Development, Validity and Reliability of the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale

Gizem Karasoy; Hakan Baydur

Makale detayları

Development, Validity and Reliability of the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale

Yazarlar:

Gizem Karasoy | Hakan Baydur

Yayıncı:

Balıkesir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.251-263

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357558

pISSN:

2146-9601

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Objective: The objective of this study is to develop the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS and to assess its validity and reliability. Method: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional methodological study. In the study, the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS was developed, and its validity and reliability were tested. A total of 162 individuals aged 65 and above participated in the study. Participants were administered a sociodemographic information questionnaire, the EISS, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale for Older Adults WHOQOL-AGE, and the WHO-Europe Attitudes of Aging Questionnaire EAAQ. The EISS consists of 17 items, three subdimensions Awareness, Agreement, and Self-Application, and a total score designed to assess the level of internalized stigma among elderly individuals. The response options for the scale items are based on a three-point Likert-type scale, with higher scores indicating greater stigma. Psychometric analyses of the developed EISS were conducted using Lisrel 9.1 and SPSS 25.0 software. Results: Of the participants, 54.3 were women, with a mean age of 76.5  7.9 years; 40.1 were uneducated, and 48.1 were currently married. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated a good model fit, with RMSEA0.042, chi-squaredegrees of freedom1.28, CFI0.98, and Stand.RMR0.052. For concurrent validity, there was a strong correlation between the EISS and the EAAQ r-0.83, while for discriminant validity, a strong correlation was observed between the EISS and WHOQOL-AGE scores r-0.78. The EISS demonstrated high discriminative power regarding variables such as age, education level, economic status, place of residence, and health perception. The scales internal consistency coefficient Cronbachs alpha was 0.89 overall, with subdimension values of 0.82 for Awareness, 0.67 for Agreement, and 0.88 for Self-Application. Conclusion: The developed scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring internalized stigma in elderly people.

 Objective: The objective of this study is to develop the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS and to assess its validity and reliability. Method: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional methodological study. In the study, the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS was developed, and its validity and reliability were tested. A total of 162 individuals aged 65 and above participated in the study. Participants were administered a sociodemographic information questionnaire, the EISS, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale for Older Adults WHOQOL-AGE, and the WHO-Europe Attitudes of Aging Questionnaire EAAQ. The EISS consists of 17 items, three subdimensions Awareness, Agreement, and Self-Application, and a total score designed to assess the level of internalized stigma among elderly individuals. The response options for the scale items are based on a three-point Likert-type scale, with higher scores indicating greater stigma. Psychometric analyses of the developed EISS were conducted using Lisrel 9.1 and SPSS 25.0 software. Results: Of the participants, 54.3 were women, with a mean age of 76.5  7.9 years; 40.1 were uneducated, and 48.1 were currently married. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated a good model fit, with RMSEA0.042, chi-squaredegrees of freedom1.28, CFI0.98, and Stand.RMR0.052. For concurrent validity, there was a strong correlation between the EISS and the EAAQ r-0.83, while for discriminant validity, a strong correlation was observed between the EISS and WHOQOL-AGE scores r-0.78. The EISS demonstrated high discriminative power regarding variables such as age, education level, economic status, place of residence, and health perception. The scales internal consistency coefficient Cronbachs alpha was 0.89 overall, with subdimension values of 0.82 for Awareness, 0.67 for Agreement, and 0.88 for Self-Application. Conclusion: The developed scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring internalized stigma in elderly people.

