Morphological Changes in Xenopus laevisEmbryos  with Lithium and Evaluation of the Fetax Test

Ayper BOĞA; Seçil BİNOKAY; Ayşe KENDİRCİ; Tuncay ÖZGÜNEN

Makale detayları

Morphological Changes in Xenopus laevisEmbryos with Lithium and Evaluation of the Fetax Test

Yazarlar:

Ayper BOĞA | Seçil BİNOKAY | Ayşe KENDİRCİ | Tuncay ÖZGÜNEN

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Biology 2000 Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.177-188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2000

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000814051

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6092

pISSN:

1300-0152

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 

The main goal was to standardize the FETAX (Frog Embryos Teratogenesis Assay: Xenopus)  test. Since lithium ions are known to be teratogenic for embryos of many organisms, they were  prefferred for our first standardization assay. Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to lithium  chloride (from 2x10 -4 to 6 x 10 -3 M concentrations) for 96 hours at 2-4 cell stages of development.  Exposure to lower LiCl concentrations permitted larvae to survive and to develop into normal ones.  On the other hand, depending on the increase in the LiCl concentration, the body length and survival  rate (%) decreased. In addition, the decreased survival and increased malformation rates were shown  to be parallel with the increased concentration rates. The most common abnormalities were found to  be tail kinks and edema. The less frequents abnormalities were microcephaly, cyclopia, shortening of  the trunk (micromyelia), depigmentation, macrocephaly, spina bifida, anteriozation, posteriozation,  medially located eyes and abnormally of the yolk.  In the Fetax test, at ninety-six hours, LC 50 value was 0.002 g/L, and EC 50 value was 0.0088g/L for  lithium chloride. Finally, the teratogenicity index was found to be about 2.5. These results showed that  lithium chloride was a moderate teratogen.

 

The main goal was to standardize the FETAX (Frog Embryos Teratogenesis Assay: Xenopus)  test. Since lithium ions are known to be teratogenic for embryos of many organisms, they were  prefferred for our first standardization assay. Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to lithium  chloride (from 2x10 -4 to 6 x 10 -3 M concentrations) for 96 hours at 2-4 cell stages of development.  Exposure to lower LiCl concentrations permitted larvae to survive and to develop into normal ones.  On the other hand, depending on the increase in the LiCl concentration, the body length and survival  rate (%) decreased. In addition, the decreased survival and increased malformation rates were shown  to be parallel with the increased concentration rates. The most common abnormalities were found to  be tail kinks and edema. The less frequents abnormalities were microcephaly, cyclopia, shortening of  the trunk (micromyelia), depigmentation, macrocephaly, spina bifida, anteriozation, posteriozation,  medially located eyes and abnormally of the yolk.  In the Fetax test, at ninety-six hours, LC 50 value was 0.002 g/L, and EC 50 value was 0.0088g/L for  lithium chloride. Finally, the teratogenicity index was found to be about 2.5. These results showed that  lithium chloride was a moderate teratogen.

Makale detayları

Morphological Changes in Xenopus laevisEmbryos with Lithium and Evaluation of the Fetax Test

Yazarlar:

Ayper BOĞA | Seçil BİNOKAY | Ayşe KENDİRCİ | Tuncay ÖZGÜNEN

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Biology 2000 Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.177-188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2000

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000814051

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6092

pISSN:

1300-0152

Xenopus

FETAX

Teratogenicity

Malformation

Insemination.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Morphological Changes in Xenopus laevisEmbryos with Lithium and Evaluation of the Fetax Test

Yazarlar: Ayper BOĞA | Seçil BİNOKAY | Ayşe KENDİRCİ | Tuncay ÖZGÜNEN

Yayıncı: TUBITAK

Dergi: Turkish Journal of Biology 2000 Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.177-188

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2000

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000814051

Sıklık: İki Aylık

eISSN: 1303-6092

pISSN: 1300-0152

Xenopus

FETAX

Teratogenicity

Malformation

Insemination.

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ayper BOĞA | Seçil BİNOKAY | Ayşe KENDİRCİ | Tuncay ÖZGÜNEN

Yayıncı:

TUBITAK

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Biology 2000 Vol.24 Issue 2, pp.177-188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2000

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000814051

Sıklık:

İki Aylık

eISSN:

1303-6092

pISSN:

1300-0152