The Legitimacy Grounds of Istishhad with Poetry in Tafsir: Specific to the Narration Attributed to the Prophet

Fatma Yalnız

Makale detayları

The Legitimacy Grounds of Istishhad with Poetry in Tafsir: Specific to the Narration Attributed to the Prophet

Yazarlar:

Fatma Yalnız

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.299-320

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350429

pISSN:

2528-9861

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the classical period, poetry was widely used to explain strange words in verses, and Abdullah b. Abbas was often cited in this context. In academic studies, there are no references to any other companion other than Ibn Abbas except for the narration that Hz. Omar learned the meaning of a word in a verse through a poetic istishhad by someone from the Huzayl tribe or to the Prophet himself using poetry in his interpretation. However, when classical works are examined, there are narrations that Hz. Aisha also used this method in her interpretation and lexicography, in addition to Ibn Abbas. These findings raise the legitimate question of what the legitimacy of istishhad with poetry is. At this point, when the narrations conveyed from the Prophet are examined, a narration is found in Tirmidhis Sunan regarding his istishhad with poetry in his interpretation. As a result of the examinations, it was understood that the fact that this narration is a strange hadith does not mean a strange hadith in the sense of weak hadith in the hadith methodology. The aim of the article is to make some inferences regarding the determination of the framework regarding the istishhad method applied by the Prophet Muhammad in tafsir by the companions and later scholars and the diversification of methods in the use of poetry. In line with these goals, the problem of legitimacy ground in the active use of poems by Abdullah b. Abbas and later scholars while explaining strange words is taken as the basis in the article. From this point on, the literature review and content analysis methods based on phenomenology and grounded theory patterns of the qualitative research method were preferred in accordance with the structure of the article. In this framework, the phenomenon of legitimacy in istishhad with poetry is emphasized. In addition, the use of poetry by the companions together with the verse is included, and then the data in the tradition regarding the use of the poem that the Prophet Muhammad used istishhad in tafsir is determined and the obtained data is schematized after being collected with the inductive method. Then, it is compared whether the method of istishhad with poetry of both the companions and the scholars of the later periods parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In this way, traces of whether or not legitimacy was obtained from the Prophet Muhammad are pursued both in the companions and in the later periods. As a result of the examinations, it is clearly seen that the method of istishhad with poetry in tafsir of Abdullah b. Abbas and Hz. Omar parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In addition, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry in tafsir was also carried into the dictionary through Hz. Aisha in the period of the companions. In addition, when the uses of the poetry that the Prophet showed for tafsir from the period after the companions are examined, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry is still present in the fields of tafsir and lexicon. Both this framework and the practices of the companions have been identified as an indicator that the range of use of poetry was expanded by obtaining legitimacy from the Prophet Muhammad in istishhad with poetry in tafsir. Both the existence of the hadith on which the Prophet made istishhad with poetry and the later periods use of istishhad with poetry in tafsir are important. The fact that he followed exactly the same methods as the Prophets gave important clues about the origins of istishhad with poetry in tafsir.

 In the classical period, poetry was widely used to explain strange words in verses, and Abdullah b. Abbas was often cited in this context. In academic studies, there are no references to any other companion other than Ibn Abbas except for the narration that Hz. Omar learned the meaning of a word in a verse through a poetic istishhad by someone from the Huzayl tribe or to the Prophet himself using poetry in his interpretation. However, when classical works are examined, there are narrations that Hz. Aisha also used this method in her interpretation and lexicography, in addition to Ibn Abbas. These findings raise the legitimate question of what the legitimacy of istishhad with poetry is. At this point, when the narrations conveyed from the Prophet are examined, a narration is found in Tirmidhis Sunan regarding his istishhad with poetry in his interpretation. As a result of the examinations, it was understood that the fact that this narration is a strange hadith does not mean a strange hadith in the sense of weak hadith in the hadith methodology. The aim of the article is to make some inferences regarding the determination of the framework regarding the istishhad method applied by the Prophet Muhammad in tafsir by the companions and later scholars and the diversification of methods in the use of poetry. In line with these goals, the problem of legitimacy ground in the active use of poems by Abdullah b. Abbas and later scholars while explaining strange words is taken as the basis in the article. From this point on, the literature review and content analysis methods based on phenomenology and grounded theory patterns of the qualitative research method were preferred in accordance with the structure of the article. In this framework, the phenomenon of legitimacy in istishhad with poetry is emphasized. In addition, the use of poetry by the companions together with the verse is included, and then the data in the tradition regarding the use of the poem that the Prophet Muhammad used istishhad in tafsir is determined and the obtained data is schematized after being collected with the inductive method. Then, it is compared whether the method of istishhad with poetry of both the companions and the scholars of the later periods parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In this way, traces of whether or not legitimacy was obtained from the Prophet Muhammad are pursued both in the companions and in the later periods. As a result of the examinations, it is clearly seen that the method of istishhad with poetry in tafsir of Abdullah b. Abbas and Hz. Omar parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In addition, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry in tafsir was also carried into the dictionary through Hz. Aisha in the period of the companions. In addition, when the uses of the poetry that the Prophet showed for tafsir from the period after the companions are examined, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry is still present in the fields of tafsir and lexicon. Both this framework and the practices of the companions have been identified as an indicator that the range of use of poetry was expanded by obtaining legitimacy from the Prophet Muhammad in istishhad with poetry in tafsir. Both the existence of the hadith on which the Prophet made istishhad with poetry and the later periods use of istishhad with poetry in tafsir are important. The fact that he followed exactly the same methods as the Prophets gave important clues about the origins of istishhad with poetry in tafsir.

