The White Ship Disaster and Succession Issue in Medieval England

Gökmen Günay Gökbayır; Sayime Durmaz

Makale detayları

The White Ship Disaster and Succession Issue in Medieval England

Yazarlar:

Gökmen Günay Gökbayır | Sayime Durmaz

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 5, pp.2969-2991

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303169

pISSN:

2147-1185

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In November 1120, the White Ship sank in an unfortunate accident while attempting to cross the English Channel from Barfleur on the Normandy coast. As a result of this incident, one of the most dramatic shipwrecks in British history, almost all of the passengers and crew lost their lives. Among the passengers, mostly nobles of England and Normandy, was William Ætheling, the rightful heir to the throne of England, who had just been recognised by King Louis VI of France as heir to the Duchy of Normandy. William was the only legitimate son of Henry I, King of England and Duke of Normandy. Although Henry had more than twenty illegitimate children, his only legitimate child other than William was his daughter Matilda, who was married to the Holy Roman-German Emperor Heinrich V. Since 1106, William Clito, the son of his brother Robert Curthose, whom he had held in captivity, threatened the throne of both Normandy and England. Moreover, Henry had lost his wife, Queen Edith-Matilda, two years before the crash of the White Ship and had not remarried. Henry was facing one of the worst situations that could happen to a king sitting on the throne in medieval Europe; there was no heir to leave his throne and lands after him. In order to remedy this situation, Henry even remarried, but due to his advancing age, he was unable to have children again. Five years after the accident, the death of Heinrich V and the widowhood of his daughter Matilda gave King Henry of England an unprecedented idea and he tried to declare his daughter the rightful heir to the throne of England, but it would not be so easy. This study aims to analyse Henry Is efforts to solve the problem of succession after the White Ship disaster in 1120 with the help of contemporary sources.

 In November 1120, the White Ship sank in an unfortunate accident while attempting to cross the English Channel from Barfleur on the Normandy coast. As a result of this incident, one of the most dramatic shipwrecks in British history, almost all of the passengers and crew lost their lives. Among the passengers, mostly nobles of England and Normandy, was William Ætheling, the rightful heir to the throne of England, who had just been recognised by King Louis VI of France as heir to the Duchy of Normandy. William was the only legitimate son of Henry I, King of England and Duke of Normandy. Although Henry had more than twenty illegitimate children, his only legitimate child other than William was his daughter Matilda, who was married to the Holy Roman-German Emperor Heinrich V. Since 1106, William Clito, the son of his brother Robert Curthose, whom he had held in captivity, threatened the throne of both Normandy and England. Moreover, Henry had lost his wife, Queen Edith-Matilda, two years before the crash of the White Ship and had not remarried. Henry was facing one of the worst situations that could happen to a king sitting on the throne in medieval Europe; there was no heir to leave his throne and lands after him. In order to remedy this situation, Henry even remarried, but due to his advancing age, he was unable to have children again. Five years after the accident, the death of Heinrich V and the widowhood of his daughter Matilda gave King Henry of England an unprecedented idea and he tried to declare his daughter the rightful heir to the throne of England, but it would not be so easy. This study aims to analyse Henry Is efforts to solve the problem of succession after the White Ship disaster in 1120 with the help of contemporary sources.

