THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FORMATION OF THE RHETORIC OF ANALOGY WITH THE COMPOSITION OF “MATHALUH KAMATHAL” IN THE QUR’AN

Usame İhtiyar

Makale detayları

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FORMATION OF THE RHETORIC OF ANALOGY WITH THE COMPOSITION OF “MATHALUH KAMATHAL” IN THE QUR’AN

Yazarlar:

Usame İhtiyar

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.1-17

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292557

pISSN:

1304-639X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study we take up the psychological motives of the simile made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in the Quran are discussed. In this sense, this article aimed to establish that rhetoric is related to psychology in many ways. The most obvious of these aspects are the fact that the speech creates a psychological effect on the interlocutor and that there are various types of this effect on the soul of the person. However, since psychology as a science has a breadth beyond the scope of our study, the focus here is on psychological motives as a matter of psychological epistemology, the role of psychological motives, which are also related to morality in terms of regulating human behavior in the Quran, has been scrutinized. It has been possible to determine the effect of rhetoric on human motivation, to reach this goal in this issue of simile, which is made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in different verses, we chose that rhetorical structure as a basis in terms of being the most eloquent and persuasive in speaking of Arabic as an application area in the Quran. This composition mesalühû kemeseli has a great importance especially in the psychological formation of the image created by the Quran, we seek to examine the referential and functional importance of using this rhetoric in terms of its relationship with psychological motives. The influence of psychological significance in shaping that pattern of analogy is determined. The connections between psychology and the eloquence of psychological simile were analyzed in the context of the use of the compound mathaluh kamathal in the Quran, and this analysis is based on three dimensions. first of all, avoiding the negative opposite to encourage positive psychological motivation; secondly, to strengthen the psychological motive of knowledge; The third is to exclude the psychological motive of imitation in human situations in which reason should be applied. The positive motive is encouraged by reference to the representative simile, which includes two opposing motives. So that the positive motive eliminates the negative motive. For this reason, it is excluded from the field of behavior by avoiding negative motivation through representative simile. Next, positive motivation is encouraged through another representative simile. In the construction of the aesthetic image, two or more representative similes are common in order to influence the addressee for the correction of human behavior. Sometimes simile takes place in the way of describing one thing with various adjectives of another thing due to diversity in representation. This diversity coincides with the identification of needs that are the source of the motives. Essentially, it is known that needs arise because of something that man lacks, and this leads people to achieve or realize that thing in order to ensure their psychological stability, and so on the behavior is affected as it is a tool of this process. This issue is clearly seen in the representative similes made in the Quran by the combination of mathaluh kamathal and aim to encourage the instinct of knowing together with motive of ideal behavior. Thus, it has been determined how to construct the simile used to express the effect of the psychological motivation of imitation on the individual and society. We also tried to provide a deep analysis of the signs of aesthetic similarity of the psychological image in the scene of the imaginary simile that was created through the representation of the metaphor with the combination of mathaluh kamathal one after the other.

 In this study we take up the psychological motives of the simile made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in the Quran are discussed. In this sense, this article aimed to establish that rhetoric is related to psychology in many ways. The most obvious of these aspects are the fact that the speech creates a psychological effect on the interlocutor and that there are various types of this effect on the soul of the person. However, since psychology as a science has a breadth beyond the scope of our study, the focus here is on psychological motives as a matter of psychological epistemology, the role of psychological motives, which are also related to morality in terms of regulating human behavior in the Quran, has been scrutinized. It has been possible to determine the effect of rhetoric on human motivation, to reach this goal in this issue of simile, which is made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in different verses, we chose that rhetorical structure as a basis in terms of being the most eloquent and persuasive in speaking of Arabic as an application area in the Quran. This composition mesalühû kemeseli has a great importance especially in the psychological formation of the image created by the Quran, we seek to examine the referential and functional importance of using this rhetoric in terms of its relationship with psychological motives. The influence of psychological significance in shaping that pattern of analogy is determined. The connections between psychology and the eloquence of psychological simile were analyzed in the context of the use of the compound mathaluh kamathal in the Quran, and this analysis is based on three dimensions. first of all, avoiding the negative opposite to encourage positive psychological motivation; secondly, to strengthen the psychological motive of knowledge; The third is to exclude the psychological motive of imitation in human situations in which reason should be applied. The positive motive is encouraged by reference to the representative simile, which includes two opposing motives. So that the positive motive eliminates the negative motive. For this reason, it is excluded from the field of behavior by avoiding negative motivation through representative simile. Next, positive motivation is encouraged through another representative simile. In the construction of the aesthetic image, two or more representative similes are common in order to influence the addressee for the correction of human behavior. Sometimes simile takes place in the way of describing one thing with various adjectives of another thing due to diversity in representation. This diversity coincides with the identification of needs that are the source of the motives. Essentially, it is known that needs arise because of something that man lacks, and this leads people to achieve or realize that thing in order to ensure their psychological stability, and so on the behavior is affected as it is a tool of this process. This issue is clearly seen in the representative similes made in the Quran by the combination of mathaluh kamathal and aim to encourage the instinct of knowing together with motive of ideal behavior. Thus, it has been determined how to construct the simile used to express the effect of the psychological motivation of imitation on the individual and society. We also tried to provide a deep analysis of the signs of aesthetic similarity of the psychological image in the scene of the imaginary simile that was created through the representation of the metaphor with the combination of mathaluh kamathal one after the other.