 In the classical period, poetry was widely used to explain strange words in verses, and Abdullah b. Abbas was often cited in this context. In academic studies, there are no references to any other companion other than Ibn Abbas except for the narration that Hz. Omar learned the meaning of a word in a verse through a poetic istishhad by someone from the Huzayl tribe or to the Prophet himself using poetry in his interpretation. However, when classical works are examined, there are narrations that Hz. Aisha also used this method in her interpretation and lexicography, in addition to Ibn Abbas. These findings raise the legitimate question of what the legitimacy of istishhad with poetry is. At this point, when the narrations conveyed from the Prophet are examined, a narration is found in Tirmidhis Sunan regarding his istishhad with poetry in his interpretation. As a result of the examinations, it was understood that the fact that this narration is a strange hadith does not mean a strange hadith in the sense of weak hadith in the hadith methodology. The aim of the article is to make some inferences regarding the determination of the framework regarding the istishhad method applied by the Prophet Muhammad in tafsir by the companions and later scholars and the diversification of methods in the use of poetry. In line with these goals, the problem of legitimacy ground in the active use of poems by Abdullah b. Abbas and later scholars while explaining strange words is taken as the basis in the article. From this point on, the literature review and content analysis methods based on phenomenology and grounded theory patterns of the qualitative research method were preferred in accordance with the structure of the article. In this framework, the phenomenon of legitimacy in istishhad with poetry is emphasized. In addition, the use of poetry by the companions together with the verse is included, and then the data in the tradition regarding the use of the poem that the Prophet Muhammad used istishhad in tafsir is determined and the obtained data is schematized after being collected with the inductive method. Then, it is compared whether the method of istishhad with poetry of both the companions and the scholars of the later periods parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In this way, traces of whether or not legitimacy was obtained from the Prophet Muhammad are pursued both in the companions and in the later periods. As a result of the examinations, it is clearly seen that the method of istishhad with poetry in tafsir of Abdullah b. Abbas and Hz. Omar parallels the practice of the Prophet Muhammad. In addition, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry in tafsir was also carried into the dictionary through Hz. Aisha in the period of the companions. In addition, when the uses of the poetry that the Prophet showed for tafsir from the period after the companions are examined, it is noticed that istishhad with poetry is still present in the fields of tafsir and lexicon. Both this framework and the practices of the companions have been identified as an indicator that the range of use of poetry was expanded by obtaining legitimacy from the Prophet Muhammad in istishhad with poetry in tafsir. Both the existence of the hadith on which the Prophet made istishhad with poetry and the later periods use of istishhad with poetry in tafsir are important. The fact that he followed exactly the same methods as the Prophets gave important clues about the origins of istishhad with poetry in tafsir.

