Investigation of the Effect of Changing Magnet Type and Slot Number on Torque Ripple in Brushless DC Motor

Öztürk Tosun; Füsun Serteller; Uğur Demir; Bekir Geçer

Makale detayları

Investigation of the Effect of Changing Magnet Type and Slot Number on Torque Ripple in Brushless DC Motor

Yazarlar:

Öztürk Tosun | Füsun Serteller | Uğur Demir | Bekir Geçer

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.281-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358171

pISSN:

2636-8277

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study presents a comprehensive parametric analysis of how magnet type and stator slot number influence the electromagnetic torque characteristics of brushless direct current BLDC motors, with a particular focus on optimizing design for enhanced performance and stability. Unlike previous studies that treat these parameters in isolation, this work systematically investigates their combined impact using detailed 2D transient electromagnetic simulations performed in ANSYS Maxwell. Three different magnet materials NdFeB, SmCo, and the relatively underexplored XG19696 were evaluated to assess their influence on magnetic saturation, flux distribution, and torque ripple. Additionally, the effect of stator slot number on torque stability and average output torque was quantified, revealing critical insights into electromagnetic noise mitigation and motor smoothness. Notably, XG19696, despite its lower cost, exhibited a 36.3 torque reduction compared to NdFe35, positioning it as a potential candidate for cost-sensitive applications where performance trade-offs are acceptable. Furthermore, the results indicate that increasing the stator slot number significantly suppresses torque ripple, promoting a more stable operation. The originality of this work lies in its multi-parameter design perspective, offering a novel optimization approach that couples material properties with structural design to enhance BLDC motor efficiency. The findings contribute to the development of more robust and application-specific BLDC motor designs.

 This study presents a comprehensive parametric analysis of how magnet type and stator slot number influence the electromagnetic torque characteristics of brushless direct current BLDC motors, with a particular focus on optimizing design for enhanced performance and stability. Unlike previous studies that treat these parameters in isolation, this work systematically investigates their combined impact using detailed 2D transient electromagnetic simulations performed in ANSYS Maxwell. Three different magnet materials NdFeB, SmCo, and the relatively underexplored XG19696 were evaluated to assess their influence on magnetic saturation, flux distribution, and torque ripple. Additionally, the effect of stator slot number on torque stability and average output torque was quantified, revealing critical insights into electromagnetic noise mitigation and motor smoothness. Notably, XG19696, despite its lower cost, exhibited a 36.3 torque reduction compared to NdFe35, positioning it as a potential candidate for cost-sensitive applications where performance trade-offs are acceptable. Furthermore, the results indicate that increasing the stator slot number significantly suppresses torque ripple, promoting a more stable operation. The originality of this work lies in its multi-parameter design perspective, offering a novel optimization approach that couples material properties with structural design to enhance BLDC motor efficiency. The findings contribute to the development of more robust and application-specific BLDC motor designs.

 This study presents a comprehensive parametric analysis of how magnet type and stator slot number influence the electromagnetic torque characteristics of brushless direct current BLDC motors, with a particular focus on optimizing design for enhanced performance and stability. Unlike previous studies that treat these parameters in isolation, this work systematically investigates their combined impact using detailed 2D transient electromagnetic simulations performed in ANSYS Maxwell. Three different magnet materials NdFeB, SmCo, and the relatively underexplored XG19696 were evaluated to assess their influence on magnetic saturation, flux distribution, and torque ripple. Additionally, the effect of stator slot number on torque stability and average output torque was quantified, revealing critical insights into electromagnetic noise mitigation and motor smoothness. Notably, XG19696, despite its lower cost, exhibited a 36.3 torque reduction compared to NdFe35, positioning it as a potential candidate for cost-sensitive applications where performance trade-offs are acceptable. Furthermore, the results indicate that increasing the stator slot number significantly suppresses torque ripple, promoting a more stable operation. The originality of this work lies in its multi-parameter design perspective, offering a novel optimization approach that couples material properties with structural design to enhance BLDC motor efficiency. The findings contribute to the development of more robust and application-specific BLDC motor designs.

 Bu çalışma, fırçasız doğru akım BLDC motorlarının elektromanyetik tork karakteristikleri üzerinde mıknatıs tipi ve stator oluk sayısının etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz etmekte ve özellikle performans ve kararlılığı artırmaya yönelik tasarım optimizasyonuna odaklanmaktadır. Literatürde genellikle bu parametreler ayrı ayrı ele alınırken, bu çalışmada her iki parametrenin birlikte etkisi ANSYS Maxwell ortamında gerçekleştirilen ayrıntılı 2D elektromanyetik simülasyonlarla sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. NdFeB, SmCo ve literatürde görece daha az incelenmiş olan XG19696 gibi üç farklı mıknatıs malzemesi kullanılarak, manyetik doyma, manyetik akı dağılımı ve tork salınımı üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, stator oluk sayısının ortalama tork ve tork kararlılığı üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilerek elektromanyetik gürültü azaltımı ve motorun düzgün çalışması açısından önemli bulgular elde edilmiştir. Özellikle XG19696, daha düşük maliyetli olmasına rağmen NdFe35e kıyasla 36,3 daha düşük tork üretmiş ve performans-ticari denge gözetilen uygulamalar için potansiyel bir alternatif olarak öne çıkmıştır. Bunun yanında, stator oluk sayısındaki artışın tork salınımını önemli ölçüde azalttığı ve daha kararlı bir motor çalışması sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın özgün yönü, mıknatıs malzeme özellikleri ile yapısal tasarımı birlikte optimize eden çok parametreli bir yaklaşım sunmasıdır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, daha verimli ve uygulamaya özel BLDC motor tasarımlarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.

Makale detayları

Investigation of the Effect of Changing Magnet Type and Slot Number on Torque Ripple in Brushless DC Motor

Yazarlar:

Öztürk Tosun | Füsun Serteller | Uğur Demir | Bekir Geçer

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.281-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358171

pISSN:

2636-8277

BLDC motor

ANSYS/Maxwell

Torque

Efficiency

Flux densityFSDAM

ANSYS/Maxwell

Tork

Verim

Akı Yoğunluğu

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Öztürk Tosun | Füsun Serteller | Uğur Demir | Bekir Geçer

Yayıncı: Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar: Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler

Dergi: International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.281-292

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001358171

pISSN: 2636-8277

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Öztürk Tosun | Füsun Serteller | Uğur Demir | Bekir Geçer

Yayıncı:

Marmara University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler

Dergi:

International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences Vol.37 Issue 3, pp.281-292

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358171

pISSN:

2636-8277