Comparison of Elastic Modules in High-Strength Concretes in International Standards

Nevbahar Ekin

Makale detayları

Comparison of Elastic Modules in High-Strength Concretes in International Standards

Yazarlar:

Nevbahar Ekin

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.312-326

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356823

pISSN:

1308-6529

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Abstract: The static elastic modulus of concrete is a very important parameter in terms of the design, safety, and performance of reinforced concrete structures. This parameter is used in the calculation of deformations of load-bearing systems, in engineering calculations such as section design and crack control, in soil settlement and foundation system analyses, and in the prediction of shrinkage and creep effects that will occur over time. The static elastic modulus is generally calculated experimentally by obtaining the load-deformation curve in pressure tests applied on cylindrical or prismatic samples, and empirically from the compressive strength values. When determining the static elastic modules of concrete, they are calculated differently according to international standards belonging to different countries. The fact that international standards give different results is based on technical, geological, climatic, cultural, and political foundations. Therefore, a standard developed in one country should not be used directly in another country, or a conformity analysis should be performed before use. It is very important to reveal the consequences of these differences in international standards in terms of construction calculations during the construction phase. For this reason, the study aimed to compare the elastic modules in international standards in high-strength concretes. Accordingly, 4 different high-strength concrete designs were prepared. Uniaxial compressive strengths of the prepared designs were determined by ultrasonic pressure P and shear S wave measurements. Accordingly, static elastic parameters were calculated based on the Uniaxial Compressive Strength UCS results, and dynamic elastic parameters were calculated from the pressure Vp and shear Vs wave velocities determined by the ultrasonic method, which is one of the non-destructive testing techniques. Then, a comparison was made between the static and dynamic elastic modules calculated according to the American Concrete Institute ACI, European Concrete Committee CEB, Turkish Standards Institute TSE, and Norwegian standards NS. In addition, dynamic elastic parameters and percentage  change rates between static elastic parameters were determined. Accordingly, the closest static and dynamic elastic parameter values were found in CEB, TSE, ACI, and NS standards, respectively.

 Abstract: The static elastic modulus of concrete is a very important parameter in terms of the design, safety, and performance of reinforced concrete structures. This parameter is used in the calculation of deformations of load-bearing systems, in engineering calculations such as section design and crack control, in soil settlement and foundation system analyses, and in the prediction of shrinkage and creep effects that will occur over time. The static elastic modulus is generally calculated experimentally by obtaining the load-deformation curve in pressure tests applied on cylindrical or prismatic samples, and empirically from the compressive strength values. When determining the static elastic modules of concrete, they are calculated differently according to international standards belonging to different countries. The fact that international standards give different results is based on technical, geological, climatic, cultural, and political foundations. Therefore, a standard developed in one country should not be used directly in another country, or a conformity analysis should be performed before use. It is very important to reveal the consequences of these differences in international standards in terms of construction calculations during the construction phase. For this reason, the study aimed to compare the elastic modules in international standards in high-strength concretes. Accordingly, 4 different high-strength concrete designs were prepared. Uniaxial compressive strengths of the prepared designs were determined by ultrasonic pressure P and shear S wave measurements. Accordingly, static elastic parameters were calculated based on the Uniaxial Compressive Strength UCS results, and dynamic elastic parameters were calculated from the pressure Vp and shear Vs wave velocities determined by the ultrasonic method, which is one of the non-destructive testing techniques. Then, a comparison was made between the static and dynamic elastic modules calculated according to the American Concrete Institute ACI, European Concrete Committee CEB, Turkish Standards Institute TSE, and Norwegian standards NS. In addition, dynamic elastic parameters and percentage  change rates between static elastic parameters were determined. Accordingly, the closest static and dynamic elastic parameter values were found in CEB, TSE, ACI, and NS standards, respectively.