 Klasik dönemde özellikle ayetlerdeki garib kelimelerin açıklanması için şiirlere yaygın bir şekilde müracaat edilmiş, bu bağlamda ekseriyetle Abdullah b. Abbasa referans verilmiştir. Akademik çalışmalarda İbn Abbas dışında başka bir sahabinin Hz. Ömerin ayetteki bir kelimenin manasını Huzeyl kabilesinden birinin şiirle istişhadı ile öğrendiğine dair rivayet dışında veya Hz. Peygamberin kendisinin tefsirde şiire müracaat ettiğine ilişkin atıflara rastlanmamaktadır. Oysa klasik eserler incelendiğinde İbn Abbas dışında Hz. Aişenin de tefsir ile lügatte bu yola başvurduğuna dair rivayetler mevcuttur. Söz konusu bulgular, şiirle istişhadın meşruiyet zemininin ne olduğu haklı sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Bu noktada Hz. Peygamberden aktarılan rivayetler tetkik edildiğinde Tirmizinin Süneninde onun tefsirde şiirle istişhadına dair bir rivayete rastlanmaktadır. Bu rivayetin garip hadis olmasının, hadis usulünde zayıf hadis anlamındaki garip hadis manasına gelmediği tetkikler sonucunda anlaşılmıştır. Makalede Hz. Peygamberin tefsirde uyguladığı istişhad yönteminin sahabe ve sonraki âlimler tarafından takip edilmesi ve şiirin kullanımlarında yöntemlerin çeşitlenmesi hakkındaki çerçevesinin tespitine dair bazı çıkarımlar yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu hedefler doğrultusunda makalede Abdullah b. Abbas ve sonrasındaki âlimlerin garib kelimeleri açıklarken şiirleri aktif olarak kullanmalarındaki meşruiyet zemini problemi temel alınmıştır. Buradan hareketle makalenin yapısına uygun bir şekilde nitel araştırma yönteminin fenomenoloji ve gömülü kuram desenlerine dayalı literatür taraması ve içerik analizi yöntemleri tercih edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede şiirle istişhadda meşruiyet fenomeni üzerinde durulmaktadır. Ayrıca sahabenin ayetle birlikte şiir kullanımına yer verilmekte, akabinde Hz. Peygamberin tefsirde istişhad ettiği şiirin kullanımına dair gelenekteki veriler tespit edilmekte ve ulaşılan veriler tümevarım yöntemiyle toplandıktan sonra şematize edilmektedir. Ardından hem sahabi hem de sonraki dönem alimlerinin şiirle istişhad yönteminin Hz. Peygamberin uygulamasıyla paralel olup olmadığı karşılaştırılmaktadır. Bu şekilde Hz. Peygamberden meşruiyet alınıp alınmadığının izleri hem sahabe hem de sonraki dönemde sürülmektedir. İncelemeler sonucunda Abdullah b. Abbas ve Hz. Ömerin tefsirde şiirle istişhad yönteminin Hz. Peygamberin uygulamasıyla paralel olduğu açıkça görülmektedir. Buna ek olarak sahabe döneminde Hz. Aişe kanalıyla tefsirde şiirle istişhadın lügate da taşındığı fark edilmektedir. Ayrıca Hz. Peygamberin tefsir için gösterdiği şiirin sahabe sonrası dönemden itibaren kullanımları incelendiğinde ise şiirle istişhadın yine tefsir ve lügat alanlarında bulunduğu fark edilmiştir. Hem bu çerçeve hem de sahabenin uygulamaları, tefsirde şiirle istişhadda Hz. Peygamberden meşruiyet alınarak şiir kullanım yelpazesinin genişletildiğine dair bir gösterge olarak tespit edilmiştir. Gerek Hz. Peygamberin şiirle istişhad ettiği hadisin mevcudiyeti gerek sonraki dönemin Hz. Peygamberin uyguladığı yöntemle birebir aynı uygulamaları izlemiş olması tefsirde şiirle istişhadın kökenlerine dair önemli ipuçları vermektedir.

Makale detayları

The Legitimacy Grounds of Istishhad with Poetry in Tafsir: Specific to the Narration Attributed to the Prophet

Yazarlar:

Fatma Yalnız

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.299-320

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350429

pISSN:

2528-9861

Tafsir

Istishhad with Poetry in Tafsir

Prophet

Companions and After

Legitimacy.Tefsir

Hz. Peygamber

Meşruiyet.

İstişhad

Şiirle İstişhad

Sahabe

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatma Yalnız

Yayıncı: Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar: Tefsir

Dergi: Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.299-320

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350429

pISSN: 2528-9861

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatma Yalnız

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.299-320

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350429

pISSN:

2528-9861