HETERODOX SEARCH FOR POWER IN OTTOMAN ANATOLIA:  SHEIK BEDRETTIN AND THE SHAH KULU

Haldun Eroğlu

Makale detayları

HETERODOX SEARCH FOR POWER IN OTTOMAN ANATOLIA: SHEIK BEDRETTIN AND THE SHAH KULU

Yazarlar:

Haldun Eroğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.339-352

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332933

pISSN:

1306-8253

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The multilingual, multi-religious and multicultural social structure of the Ottomans, defined as an empire, had literally begun to form during the time of Mehmet II. Its purpose, which was also reflected in the law of the organization, was aimed at taking away the rights of other male children other than the one who seized the reigning. This, whether it was necessary or not, had led to the emergence of a strong and effective opposition. The opposition that developed against the Ottoman administration was not limited to this. At the same time, new efforts for power were manifesting themselves outside the members of the dynasty. The opposition to the Ottoman central authority, which was formed under three headings, existed at the initiative of Turkmen groups, one of which felt marginalized in Anatolia. One of the different socially, politically and economically based efforts was to create new power carried out by Sheikh Bedreddin at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and the other was to seize the Ottoman power by Shahkulu at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The common point of the two movements, which differed from each other in terms of their emergence, supporters and goals, was that they were supported by heterodox kizilbash groups that felt excluded in Ottoman Anatolia. In this study, the historical background, justification, formation form and consequences of the efforts of Sheikh Bedrettin and Shahkulu for a new power based on the kizilbash doctrine and social base, which are considered as a rebellion against the central authority in Ottoman sources and defined with very harsh expressions, will be examined, and the social decomposition created by the empire will be focused on the reasons for its reaction.

 The multilingual, multi-religious and multicultural social structure of the Ottomans, defined as an empire, had literally begun to form during the time of Mehmet II. Its purpose, which was also reflected in the law of the organization, was aimed at taking away the rights of other male children other than the one who seized the reigning. This, whether it was necessary or not, had led to the emergence of a strong and effective opposition. The opposition that developed against the Ottoman administration was not limited to this. At the same time, new efforts for power were manifesting themselves outside the members of the dynasty. The opposition to the Ottoman central authority, which was formed under three headings, existed at the initiative of Turkmen groups, one of which felt marginalized in Anatolia. One of the different socially, politically and economically based efforts was to create new power carried out by Sheikh Bedreddin at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and the other was to seize the Ottoman power by Shahkulu at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The common point of the two movements, which differed from each other in terms of their emergence, supporters and goals, was that they were supported by heterodox kizilbash groups that felt excluded in Ottoman Anatolia. In this study, the historical background, justification, formation form and consequences of the efforts of Sheikh Bedrettin and Shahkulu for a new power based on the kizilbash doctrine and social base, which are considered as a rebellion against the central authority in Ottoman sources and defined with very harsh expressions, will be examined, and the social decomposition created by the empire will be focused on the reasons for its reaction.

 The multilingual, multi-religious and multicultural social structure of the Ottomans, defined as an empire, had literally begun to form during the time of Mehmet II. Its purpose, which was also reflected in the law of the organization, was aimed at taking away the rights of other male children other than the one who seized the reigning. This, whether it was necessary or not, had led to the emergence of a strong and effective opposition. The opposition that developed against the Ottoman administration was not limited to this. At the same time, new efforts for power were manifesting themselves outside the members of the dynasty. The opposition to the Ottoman central authority, which was formed under three headings, existed at the initiative of Turkmen groups, one of which felt marginalized in Anatolia. One of the different socially, politically and economically based efforts was to create new power carried out by Sheikh Bedreddin at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and the other was to seize the Ottoman power by Shahkulu at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The common point of the two movements, which differed from each other in terms of their emergence, supporters and goals, was that they were supported by heterodox kizilbash groups that felt excluded in Ottoman Anatolia. In this study, the historical background, justification, formation form and consequences of the efforts of Sheikh Bedrettin and Shahkulu for a new power based on the kizilbash doctrine and social base, which are considered as a rebellion against the central authority in Ottoman sources and defined with very harsh expressions, will be examined, and the social decomposition created by the empire will be focused on the reasons for its reaction.

 : Osmanlıların, imparatorluk olarak tanımlanan çok dilli, çok dinli ve çok kültürlü toplumsal yapısı tam anlamıyla Mehmet II zamanında teşekkül etmeye başlamıştı. Mehmetin, Teşkilat kanunnamesine de yansıyan amacı hükümdarlığı ele geçirenin dışındaki diğer erkek çocukların haklarını ellerinden almaya yönelikti. Bu da ister istemez güçlü ve etkili bir muhalefetin ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştı. Aslında Osmanlı iktidarına karşı gelişen muhalefet bununla sınırlı değildi. Aynı zamanda hanedan üyeleri dışında yeni iktidar çabaları da kendini gösteriyordu. Üç başlık altında oluşan Osmanlı merkezi otoritesine muhalefetin biri Anadoluda kendini ötekileşmiş hisseden Türkmen zümrelerin girişimleri halinde var olmuştu. Farklı sosyal, siyasal ve ekonomik temelli çabalardan biri, on beşinci yüzyılın başında Şeyh Bedreddin tarafından yürütülen yeni iktidar yaratmak, diğeri on altıncı yüzyılın başında Şahkulu tarafından Osmanlı iktidarını ele geçirmekti. Ortaya çıkışı, destekçileri ve amaçları bakımından birbirinden farklılık gösteren iki hareketin ortak noktası Osmanlı Anadolusunda kendilerini dışlanmış hisseden heterodoks kızılbaş zümrelerce desteklenmeleriydi. Bu çalışmada; Osmanlı kaynaklarında merkezi otoriteye karşı isyan olarak görülen ve çok sert ifadelerle tanımlanan ancak özünde Şeyh Bedrettin ve Şahkulunun, kızılbaş öğretisi ve toplumsal tabanına dayanan yeni bir iktidar çabalarının tarihsel arka planı ortaya konulmaya çalışılacak, her iki hareketin de gerekçesi, oluş biçimi ve sonuçları irdelenerek, imparatorluğunun verdiği tepkinin sebepleriyle, yarattığı toplumsal ayrışma üzerinde durulacaktır.

Makale detayları

HETERODOX SEARCH FOR POWER IN OTTOMAN ANATOLIA: SHEIK BEDRETTIN AND THE SHAH KULU

Yazarlar:

Haldun Eroğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.339-352

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332933

pISSN:

1306-8253

Sheik Bedrettin

Shahkulu

Kizilbash

HeterodoxŞeyh Bedrettin

Şahkulu

Kızılbaş

Heterodoks

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Haldun Eroğlu

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.339-352

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001332933

pISSN: 1306-8253

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Haldun Eroğlu

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 112, pp.339-352

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001332933

pISSN:

1306-8253