate of State Archives. The research establishes that eight doctors had died in the battle of Gallipoli and that no records exist of medical students lost in the battle. Due to the Medical School being closed for the year 1915, the students were conscripted, which is why no graduates appear in the facultys registers for this year. In fact, students did graduate in 1921 from the military and civil sections of Darülfünuns Medical School. This research concludes that the year in which no students graduated from the Medical School was not 1921, but 1915.

 Birinci Dünya Savaşında çok sayıda cephede savaşan Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda genç nüfus azalmış ve bütün gençler gibi üniversite öğrencileri de silahaltına alınmıştı. Cephelerde hayatını kaybeden öğrencilerin sayısı ve okullara göre dağılımları kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Diğer taraftan, ağır kayıpların yaşandığı Çanakkale Savaşlarına gönüllü gittiği ve şehit olduğu ifade edilen lise ve üniversite öğrencilerine dair anlatılar sözel gelenekte zaman içinde mite dönüşebilmektedir. 18 ve 19 Mayıs 1915 harekâtında Çanakkale cephesinde şehit olan tıp öğrencilerine dair bir anlatıda, o sırada birinci sınıfta olan gönüllü öğrencilerin tümünün şehit olduğu ve bu nedenle Tıbbiyenin 1921 yılında hiç mezun vermediği bildirilmektedir. 1915 yılında Çanakkale Savaşına katılan Darülfünunun Tıbbiye öğrencilerini araştıran bu çalışma, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Genelkurmay Askeri Tarih ve Stratejik Etüt ATASE Başkanlığı, Millî Savunma Bakanlığı ve T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çanakkale Savaşında sekiz doktorun öldüğü belirlenmiş, ancak şehit olan Tıbbiye öğrencilerine dair herhangi bir kayıt bulunamamıştır. 1915 yılında Tıbbiyenin bir yıl kapalı kaldığı, öğrencilerin ordu hizmetine alındığı için mezun vermediği saptanmış; Darülfünun Tıbbiyesinin askeri ve sivil bölümlerinden 1921 yılında mezun verildiği belgelenmiştir. Tıbbiyede öğrenci mezuniyeti yapılamayan yılın 1921 değil, 1915 olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Medical Students Martyred in the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign: A Myth?

Yazarlar:

Fatma Özlen

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.611-625

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298031

pISSN:

1303-3123

World War I

The Dardanelles

Gallipoli Front

Darülfünun

Medical SchoolBirinci Dünya Savaşı

Çanakkale Savaşları

Darülfünun

Tıbbiye

Gelibolu Cephesi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatma Özlen

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi: Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.611-625

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001298031

pISSN: 1303-3123

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatma Özlen

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Osmanlı Bilimi Araştırmaları Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.611-625

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298031

pISSN:

1303-3123