 Abstract: The static elastic modulus of concrete is a very important parameter in terms of the design, safety, and performance of reinforced concrete structures. This parameter is used in the calculation of deformations of load-bearing systems, in engineering calculations such as section design and crack control, in soil settlement and foundation system analyses, and in the prediction of shrinkage and creep effects that will occur over time. The static elastic modulus is generally calculated experimentally by obtaining the load-deformation curve in pressure tests applied on cylindrical or prismatic samples, and empirically from the compressive strength values. When determining the static elastic modules of concrete, they are calculated differently according to international standards belonging to different countries. The fact that international standards give different results is based on technical, geological, climatic, cultural, and political foundations. Therefore, a standard developed in one country should not be used directly in another country, or a conformity analysis should be performed before use. It is very important to reveal the consequences of these differences in international standards in terms of construction calculations during the construction phase. For this reason, the study aimed to compare the elastic modules in international standards in high-strength concretes. Accordingly, 4 different high-strength concrete designs were prepared. Uniaxial compressive strengths of the prepared designs were determined by ultrasonic pressure P and shear S wave measurements. Accordingly, static elastic parameters were calculated based on the Uniaxial Compressive Strength UCS results, and dynamic elastic parameters were calculated from the pressure Vp and shear Vs wave velocities determined by the ultrasonic method, which is one of the non-destructive testing techniques. Then, a comparison was made between the static and dynamic elastic modules calculated according to the American Concrete Institute ACI, European Concrete Committee CEB, Turkish Standards Institute TSE, and Norwegian standards NS. In addition, dynamic elastic parameters and percentage  change rates between static elastic parameters were determined. Accordingly, the closest static and dynamic elastic parameter values were found in CEB, TSE, ACI, and NS standards, respectively.

 Betonun statik elastik modülü, betonarme yapıların tasarımı, güvenliği ve performansı açısından oldukça önemli bir parametredir. Bu parametre, taşıyıcı sistemlerin deformasyonlarının hesaplanmasında, kesit tasarımı ve çatlak kontrolü gibi mühendislik hesaplarında, zemin oturması ve temel sistemi analizlerinde ve zamanla oluşacak rötre ve sünme etkilerinin öngörülmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Statik elastisite modülü deneysel olarak silindirik veya prizmatik numuneler üzerinde uygulanan basınç deneylerinde genellikle yük-deformasyon eğrisi elde edilerek; ampirik olarak ise basınç dayanım değerlerinden hesaplanmaktadır. Betonun statik elastik modülleri belirlenirken farklı ülkelere ait uluslararası standartlara göre birbirinden farklı hesaplanmaktadır. Uluslararası standartların farklı sonuçlar vermesi teknik, jeolojik, iklimsel, kültürel ve politik temellere dayanmaktadır. Bu yüzden, bir ülkede geliştirilmiş bir standardın başka bir ülkede doğrudan kullanılmaması, ya da kullanılmadan önce uygunluk analizinin yapılması gerekmektedir. Uluslararası standartlardaki bu farklılığın doğurduğu sonuçların ortaya konulması, yapım aşamasındaki inşaat hesaplamaları açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu sebeple yapılan çalışmada, yüksek dayanımlı betonlarda uluslararası standartlardaki elastik modüllerin karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Buna göre, 4 farklı yüksek dayanımlı beton tasarımı hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan tasarımların ultrasonik basınç P ve kayma S dalga ölçümleri ile Tek eksenli basınç dayanımları belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, statik elastik parametreler Tek eksenli basınç dayanım TEBD sonuçlarına bağlı olarak ve dinamik elastik parametreler ise tahribatsız test tekniklerinden olan ultrasonik yöntem yardımıyla belirlenen basınç Vp ve kayma Vs dalga hızlarından hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra Amerikan Beton Enstitüsü ACI, Avrupa Beton Komitesi CEB, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü TSE ve Norveç standartlarına NS göre hesaplanan statik ve dinamik elastik modüllerin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, dinamik elastik parametreler ile statik elastik parametreler arasındaki yüzde  değişim oranları belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, birbirine en yakın statik ve dinamik elastik parametre değerleri sırasıyla CEB, TSE, ACI ve NS standartlarında bulunmuştur.

Makale detayları

Comparison of Elastic Modules in High-Strength Concretes in International Standards

Yazarlar:

Nevbahar Ekin

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.312-326

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356823

pISSN:

1308-6529

High-strength concrete

Dynamic elastic modules

Static elastic modules

Poisson

Ultrasonic method

International standardsYüksek dayanımlı beton

Dinamik elastik modüller

Statik elastik modüller

Poisson oranı

Ultrasonik yöntem

Uluslararası standartlar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nevbahar Ekin

Yayıncı: Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar: Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.312-326

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001356823

pISSN: 1308-6529

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nevbahar Ekin

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 2, pp.312-326

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001356823

pISSN:

1308-6529