Resistance and Protest Discourse in Muhammad Iqbal’s Poetry

Nebahat Turan

Makale detayları

Resistance and Protest Discourse in Muhammad Iqbal’s Poetry

Yazarlar:

Nebahat Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 46, pp.249-274

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349046

pISSN:

1307-5020

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This research analyses the protest stance that Muhammad Iqbal presents in his poetry and the impact in this stance, particularly on Muslim nations and Eastern societies. Iqbal became a strong voice of protest against colonialism, British imperialism, and the system of slavery and expressed his discomfort with injustices in his poetry. His poetry functioned not only as a call for resistance but also as an effective tool for promoting social awakening. Iqbal especially emphasized the need for Muslim societies to become conscious of Western imperialism, urging them to awaken and take action through his poetry. In his Persian and Urdu poems, his strong criticisms of social injustices and ignorance are combined with calls for the development of individuals selfness. In this study, the prominent protest themes in Iqbals poetry are analyzed through selected poetry samples. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that Iqbals poems, both in Persian and Urdu, primarily focus on improving the selfness of the individual and aim to raise social awareness. In Iqbals poems, there could be seen calls for resistance against colonialism and imperialist oppression, strong reactions to injustice, rights violations, and ignorance, as well as powerful messages to mobilize Muslim societies. He also criticized the cultural hegemony and education system of the West, presenting a perspective rooted in knowledge and free thought. While Iqbals poems question material superiority and domination of the West, they also contribute to the construction of a consciousness that aims to return to the essence of Islam.

 This research analyses the protest stance that Muhammad Iqbal presents in his poetry and the impact in this stance, particularly on Muslim nations and Eastern societies. Iqbal became a strong voice of protest against colonialism, British imperialism, and the system of slavery and expressed his discomfort with injustices in his poetry. His poetry functioned not only as a call for resistance but also as an effective tool for promoting social awakening. Iqbal especially emphasized the need for Muslim societies to become conscious of Western imperialism, urging them to awaken and take action through his poetry. In his Persian and Urdu poems, his strong criticisms of social injustices and ignorance are combined with calls for the development of individuals selfness. In this study, the prominent protest themes in Iqbals poetry are analyzed through selected poetry samples. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that Iqbals poems, both in Persian and Urdu, primarily focus on improving the selfness of the individual and aim to raise social awareness. In Iqbals poems, there could be seen calls for resistance against colonialism and imperialist oppression, strong reactions to injustice, rights violations, and ignorance, as well as powerful messages to mobilize Muslim societies. He also criticized the cultural hegemony and education system of the West, presenting a perspective rooted in knowledge and free thought. While Iqbals poems question material superiority and domination of the West, they also contribute to the construction of a consciousness that aims to return to the essence of Islam.

 This research analyses the protest stance that Muhammad Iqbal presents in his poetry and the impact in this stance, particularly on Muslim nations and Eastern societies. Iqbal became a strong voice of protest against colonialism, British imperialism, and the system of slavery and expressed his discomfort with injustices in his poetry. His poetry functioned not only as a call for resistance but also as an effective tool for promoting social awakening. Iqbal especially emphasized the need for Muslim societies to become conscious of Western imperialism, urging them to awaken and take action through his poetry. In his Persian and Urdu poems, his strong criticisms of social injustices and ignorance are combined with calls for the development of individuals selfness. In this study, the prominent protest themes in Iqbals poetry are analyzed through selected poetry samples. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that Iqbals poems, both in Persian and Urdu, primarily focus on improving the selfness of the individual and aim to raise social awareness. In Iqbals poems, there could be seen calls for resistance against colonialism and imperialist oppression, strong reactions to injustice, rights violations, and ignorance, as well as powerful messages to mobilize Muslim societies. He also criticized the cultural hegemony and education system of the West, presenting a perspective rooted in knowledge and free thought. While Iqbals poems question material superiority and domination of the West, they also contribute to the construction of a consciousness that aims to return to the essence of Islam.

 Bu araştırma, Muhammed İkbalin şiirlerinde sergilediği protest duruşu ve bu duruşun, özellikle Müslüman milletler ve Doğu toplumları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. İkbal, sömürgecilik, İngiliz emperyalizmi ve kölelik sistemine karşı güçlü bir protest ses olmuş ve şiirlerinde adaletsizliklere karşı duyduğu rahatsızlığı dile getirmiştir. Şiirleri, yalnızca bir direniş çağrısı değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal uyanışı teşvik eden etkili bir araç olarak işlev görmüştür. İkbal, özellikle Müslüman toplumların Batı emperyalizmi karşısında bilinçlenmesi gerektiğini vurgulamış, şiirlerinde uyanış ve harekete geçmeleri için telkinlerde bulunmuştur. Farsça ve Urduca şiirlerinde, toplumsal adaletsizlikler ve cehalete karşı gösterdiği sert eleştiriler, bireylerin benlik bilincini geliştirmeye yönelik çağrılarla birleşmiştir. Bu çalışmada, İkbalin şiirlerinde öne çıkan protest temalar, seçilen şiir örnekleri üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda, İkbalin hem Farsça hem de Urduca şiirlerinde, öncelikle bireyin benlik bilincini geliştirmeye odaklandığı ve toplumsal farkındalık yaratma amacı güttüğü gözlemlenmiştir. İkbalin şiirlerinde, sömürgecilik ve emperyalist baskılara karşı direniş çağrıları, adaletsizlik, hak ihlalleri ve cehalete karşı gösterilen sert tepkiler ve Müslüman toplumları harekete geçirmeye yönelik güçlü mesajlar öne çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca Batının kültürel hegemonyasına ve eğitim sistemine yönelik eleştirilerde bulunarak, bilgiye ve özgür düşünceye dayalı bir bakış açısı sunduğu tespit edilmiştir. İkbalin şiirleri, Batının maddi üstünlüğünü ve tahakkümünü sorgularken, aynı zamanda İslamın özüne dönüşü hedefleyen bir bilinç inşasına katkıda bulunmaktadır.

Makale detayları

Resistance and Protest Discourse in Muhammad Iqbal’s Poetry

Yazarlar:

Nebahat Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 46, pp.249-274

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349046

pISSN:

1307-5020

Muhammad Iqbal

Protest literature

Resistance literature

Urdu literature

Persian literatureMuhammed İkbal

Protest edebiyat

Direniş edebiyatı

Urdu edebiyatı

Fars edebiyatı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nebahat Turan

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 46, pp.249-274

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001349046

pISSN: 1307-5020

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nebahat Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Şarkiyat Mecmuası Issue 46, pp.249-274

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349046

pISSN:

1307-5020