 In this study we take up the psychological motives of the simile made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in the Quran are discussed. In this sense, this article aimed to establish that rhetoric is related to psychology in many ways. The most obvious of these aspects are the fact that the speech creates a psychological effect on the interlocutor and that there are various types of this effect on the soul of the person. However, since psychology as a science has a breadth beyond the scope of our study, the focus here is on psychological motives as a matter of psychological epistemology, the role of psychological motives, which are also related to morality in terms of regulating human behavior in the Quran, has been scrutinized. It has been possible to determine the effect of rhetoric on human motivation, to reach this goal in this issue of simile, which is made with the combination of mathaluh kamathal in different verses, we chose that rhetorical structure as a basis in terms of being the most eloquent and persuasive in speaking of Arabic as an application area in the Quran. This composition mesalühû kemeseli has a great importance especially in the psychological formation of the image created by the Quran, we seek to examine the referential and functional importance of using this rhetoric in terms of its relationship with psychological motives. The influence of psychological significance in shaping that pattern of analogy is determined. The connections between psychology and the eloquence of psychological simile were analyzed in the context of the use of the compound mathaluh kamathal in the Quran, and this analysis is based on three dimensions. first of all, avoiding the negative opposite to encourage positive psychological motivation; secondly, to strengthen the psychological motive of knowledge; The third is to exclude the psychological motive of imitation in human situations in which reason should be applied. The positive motive is encouraged by reference to the representative simile, which includes two opposing motives. So that the positive motive eliminates the negative motive. For this reason, it is excluded from the field of behavior by avoiding negative motivation through representative simile. Next, positive motivation is encouraged through another representative simile. In the construction of the aesthetic image, two or more representative similes are common in order to influence the addressee for the correction of human behavior. Sometimes simile takes place in the way of describing one thing with various adjectives of another thing due to diversity in representation. This diversity coincides with the identification of needs that are the source of the motives. Essentially, it is known that needs arise because of something that man lacks, and this leads people to achieve or realize that thing in order to ensure their psychological stability, and so on the behavior is affected as it is a tool of this process. This issue is clearly seen in the representative similes made in the Quran by the combination of mathaluh kamathal and aim to encourage the instinct of knowing together with motive of ideal behavior. Thus, it has been determined how to construct the simile used to express the effect of the psychological motivation of imitation on the individual and society. We also tried to provide a deep analysis of the signs of aesthetic similarity of the psychological image in the scene of the imaginary simile that was created through the representation of the metaphor with the combination of mathaluh kamathal one after the other.