 In November 1120, the White Ship sank in an unfortunate accident while attempting to cross the English Channel from Barfleur on the Normandy coast. As a result of this incident, one of the most dramatic shipwrecks in British history, almost all of the passengers and crew lost their lives. Among the passengers, mostly nobles of England and Normandy, was William Ætheling, the rightful heir to the throne of England, who had just been recognised by King Louis VI of France as heir to the Duchy of Normandy. William was the only legitimate son of Henry I, King of England and Duke of Normandy. Although Henry had more than twenty illegitimate children, his only legitimate child other than William was his daughter Matilda, who was married to the Holy Roman-German Emperor Heinrich V. Since 1106, William Clito, the son of his brother Robert Curthose, whom he had held in captivity, threatened the throne of both Normandy and England. Moreover, Henry had lost his wife, Queen Edith-Matilda, two years before the crash of the White Ship and had not remarried. Henry was facing one of the worst situations that could happen to a king sitting on the throne in medieval Europe; there was no heir to leave his throne and lands after him. In order to remedy this situation, Henry even remarried, but due to his advancing age, he was unable to have children again. Five years after the accident, the death of Heinrich V and the widowhood of his daughter Matilda gave King Henry of England an unprecedented idea and he tried to declare his daughter the rightful heir to the throne of England, but it would not be so easy. This study aims to analyse Henry Is efforts to solve the problem of succession after the White Ship disaster in 1120 with the help of contemporary sources.

 1120 yılının Kasım ayında Normandiya kıyısındaki Barfleurdan hareket ederek İngiliz Kanalını geçmek isteyen Beyaz Gemi talihsiz bir kaza sonucunda batmıştı. İngiltere tarihinin en dramatik gemi kazalarından biri olan bu hadisenin sonucunda neredeyse yolcuların ve mürettebatın tamamı hayatını kaybetmişti. Büyük çoğunluğu İngiltere ve Normandiyanın soylularından oluşan yolcular arasında, Fransa Kralı VI. Louis tarafından Normandiya Dukalığı için veliahtlığı henüz tanınmış olan ve İngiltere tahtının yasal vârisi William Ætheling de buluyordu. William, İngiltere kralı ve Normandiya dükü I. Henrynin meşru tek erkek evladıydı. Henrynin yirmiden fazla gayrimeşru çocuğu olsa da, William dışında tek meşru çocuğu Kutsal Roma-Germen İmparatoru V. Heinrich ile evli olan kızı Matildaydı. 1106 yılından beri esaret altında tuttuğu abisi Robert Curthoseun oğlu William Clito ise hem Normandiya hem de İngiltere tahtını tehdit ediyordu. Üstelik Henry, Beyaz Gemi kazasından iki sene önce eşi Kraliçe Edith-Matildayı kaybetmişti ve tekrar evlenmemişti. Henry Orta Çağ Avrupasında tahtta oturan bir kralın başına gelebilecek en kötü durumlardan biri ile karşı karşıyaydı; kendisinden sonra tahtını ve topraklarını bırakabileceği bir vâris artık yoktu. Bu duruma çare bulmak adına Henry yeni bir evlilik dahi yapmış fakat ilerleyen yaşından dolayı tekrar çocuk sahibi olamamıştı. Kazadan beş sene sonra V. Heinrichin ölümü ile kızı Matildanın dul kalması, İngiltere Kralı Henryye emsaline rastlanılmamış bir fikir verdi ve kızını İngiltere tahtının yasal vârisi ilan etmeye çalıştı; fakat bu o kadar kolay olmayacaktı. Bu çalışma 1120 yılında gerçekleşen Beyaz Gemi kazası ve sonrasında ortaya çıkan veraset sorununu çözmek için I. Henrynin gayretlerini çağdaş kaynakların yardımı ile incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Makale detayları

The White Ship Disaster and Succession Issue in Medieval England

Yazarlar:

Gökmen Günay Gökbayır | Sayime Durmaz

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 5, pp.2969-2991

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303169

pISSN:

2147-1185

The White Ship Disaster

Henry I

England

Anglo-Norman State

Matilda

Stephen

SuccessionBeyaz Gemi Faciası

I. Henry

İngiltere

Anglo-Norman Devleti

Matilda

Stephen

Veraset

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Gökmen Günay Gökbayır | Sayime Durmaz

Yayıncı: Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar: Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 5, pp.2969-2991

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303169

pISSN: 2147-1185

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Gökmen Günay Gökbayır | Sayime Durmaz

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Tarihsel Çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 5, pp.2969-2991

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303169

pISSN:

2147-1185