Investigation of Surface Properties and Boronizing Kinetics of Boronized DIN 1.2738 Mold Steel

İlyas Türkmen

Makale detayları

Investigation of Surface Properties and Boronizing Kinetics of Boronized DIN 1.2738 Mold Steel

Yazarlar:

İlyas Türkmen

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kaplama Teknolojisi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.474-486

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288782

pISSN:

2149-3367

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, DIN 1.2738 steel was boronized at temperatures of 1123, 1173 and 1223 K and for 3, 6 and 9 hours using a boronizing mixture containing boric acid, which can be an alternative to commercial boronizing mixtures. The morphology and thickness of the boride layer formed on the surface of the substrates after boronizing processes were investigated by OM and SEM. The boride layers with a sawtooth morphology, homogeneously distributed on the surface of the material and with thicknesses ranging from approximately 33 to 148 μm were obtained. Chemical analysis of the layer was performed by XRD and EDS analyses. The formation of a single-phase layer containing only Fe2B phase was detected in all samples. The growth kinetic parameters were obtained by making calculations about the diffusion kinetics of the boronized samples. An empirical equation was obtained using these parameters. With this equation, the studies were carried out on the predictability of layer thickness depending on different process parameters. In addition, a regression model was created by evaluating the process parameters and another equation was obtained for the estimation of the layer thickness. The value of activation energy for the substrate was estimated as 204.07 kJmol. Contour diagrams were drawn to estimate the thickness of the layer as a function of temperature and time. The adhesion characteristics of the layers were investigated by the Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C adhesion test. As a result, it was determined that the interfacial bond between the substrate material and the layers was strong.

 In this study, DIN 1.2738 steel was boronized at temperatures of 1123, 1173 and 1223 K and for 3, 6 and 9 hours using a boronizing mixture containing boric acid, which can be an alternative to commercial boronizing mixtures. The morphology and thickness of the boride layer formed on the surface of the substrates after boronizing processes were investigated by OM and SEM. The boride layers with a sawtooth morphology, homogeneously distributed on the surface of the material and with thicknesses ranging from approximately 33 to 148 μm were obtained. Chemical analysis of the layer was performed by XRD and EDS analyses. The formation of a single-phase layer containing only Fe2B phase was detected in all samples. The growth kinetic parameters were obtained by making calculations about the diffusion kinetics of the boronized samples. An empirical equation was obtained using these parameters. With this equation, the studies were carried out on the predictability of layer thickness depending on different process parameters. In addition, a regression model was created by evaluating the process parameters and another equation was obtained for the estimation of the layer thickness. The value of activation energy for the substrate was estimated as 204.07 kJmol. Contour diagrams were drawn to estimate the thickness of the layer as a function of temperature and time. The adhesion characteristics of the layers were investigated by the Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C adhesion test. As a result, it was determined that the interfacial bond between the substrate material and the layers was strong.

 In this study, DIN 1.2738 steel was boronized at temperatures of 1123, 1173 and 1223 K and for 3, 6 and 9 hours using a boronizing mixture containing boric acid, which can be an alternative to commercial boronizing mixtures. The morphology and thickness of the boride layer formed on the surface of the substrates after boronizing processes were investigated by OM and SEM. The boride layers with a sawtooth morphology, homogeneously distributed on the surface of the material and with thicknesses ranging from approximately 33 to 148 μm were obtained. Chemical analysis of the layer was performed by XRD and EDS analyses. The formation of a single-phase layer containing only Fe2B phase was detected in all samples. The growth kinetic parameters were obtained by making calculations about the diffusion kinetics of the boronized samples. An empirical equation was obtained using these parameters. With this equation, the studies were carried out on the predictability of layer thickness depending on different process parameters. In addition, a regression model was created by evaluating the process parameters and another equation was obtained for the estimation of the layer thickness. The value of activation energy for the substrate was estimated as 204.07 kJmol. Contour diagrams were drawn to estimate the thickness of the layer as a function of temperature and time. The adhesion characteristics of the layers were investigated by the Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C adhesion test. As a result, it was determined that the interfacial bond between the substrate material and the layers was strong.

 Bu çalışmada ticari borlama karışımlarına alternatif olabilecek ve borik asit içeren bir borlama karışımı kullanılarak DIN 1.2738 plastik kalıp çeliği 1123, 1173 ve 1223 K sıcaklıklarında ve 3, 6 ve 9 saat sürelerinde borlanmıştır. Borlama işlemleri sonrasında altlık malzemelerin yüzeyinde oluşan borür tabakasının morfolojisi ve kalınlığı optik ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Testere dişi morfolojisinde, malzeme yüzeyine homojen dağılmış ve yaklaşık olarak 33 ile 148 m aralığında değişen kalınlık değerine sahip tabakalar elde edilmiştir. X-ışını kırınımı ve enerji dağılımlı x-ışını spektroskopisi analizleri ile borür tabakasının kimyasal analizi yapılmıştır. Sadece Fe2B fazı içeren tek fazlı bir borür tabakası oluşumu tüm numunelerde tespit edilmiştir. Borlanmış numunelere difüzyon kinetiği ile ilgili hesaplamalar yapılarak büyüme kinetiği parametreleri elde edilmiştir. Bu parametreler kullanılarak bir ampirik denklem elde edilmiştir. Bu denklem ile borür tabaka kalınlığının farklı işlem parametrelerine bağlı olarak tahmin edilebilirliği üzerine çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca işlem parametreleri değerlendirilerek bir regresyon modeli oluşturulmuş ve borür tabaka kalınlığının tahmini için alternatif bir denklem daha elde edilmiştir. Altlık malzeme için aktivasyon enerjisinin değeri 204,07 kJmol olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Sıcaklık ve zamanın bir fonksiyonu olarak borür tabakasının kalınlığını tahmin etmek için kontur diyagramları çizilmiştir. Borür tabakalarının yapışma karakteristiği Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C adhezyon testi ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak altlık malzeme ile borür tabakaları arasındaki ara yüzey bağının sağlam olduğu görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

Investigation of Surface Properties and Boronizing Kinetics of Boronized DIN 1.2738 Mold Steel

Yazarlar:

İlyas Türkmen

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kaplama Teknolojisi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.474-486

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288782

pISSN:

2149-3367

Powder-Pack Boronizing

DIN 1.2738

Boric Acid

Difusion Kinetics

Regression Analysis

Rockwell C Adhesion TestKutu Borlama

DIN 1.2738

Borik Asit

Difüzyon Kinetiği

Regresyon Analizi

Rockwell C Adhezyon Test

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: İlyas Türkmen

Yayıncı: Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar: Kaplama Teknolojisi

Dergi: Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.474-486

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001288782

pISSN: 2149-3367

Sayı

Yazarlar:

İlyas Türkmen

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kaplama Teknolojisi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 2, pp.474-486

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001288782

pISSN:

2149-3367