A Critical Reading on the Level of Literary Art in the First Poems of al-Mutanabbî

Adnan Arslan

Makale detayları

A Critical Reading on the Level of Literary Art in the First Poems of al-Mutanabbî

Yazarlar:

Adnan Arslan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.264-284

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320813

pISSN:

2602-2346

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study aims to criticize the poetry of al-Mutanabbi, a prominent figure of the Abbasid period Arabic poetry, in terms of literary arts in his childhood and early youth. In this way, it seeks to illuminate how the experiences and emotions of al-Mutanabbis youth are reflected in his poetry, the nature of his use of language, theme and style, and where he stands within the cultural and social context of his time, as well as the influence of previous literary heritage and other poets on his pre-maturity poetry. The article examines how al-Mutanabbis poetry in his youth laid the foundation for his mature works and contributed to his literary development. It is observed that the majority of academic studies on al-Mutanabbi do not focus much on his pre-maturity period. However, it has been determined that the poems written by the poet during his childhood and early youth also have aspects worthy of artistic criticism. Therefore, this point constitutes the importance and originality of the study. Content analysis was adopted as the method of the study. From this point of view, the poems were first analyzed in terms of declarative arts. The poets applications of metaphor and simile, which we find particularly successful, were selected and literary arts were analyzed through the commentaries of these couplets. In order to emphasize the critical aspect of the study, the poets unsuccessful examples of metaphor and simile were criticized. As far as we can see, al-Mutanabbis poems in this period contain forms of expression that do not seek the level he reached in his maturity. In these couplets, examples of which are given in this study, the signs and indications of the poets literary genius are strongly felt. By using these arts successfully, the poet expresses abstract concepts and emotions in a concrete way, touching the emotional world of the reader. Deep and layered meanings are hidden in the poets successful examples of metaphor. On the other hand, there are some examples of simile and metaphor that show that the poet has not yet reached maturity, and his expressions are weak, unqualified and disturbing to literary sensibility. In this study, the poets poems of this period are also analyzed in terms of the arts such as tehallus, hüsn-ü hatime, etc. The poet lived in a period when the Arabs were influenced by the philosophical knowledge and cultural heritage of other nations. It has been determined that this influence manifested itself in the form of philosophical and wisdom tendencies in the poets early poems. Such couplets are analyzed under a separate heading in this study. al-Mutanabbis couplets, which we find quite inadequate and unsuccessful when compared to the poems of his maturity period, are discussed separately under a separate heading. Under another heading, which we cover extensively in the study, the poets exaggerated narratives are analyzed. Here we focus on couplets that suggest that the poet was prone to exaggeration from his childhood. One of the most important findings of the study is that al-Mutanabbi was aware from his childhood that he would become a great poet. He was conscious of his literary talent and could not help boasting of his megalomaniacal level in many of his poems. From this point of view, it can be said that the poet began his literary life as someone who exalted his own self to this extent and pushed his potential to become the best poet to the limit with the motivation given by overconfidence.

 This study aims to criticize the poetry of al-Mutanabbi, a prominent figure of the Abbasid period Arabic poetry, in terms of literary arts in his childhood and early youth. In this way, it seeks to illuminate how the experiences and emotions of al-Mutanabbis youth are reflected in his poetry, the nature of his use of language, theme and style, and where he stands within the cultural and social context of his time, as well as the influence of previous literary heritage and other poets on his pre-maturity poetry. The article examines how al-Mutanabbis poetry in his youth laid the foundation for his mature works and contributed to his literary development. It is observed that the majority of academic studies on al-Mutanabbi do not focus much on his pre-maturity period. However, it has been determined that the poems written by the poet during his childhood and early youth also have aspects worthy of artistic criticism. Therefore, this point constitutes the importance and originality of the study. Content analysis was adopted as the method of the study. From this point of view, the poems were first analyzed in terms of declarative arts. The poets applications of metaphor and simile, which we find particularly successful, were selected and literary arts were analyzed through the commentaries of these couplets. In order to emphasize the critical aspect of the study, the poets unsuccessful examples of metaphor and simile were criticized. As far as we can see, al-Mutanabbis poems in this period contain forms of expression that do not seek the level he reached in his maturity. In these couplets, examples of which are given in this study, the signs and indications of the poets literary genius are strongly felt. By using these arts successfully, the poet expresses abstract concepts and emotions in a concrete way, touching the emotional world of the reader. Deep and layered meanings are hidden in the poets successful examples of metaphor. On the other hand, there are some examples of simile and metaphor that show that the poet has not yet reached maturity, and his expressions are weak, unqualified and disturbing to literary sensibility. In this study, the poets poems of this period are also analyzed in terms of the arts such as tehallus, hüsn-ü hatime, etc. The poet lived in a period when the Arabs were influenced by the philosophical knowledge and cultural heritage of other nations. It has been determined that this influence manifested itself in the form of philosophical and wisdom tendencies in the poets early poems. Such couplets are analyzed under a separate heading in this study. al-Mutanabbis couplets, which we find quite inadequate and unsuccessful when compared to the poems of his maturity period, are discussed separately under a separate heading. Under another heading, which we cover extensively in the study, the poets exaggerated narratives are analyzed. Here we focus on couplets that suggest that the poet was prone to exaggeration from his childhood. One of the most important findings of the study is that al-Mutanabbi was aware from his childhood that he would become a great poet. He was conscious of his literary talent and could not help boasting of his megalomaniacal level in many of his poems. From this point of view, it can be said that the poet began his literary life as someone who exalted his own self to this extent and pushed his potential to become the best poet to the limit with the motivation given by overconfidence.