 Objective: The objective of this study is to develop the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS and to assess its validity and reliability. Method: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional methodological study. In the study, the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale EISS was developed, and its validity and reliability were tested. A total of 162 individuals aged 65 and above participated in the study. Participants were administered a sociodemographic information questionnaire, the EISS, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale for Older Adults WHOQOL-AGE, and the WHO-Europe Attitudes of Aging Questionnaire EAAQ. The EISS consists of 17 items, three subdimensions Awareness, Agreement, and Self-Application, and a total score designed to assess the level of internalized stigma among elderly individuals. The response options for the scale items are based on a three-point Likert-type scale, with higher scores indicating greater stigma. Psychometric analyses of the developed EISS were conducted using Lisrel 9.1 and SPSS 25.0 software. Results: Of the participants, 54.3 were women, with a mean age of 76.5  7.9 years; 40.1 were uneducated, and 48.1 were currently married. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated a good model fit, with RMSEA0.042, chi-squaredegrees of freedom1.28, CFI0.98, and Stand.RMR0.052. For concurrent validity, there was a strong correlation between the EISS and the EAAQ r-0.83, while for discriminant validity, a strong correlation was observed between the EISS and WHOQOL-AGE scores r-0.78. The EISS demonstrated high discriminative power regarding variables such as age, education level, economic status, place of residence, and health perception. The scales internal consistency coefficient Cronbachs alpha was 0.89 overall, with subdimension values of 0.82 for Awareness, 0.67 for Agreement, and 0.88 for Self-Application. Conclusion: The developed scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring internalized stigma in elderly people.

 Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı yaşlı içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ölçeğinin YİDÖ geliştirilmesi, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin sınanmasıdır. Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel olarak yürütülmüş metodolojik türdedir. Araştırmada YİDÖ geliştirilmiş, geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği sınanmıştır. Araştırmaya 65 yaş ve üzeri 162 birey katılmıştır. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik bilgileri anketi, YİDÖ, yaşlılar için yaşam kalitesi ölçeği WHOQOL-AGE ve Avrupa yaşlanma tutum ölçeği AYTA uygulanmıştır. YİDÖ yaş almış bireylerde içselleştirilmiş damgalanma düzeyini belirlemek üzere 17 soru ve 3 alt boyut farkına varma, onaylama ve kendine uygulama ile bir toplam puandan oluşmaktadır. Ölçek maddelerinin yanıt seçenekleri üç noktalı likert tipindedir. Artan puan damgalanma durumunu gösterir. Geliştirilen YİDÖ ölçeğinin psikometrik analizlerinde Lisrel 9.1 ve SPSS 25.0 programları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların 54,3ü kadın, yaş ortalaması 76,57,9, 40,1i eğitimsiz, 48,1i halen evlidir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre RMSEA0,042, ki-kareserbestlik derecesi1,28, CFI0,98 ve Stand.RMR0,052 düzeyinde iyi uyumu göstermekteydi. Eş zaman geçerliliğinde AYTA ve ayırt edici geçerlilikte WHOQOL-AGE puanları ile YİDÖ arasında yüksek düzeyde korelasyon sırasıyla r-0.83 ve r-0,78 vardı. YİDÖ yaş, eğitim, ekonomik durum, yaşanılan yer ve sağlık algısı gibi durumları yüksek düzeyde ayırt edebilmekteydi. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı Cronbachs alfa değeri 0,89; farkına varma, onaylama ve kendine uygulama alt boyutları için sırasıyla 0,82, 0,67 ve 0,88di. Sonuç: Geliştirilen ölçek yaşlılıkta içselleştirilmiş damgalanmayı ölçebilen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçektir.

Makale detayları

Development, Validity and Reliability of the Elderly Internalized Stigma Scale

Yazarlar:

Gizem Karasoy | Hakan Baydur

Yayıncı:

Balıkesir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.251-263

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357558

pISSN:

2146-9601

Aging

Internalized stigma

Validity

ReliabilityYaşlılık

İçselleştirilmiş damgalanma

geçerlilik

güvenilirlik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Gizem Karasoy | Hakan Baydur

Yayıncı: Balıkesir University

Ana Başlıklar: Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)

Dergi: Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.251-263

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001357558

pISSN: 2146-9601

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Gizem Karasoy | Hakan Baydur

Yayıncı:

Balıkesir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)

Dergi:

Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 2, pp.251-263

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357558

pISSN:

2146-9601