Evaluation of the Effects of the Applied Shocks on Environmental Pollution in Candidate Countries for European Union Membership

Asiye Tütüncü; Aybala Demirci Aksoy

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Effects of the Applied Shocks on Environmental Pollution in Candidate Countries for European Union Membership

Yazarlar:

Asiye Tütüncü | Aybala Demirci Aksoy

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Panel Veri Analizi

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 5, pp.2138-2159

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334394

pISSN:

2147-1185

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The purpose of this study is to examine the permanenttemporary nature of the shocks experienced in the environmental pollution level of candidate countries for EU membership, such as Türkiye. Accordingly, 7 countries out of 9 candidate countries for which carbon dioxide emission and ecological footprint data for the period between 1993 and 2022 were available were taken into consideration. As of the present day, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Türkiye, and Ukraine are the candidate countries for EU membership. Despite being candidate countries for EU membership, these countries include the economies that import the most waste from the EU and have high pollution rates in rivers, according to the data from the European Statistical Office. In this respect, it is important to determine the long-term movements of variables for countries to reduce environmental degradation and make effective policy decisions. The analyses using SURADF, CADF, and BCIPS panel unit root tests concluded that the variables generally had unit roots and the effects of the applied shocks on environmental pollution were permanent. Considering the individual results for CO2 emission and ecological footprint variables on the basis of candidate countries for European Union membership, it was determined that the effect of shocks in Moldova was temporary for both variables, whereas the effect of shocks was permanent in other countries. For the ecological footprint, the effects of shocks were temporary in Georgia and Moldova but permanent in the other countries.

 The purpose of this study is to examine the permanenttemporary nature of the shocks experienced in the environmental pollution level of candidate countries for EU membership, such as Türkiye. Accordingly, 7 countries out of 9 candidate countries for which carbon dioxide emission and ecological footprint data for the period between 1993 and 2022 were available were taken into consideration. As of the present day, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Türkiye, and Ukraine are the candidate countries for EU membership. Despite being candidate countries for EU membership, these countries include the economies that import the most waste from the EU and have high pollution rates in rivers, according to the data from the European Statistical Office. In this respect, it is important to determine the long-term movements of variables for countries to reduce environmental degradation and make effective policy decisions. The analyses using SURADF, CADF, and BCIPS panel unit root tests concluded that the variables generally had unit roots and the effects of the applied shocks on environmental pollution were permanent. Considering the individual results for CO2 emission and ecological footprint variables on the basis of candidate countries for European Union membership, it was determined that the effect of shocks in Moldova was temporary for both variables, whereas the effect of shocks was permanent in other countries. For the ecological footprint, the effects of shocks were temporary in Georgia and Moldova but permanent in the other countries.

 The purpose of this study is to examine the permanenttemporary nature of the shocks experienced in the environmental pollution level of candidate countries for EU membership, such as Türkiye. Accordingly, 7 countries out of 9 candidate countries for which carbon dioxide emission and ecological footprint data for the period between 1993 and 2022 were available were taken into consideration. As of the present day, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Türkiye, and Ukraine are the candidate countries for EU membership. Despite being candidate countries for EU membership, these countries include the economies that import the most waste from the EU and have high pollution rates in rivers, according to the data from the European Statistical Office. In this respect, it is important to determine the long-term movements of variables for countries to reduce environmental degradation and make effective policy decisions. The analyses using SURADF, CADF, and BCIPS panel unit root tests concluded that the variables generally had unit roots and the effects of the applied shocks on environmental pollution were permanent. Considering the individual results for CO2 emission and ecological footprint variables on the basis of candidate countries for European Union membership, it was determined that the effect of shocks in Moldova was temporary for both variables, whereas the effect of shocks was permanent in other countries. For the ecological footprint, the effects of shocks were temporary in Georgia and Moldova but permanent in the other countries.

 Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye gibi AB üyeliğine aday konumunda olan ülkelerin çevresel kirlilik seviyesinde yaşanan şokların kalıcıgeçici olma durumunun incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda, 1993-2022 dönemi boyunca karbondioksit emisyonu ve ekolojik ayak izi verileri temin edilebilen 9 aday ülkeden 7 ülke dikkate alınmıştır. Günümüz itibariyle ABye aday ülke konumunda olan ülkeler, Arnavutluk, Bosna Hersek, Gürcistan, Moldova, Karadağ, Kuzey Makedonya, Sırbistan, Türkiye ve Ukraynadır. AB aday ülke konumunda olmalarına rağmen Avrupa İstatistik Ofisi verilerine göre, ABden en çok atık ithal eden ve nehirlerde kirlilik oranı yüksek olan ekonomiler, bu ülkeler arasında bulunmaktadırlar. Bu bağlamda ülkelerin çevresel bozulmalarını azaltabilmesi ve etkin politika kararlarının alınabilmesinde değişkenlerin uzun dönemli hareketlerinin belirlenebilmesi önem arz etmektedir. SURADF, CADF ve BCIPS panel birim kök testlerinin kullanıldığı analizlerde, değişkenlerin genel olarak birim köke sahip olduğu, çevre kirliliğine uygulanan şokların etkisinin kalıcı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Avrupa Birliği üyeliğine aday olan ülkeler bazında CO2 emisyonu ve ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerine yönelik bireysel sonuçlar incelendiğinde ise, her iki değişken için Moldovada şokların etkisi geçici iken, diğer ülkelerde şokların etkisinin kalıcı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ekolojik ayak izi için Moldovanın yanı sıra Gürcistanda da şokların etkisinin geçici, diğer ülkelerde kalıcı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Evaluation of the Effects of the Applied Shocks on Environmental Pollution in Candidate Countries for European Union Membership

Yazarlar:

Asiye Tütüncü | Aybala Demirci Aksoy

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Panel Veri Analizi

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 5, pp.2138-2159

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334394

pISSN:

2147-1185

CO2 Emission

Ecological Footprint

European Union Candidate Countries

Traditional Panel Unit Root Tests

Fourier Panel Root TestCO2 Emisyonu

Ekolojik Ayak İzi

Avrupa Birliğine Aday Ülkeler

Geleneksel Panel Birim Kök Testleri

Fourier Panel Kök Testi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Asiye Tütüncü | Aybala Demirci Aksoy

Yayıncı: Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar: Panel Veri Analizi

Dergi: İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 5, pp.2138-2159

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001334394

pISSN: 2147-1185

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Asiye Tütüncü | Aybala Demirci Aksoy

Yayıncı:

Mustafa Süleyman ÖZCAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Panel Veri Analizi

Dergi:

İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 5, pp.2138-2159

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334394

pISSN:

2147-1185