 This study aims to criticize the poetry of al-Mutanabbi, a prominent figure of the Abbasid period Arabic poetry, in terms of literary arts in his childhood and early youth. In this way, it seeks to illuminate how the experiences and emotions of al-Mutanabbis youth are reflected in his poetry, the nature of his use of language, theme and style, and where he stands within the cultural and social context of his time, as well as the influence of previous literary heritage and other poets on his pre-maturity poetry. The article examines how al-Mutanabbis poetry in his youth laid the foundation for his mature works and contributed to his literary development. It is observed that the majority of academic studies on al-Mutanabbi do not focus much on his pre-maturity period. However, it has been determined that the poems written by the poet during his childhood and early youth also have aspects worthy of artistic criticism. Therefore, this point constitutes the importance and originality of the study. Content analysis was adopted as the method of the study. From this point of view, the poems were first analyzed in terms of declarative arts. The poets applications of metaphor and simile, which we find particularly successful, were selected and literary arts were analyzed through the commentaries of these couplets. In order to emphasize the critical aspect of the study, the poets unsuccessful examples of metaphor and simile were criticized. As far as we can see, al-Mutanabbis poems in this period contain forms of expression that do not seek the level he reached in his maturity. In these couplets, examples of which are given in this study, the signs and indications of the poets literary genius are strongly felt. By using these arts successfully, the poet expresses abstract concepts and emotions in a concrete way, touching the emotional world of the reader. Deep and layered meanings are hidden in the poets successful examples of metaphor. On the other hand, there are some examples of simile and metaphor that show that the poet has not yet reached maturity, and his expressions are weak, unqualified and disturbing to literary sensibility. In this study, the poets poems of this period are also analyzed in terms of the arts such as tehallus, hüsn-ü hatime, etc. The poet lived in a period when the Arabs were influenced by the philosophical knowledge and cultural heritage of other nations. It has been determined that this influence manifested itself in the form of philosophical and wisdom tendencies in the poets early poems. Such couplets are analyzed under a separate heading in this study. al-Mutanabbis couplets, which we find quite inadequate and unsuccessful when compared to the poems of his maturity period, are discussed separately under a separate heading. Under another heading, which we cover extensively in the study, the poets exaggerated narratives are analyzed. Here we focus on couplets that suggest that the poet was prone to exaggeration from his childhood. One of the most important findings of the study is that al-Mutanabbi was aware from his childhood that he would become a great poet. He was conscious of his literary talent and could not help boasting of his megalomaniacal level in many of his poems. From this point of view, it can be said that the poet began his literary life as someone who exalted his own self to this extent and pushed his potential to become the best poet to the limit with the motivation given by overconfidence.