 Bu çalışmada, Kurân-ı Kerîmde meselühû kemeseli terkibiyle yapılan bir teşbihin psikolojik güdüleri ele alınmıştır. Bu anlamda, belagatin birçok yönden psikoloji ile bağlantılı olduğu temellendirilmek amaçlanmıştır. Konuşmanın muhatap üzerinde psikolojik bir etki alanı oluşturması ve insanın ruhu üzerindeki bu etkinin muhtelif çeşitlerinin olması, söz konusu yönlerden en bariz olanlarıdır. Bununla birlikte bir bilim olarak psikoloji, çalışmamızın sınırlarını aşan genişliğe sahip olduğu için, burada psikolojik epistemolojinin bir meselesi olarak psikolojik güdüler konusu odak noktası olarak alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda, insan davranışlarını düzenlemesi itibarıyla ahlakı da ilgilendiren psikolojik güdülerin Kurân-ı Kerîmde hitabın inşasındaki rolü mercek altına alınmıştır. Böylelikle, insanın motivasyonu üzerinde belagatin etkisini tespit etme imkânı yakalanmıştır. Bunun için, bu çalışmada öncelikle bir uygulama alanı olarak da Arapçanın en belîğ ve fasih kitabı olması açısından Kurân-ı Kerîm ve farklı farklı ayetlerde meselühü kemeseli terkibiyle yapılan bir teşbih meselesi esas alınmıştır. Bu terkip meselühû kemeseli özellikle Kurân-ı Kerîmin oluşturduğu imgenin psikolojik teşekkülünde büyük bir önemi haizdir. Bu bakımdan, psikolojik güdülerle ilişkisi açısından bu belaği kullanımın referansal ve işlevsel öneminin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Böylece, imgenin oluşumunun inşasında o terkibin psikolojik delaletinin etkisi belirlenmektedir. Bu çerçevede, Kurân-ı Kerîmde meselühû kemeseli terkibinin kullanımı bağlamında psikoloji ile psikolojik teşbihin belağatı arasındaki bağlantılar analiz edilmiştir. Bu analiz de üç boyutta temellendirilmiştir. Birincisi, pozitif psikolojik güdüyü teşvik etmek için negatife zıttan kaçınmak; ikincisi, bilginin psikolojik güdüsünü güçlendirmek; üçüncüsü ise taklidin psikolojik güdüsünü dışlamaktır. Pozitif bir güdü, iki zıt güdü kapsayan temsilî teşbihte zikredilerek teşvik edilmektedir. Öyle ki, pozitif bir güdü negatif bir güdüyü eler. Bunun için, temsilî teşbih yoluyla negatif güdüden kaçındırılarak davranış alanının dışında bırakılmaktadır. Daha sonra da, başka bir temsilî teşbih aracılığıyla pozitif güdü teşvik edilmektedir. Böylece, estetik imgenin inşasında insan davranışının düzeltilmesi için muhatabı etkilemek amacıyla iki veya daha fazla temsilî teşbih ortak olarak bulunur. Bazen teşbih, temsilde çeşitlilik gereği bir şeyi başka bir şeyin çeşitli sıfatlarıyla anlatmak tarzında gerçekleşmektedir. Bu çeşitlilik, bu güdülerin kaynağı olan ihtiyaçların teşhis edilmesiyle uyuşmaktadır. Esasen ihtiyaçların, insanın yoksun olduğu bir şeyden dolayı meydana geldiği bilinmektedir. Bu da psikolojik istikrarını sağlamak için insanı o şeyi elde etmeye veya gerçekleştirmeye sevk etmektedir. Bunun sonucunda ise, bu sürecin bir aracı olması itibarıyla davranış etkilenmektedir. İşte Kurân-ı Kerîmde meselühü kemeseli terkibiyle yapılan bu temsilî teşbihlerin tümü, bilme güdüsünü ve onunla birlikte davranış güdüsünü teşvik etme amacını taşımaktadır. Bu yüzden, konuyla bağlantılı olmaları açısından bilgi ve amel faktörleri de ele alınmıştır. Bilgiye yönelik bu psikolojik güdü, doğrudan merak ile ilgilidir. Merak da bilinmeyen bir şeyin hakikatinin bilgisine sahip olma arzusundan ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu ise, Kurân-ı Kerîmde meselühü kemeseli terkibiyle yapılan temsillerin delalet ettiği psikolojik güdülerden biridir. Bu bağlamda, teşbih yoluyla insan nefsini fıtratındaki doğru bilgiye sevk ederek bilme güdüsünün harekete geçirilmesinin amaçlandığı görülmektedir. Son olarak, temsil yoluyla körü körüne taklit etme güdüsünün dışlanması olgusu ele alınmıştır ki, bu, Kuran-ı Kerimde meselühü kemeseli terkibi kullanılarak temsil etmek yoluyla yapılan bu teşbihlerin temelinde yatan psikolojik güdülerin amaçlarından bir diğeridir. Bu teşbih, o güdünün birey üzerindeki etkisini artırmak için kullanılmıştır. Çünkü birey, bu grubu bilgisizce takip ederek gerçeği araştırmadan da taklit edebilmektedir. Bunun arkasında çoğu zaman sürü psikolojisi yatmaktadır. Bu olguyu ele alınırken, Kurân-ı Kerîmin ayetlerinden alıntıladığımız delillere dayanılmıştır. Böylelikle, taklidin bu psikolojik güdüsünün birey ve toplum üzerindeki etkisini ifade etmek için kullanılan teşbihin nasıl kurulacağını saptanmış ve meselühü kemeseli terkibiyle temsil etme yoluyla inşa edilen imgesel teşbihin sahnesinde, bilgisiz taklitçi imgesinin psikolojik benzetmesinin sanatsal ve estetik teşbihin delaletleri tek tek ortaya konulmuştur.

Makale detayları

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FORMATION OF THE RHETORIC OF ANALOGY WITH THE COMPOSITION OF “MATHALUH KAMATHAL” IN THE QUR’AN

Yazarlar:

Usame İhtiyar

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.1-17

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292557

pISSN:

1304-639X

Psychological motivation

Positive motivation

Negative motivation

Rhetoric

Analogy

RepresentationPsikolojik güdü

Pozitif güdü

Negatif güdü

Belagat

Teşbih

Temsil

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Usame İhtiyar

Yayıncı: Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar: Din Araştırmaları

Dergi: Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.1-17

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Arapça

Document ID (Org No.): 2001292557

pISSN: 1304-639X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Usame İhtiyar

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din Araştırmaları

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 1, pp.1-17

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Arapça

Document ID (Org No.):

2001292557

pISSN:

1304-639X