Aristotle's Political Philosophy and The Present: Traces of Justice, Virtue and the Good Life

Semiha Küçük

Makale detayları

Aristotle's Political Philosophy and The Present: Traces of Justice, Virtue and the Good Life

Yazarlar:

Semiha Küçük

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.343-370

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333963

pISSN:

2148-3728

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The concept of justice, which is at the core of essential issues concerning humans as political beings, has caused debates for centuries. Although these debates seem to have been conducted to resolve normative disputes within a limited framework, the real issue stems from the human need for what is just, regardless of the period and the circumstances. Indeed, even reasonable people often disagree on what is just. Especially since the modern period, most of the claims regarding justice have focused on how to define rights and how to distribute welfare based on citizens concepts of equality and freedom. In this context, what was needed when deciding on the correct organization of society were general principles and theoretical reasoning, and thoughts on justice were tried to be embodied in various theories. However, as we approach the present day, increasing social and cultural complexity has also rendered efforts to seek a single doctrine of justice invalid. The liberal understanding, which has been effective especially since the modern period, has convinced its individuals that what is rational is embodied in this order, and this belief has caused people to live in a feeling of injustice instead of questioning justice. One of the most important reasons for this feeling is the view that Aristotle emphasizes that man is a political animal and that the subject of politics is a search for what is good for man. In addition, Aristotles view that the Good is not only a goal for man but also for the polis is important in terms of justice being a social good. This issue will shed light on our study in terms of thinking about the individual who distances himself from society and ethical-political issues and the reasons for this distance, as well as the feeling of injustice experienced. The aim of this study will be to try to understand the concept of justice in terms of Aristotles political philosophy based on the understanding of the common good in the ancient period and to evaluate how the concepts of virtue and good life, which complement justice, are understood today.

 The concept of justice, which is at the core of essential issues concerning humans as political beings, has caused debates for centuries. Although these debates seem to have been conducted to resolve normative disputes within a limited framework, the real issue stems from the human need for what is just, regardless of the period and the circumstances. Indeed, even reasonable people often disagree on what is just. Especially since the modern period, most of the claims regarding justice have focused on how to define rights and how to distribute welfare based on citizens concepts of equality and freedom. In this context, what was needed when deciding on the correct organization of society were general principles and theoretical reasoning, and thoughts on justice were tried to be embodied in various theories. However, as we approach the present day, increasing social and cultural complexity has also rendered efforts to seek a single doctrine of justice invalid. The liberal understanding, which has been effective especially since the modern period, has convinced its individuals that what is rational is embodied in this order, and this belief has caused people to live in a feeling of injustice instead of questioning justice. One of the most important reasons for this feeling is the view that Aristotle emphasizes that man is a political animal and that the subject of politics is a search for what is good for man. In addition, Aristotles view that the Good is not only a goal for man but also for the polis is important in terms of justice being a social good. This issue will shed light on our study in terms of thinking about the individual who distances himself from society and ethical-political issues and the reasons for this distance, as well as the feeling of injustice experienced. The aim of this study will be to try to understand the concept of justice in terms of Aristotles political philosophy based on the understanding of the common good in the ancient period and to evaluate how the concepts of virtue and good life, which complement justice, are understood today.

 The concept of justice, which is at the core of essential issues concerning humans as political beings, has caused debates for centuries. Although these debates seem to have been conducted to resolve normative disputes within a limited framework, the real issue stems from the human need for what is just, regardless of the period and the circumstances. Indeed, even reasonable people often disagree on what is just. Especially since the modern period, most of the claims regarding justice have focused on how to define rights and how to distribute welfare based on citizens concepts of equality and freedom. In this context, what was needed when deciding on the correct organization of society were general principles and theoretical reasoning, and thoughts on justice were tried to be embodied in various theories. However, as we approach the present day, increasing social and cultural complexity has also rendered efforts to seek a single doctrine of justice invalid. The liberal understanding, which has been effective especially since the modern period, has convinced its individuals that what is rational is embodied in this order, and this belief has caused people to live in a feeling of injustice instead of questioning justice. One of the most important reasons for this feeling is the view that Aristotle emphasizes that man is a political animal and that the subject of politics is a search for what is good for man. In addition, Aristotles view that the Good is not only a goal for man but also for the polis is important in terms of justice being a social good. This issue will shed light on our study in terms of thinking about the individual who distances himself from society and ethical-political issues and the reasons for this distance, as well as the feeling of injustice experienced. The aim of this study will be to try to understand the concept of justice in terms of Aristotles political philosophy based on the understanding of the common good in the ancient period and to evaluate how the concepts of virtue and good life, which complement justice, are understood today.

 Politik bir varlık olarak insana dair özsel meselelerin temelinde yer alan adalet kavramı, yüzyıllar boyunca tartışmalara neden olmuştur. Bu tartışmalar sınırlı bir çerçeveden normatif düzeyde uyuşmazlıkları çözmek adına yapılmış görünse de asıl mesele hangi dönem ve hangi koşul olursa olsun, insanın adil olan ihtiyacından kaynaklanmaktadır. Nitekim makul insanlar dahi neyin adil olduğu konusunda sıklıkla anlaşmazlığa düşmektedirler. Özellikle modern dönemden itibaren adalete ilişkin iddiaların çoğu, yurttaşların eşitlik ve özgürlük kavramları temelinde, hakların nasıl tanımlanacağı ve refahın nasıl dağıtılacağı üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu minvalde, toplumun doğru örgütlenmesine karar verirken ihtiyaç duyulan şey genel ilkeler ve teorik akıl yürütmeler olmuş, adalet üzerine düşünceler de çeşitli teorilerde somutlaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ancak günümüze yaklaştıkça artan sosyal ve kültürel karmaşıklık, tek bir adalet doktrini arayışı çabalarını da geçersiz kılmıştır. Özellikle modern dönemden itibaren etkin olan liberal anlayış, rasyonel olanın bu düzende cisimleştiğine bireylerini inandırmış, bu inanış insanın adalet üzerine sorgulama yapmak yerine adaletsizlik hissinde yaşam sürmesine neden olmuştur. Bu hissin en önemli nedenlerinden biri Aristotelesin vurguladığı insan politik bir canlıdır görüşü ve politikanın konusunun insan için neyin iyi olduğuna dair bir arayış olduğunun unutulmuş olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra Aristoteleste iyinin yalnızca insan için değil aynı zamanda polis için de bir hedef olması, adaletin toplumsal iyi olması noktasında önem arz eder. Bu mesele hem toplumdan hem etik-politik meselelerden uzaklaşan bireyi ve bu uzaklaşmanın nedenlerini, ayrıca yaşanan adaletsizlik hissini düşünmek noktasında çalışmamıza ışık tutacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Antik Dönemdeki ortak iyi anlayışı temelinde Aristotelesin politika felsefesi açısından adalet kavramını anlamaya çalışmak ve özellikle adaleti bütünleyen erdem ve iyi yaşam kavramlarının günümüzde nasıl kavrandığını değerlendirmek olacaktır.

Makale detayları

Aristotle's Political Philosophy and The Present: Traces of Justice, Virtue and the Good Life

Yazarlar:

Semiha Küçük

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.343-370

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333963

pISSN:

2148-3728

Systematic Philosophy

Aristotle

Politics

Justice

VirtueSistematik Felsefe

Aristoteles

Politika

Adalet

Erdem

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Semiha Küçük

Yayıncı: Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar: Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi: BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.343-370

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333963

pISSN: 2148-3728

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Semiha Küçük

Yayıncı:

Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

BEÜ İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.343-370

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333963

pISSN:

2148-3728