 Bu çalışmada, Abbasi dönemi Arap şiirinin öne çıkan ismi Mütenebbînin ö. 354965 çocukluk ve erken gençlik döneminde söylediği şiirlerinin edebi sanatlar açısından eleştirisi amaçlanmıştır. Bu suretle, Mütenebbinin gençlik yıllarında edindiği deneyimlerin ve duyguların şiirlerine nasıl yansıdığı, onun dil, tema ve üslup kullanımının niteliği ve çağının kültürel ve toplumsal bağlamı içinde nerede durduğu, onun olgunluk öncesi şiirlerinde, önceki edebi mirasın ve diğer şairlerin etkileri gibi hususlar aydınlatılmak istenmiştir. Makalede, Mütenebbinin gençlik yıllarındaki şiirlerinin onun olgunluk dönemi eserlerine nasıl bir temel oluşturduğu ve onun edebi gelişimine nasıl katkı sağladığı incelenmiştir. Mütenebbî üzerine yapılan akademik çalışmaların büyük çoğunluğunun olgunluk öncesi döneme çok eğilmediği görülmektedir. Hâlbuki şairin çocukluk ve erken gençlik döneminde kaleme aldığı şiirlerin de sanatsal açıdan kritiğe değer yönleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu nokta, çalışmanın önem ve özgünlüğünü teşkil etmektedir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak içerik analizi benimsenmiştir. Buradan hareketle önce şiirlerin beyan sanatları açısından tahlili yapılmıştır. Şairin özellikle başarılı bulduğumuz istiare ve teşbih uygulamaları seçilmiş ve bu beyitlerin şerhleri üzerinden edebi sanatlar incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın eleştirel yönünün ön plana çıkarılması amacıyla şairin başarısız bulunan istiare ve teşbih örneklerinin kritiği yapılmıştır. Görüldüğü kadarıyla Mütenebbînin bu dönemde söylediği şiirlerinde olgunluk döneminde yakaladığı seviyeyi aratmayacak nitelikte ifade biçimleri bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada örneklerine yer verdiğimiz bu beyitlerde şairin edebi bir dehaya sahip olduğunun alamet ve işaretleri kendini güçlü bir şekilde hissettirmektedir. Şair, bu sanatları başarılı bir şekilde kullanmakla soyut kavramlar ve duyguları somut bir şekilde ifade eder, okuyucunun duygusal dünyasına dokunur. Şairin başarılı bulduğumuz istiare örneklerinde, derinlikli ve katmanlı anlamlar saklıdır. Bunun dışında bazı teşbih ve istiare örneklerinde de şairin henüz olgunluğa ermediğini gösteren zayıf, niteliksiz ve edebi duyarlılığı rahatsız edecek türden ifadeleri vardır. Çalışmada şairin bu döneme ait şiirleri; tehallus, hüsn-ü hatime vb. sanatlar açısından da incelenmiştir. Şair, Arapların diğer milletlerin felsefi birikim ve kültürel miraslarından etkilendiği bir dönemde yaşamıştır. İşbu etkinin şairin erken dönem şiirlerinde felsefî ve hikemî eğilimin şeklinde tezahür ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu türden beyitler çalışmada ayrı bir başlık halinde incelenmiştir. Mütenebbînin olgunluk dönemi şiirlerine kıyaslandığında oldukça yetersiz ve başarısız bulduğumuz beyitleri müstakil bir başlık altında ayrıca ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada geniş bir şekilde yer verdiğimiz diğer bir başlık altında şairin abartılı anlatımları incelenmiştir. Burada şairin abartılı anlatımlarda epey bir aşırıya kaçmaya çocukluğundan itibaren yatkın olduğu düşüncesini uyandıran beyitler üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın en önemli bulgularından birisi olarak şu tespit edilmiştir ki Mütenebbî, küçüklüğünden itibaren büyük bir şair olacağının farkındadır. İçindeki edebi melekenin bilincinde olmuş ve pek çok şiirinde megaloman düzeyde iftihar etmekten kendini alamamıştır. Buradan hareketle, şairin kendi benliğini bu derecede yüceltmiş biri olarak edebi hayatına başladığı ve aşırı özgüvenin verdiği motivasyonla en iyi şair olma potansiyelini sonuna kadar zorladığı söylenebilir.

Makale detayları

A Critical Reading on the Level of Literary Art in the First Poems of al-Mutanabbî

Yazarlar:

Adnan Arslan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.264-284

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320813

pISSN:

2602-2346

Arabic rhetoric

Arabic poetry

al-Mutanabbi

Abbasid poetry

EulogyArap dili belagati

Arap şiiri

Mütenebbî

Abbasi şiiri

Methiye.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Adnan Arslan

Yayıncı: Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar: Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.264-284

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001320813

pISSN: 2602-2346

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Adnan Arslan

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arap Dili ve Belagatı

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 52, pp.264-284

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320813

pISSN:

2602-2346