Fighting Istanbul Fires from the Perspective of Foreign Travelers: Observations on Tulumbacı Organization and Tulumbacılar

Metin Menekşe

Makale detayları

Fighting Istanbul Fires from the Perspective of Foreign Travelers: Observations on Tulumbacı Organization and Tulumbacılar

Yazarlar:

Metin Menekşe

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.39 Issue 2, pp.773-820

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335902

pISSN:

0257-4152

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Those who visited the Ottoman geography for various reasons got to know the Ottoman world and its people during their travels and shared the information and experiences they gained with their countries. This information was compiled into a book called travelogue while the traveler was alive or after his death. Although these works are not primary in historical research, they are among the sources that should be taken into consideration in terms of understanding how the other was seen from the outside. Foreign travelers have often drawn attention to the natural disasters that were effective during the time they were in the Ottoman geography. Indeed, one of these, fires, have occupied the state and the people for centuries as a threat. Indeed, many travelers have also opened a special heading for fires in the sections of their works related to Istanbul and have dealt with this issue from various aspects. They have included the causes, destruction and damage caused by the fires that occurred very frequently in the center of Istanbul. They have touched upon the approach of the Ottoman authorities or the people in the face of these fires that were quite effective in the city. They have also discussed how the state, which organized itself for fire extinguishing, established the fire department and its officers functioned, their weak and strong aspects and some shortcomings. As a result, this study aims to draw attention to the fires that broke out in different neighborhoods of Istanbul based on the observations of foreign travelers who visited Istanbul, and to include in particular the functioning of the tulumbacı organization and the activities of the tulumbacı units.

 Those who visited the Ottoman geography for various reasons got to know the Ottoman world and its people during their travels and shared the information and experiences they gained with their countries. This information was compiled into a book called travelogue while the traveler was alive or after his death. Although these works are not primary in historical research, they are among the sources that should be taken into consideration in terms of understanding how the other was seen from the outside. Foreign travelers have often drawn attention to the natural disasters that were effective during the time they were in the Ottoman geography. Indeed, one of these, fires, have occupied the state and the people for centuries as a threat. Indeed, many travelers have also opened a special heading for fires in the sections of their works related to Istanbul and have dealt with this issue from various aspects. They have included the causes, destruction and damage caused by the fires that occurred very frequently in the center of Istanbul. They have touched upon the approach of the Ottoman authorities or the people in the face of these fires that were quite effective in the city. They have also discussed how the state, which organized itself for fire extinguishing, established the fire department and its officers functioned, their weak and strong aspects and some shortcomings. As a result, this study aims to draw attention to the fires that broke out in different neighborhoods of Istanbul based on the observations of foreign travelers who visited Istanbul, and to include in particular the functioning of the tulumbacı organization and the activities of the tulumbacı units.

 Those who visited the Ottoman geography for various reasons got to know the Ottoman world and its people during their travels and shared the information and experiences they gained with their countries. This information was compiled into a book called travelogue while the traveler was alive or after his death. Although these works are not primary in historical research, they are among the sources that should be taken into consideration in terms of understanding how the other was seen from the outside. Foreign travelers have often drawn attention to the natural disasters that were effective during the time they were in the Ottoman geography. Indeed, one of these, fires, have occupied the state and the people for centuries as a threat. Indeed, many travelers have also opened a special heading for fires in the sections of their works related to Istanbul and have dealt with this issue from various aspects. They have included the causes, destruction and damage caused by the fires that occurred very frequently in the center of Istanbul. They have touched upon the approach of the Ottoman authorities or the people in the face of these fires that were quite effective in the city. They have also discussed how the state, which organized itself for fire extinguishing, established the fire department and its officers functioned, their weak and strong aspects and some shortcomings. As a result, this study aims to draw attention to the fires that broke out in different neighborhoods of Istanbul based on the observations of foreign travelers who visited Istanbul, and to include in particular the functioning of the tulumbacı organization and the activities of the tulumbacı units.

 Farklı nedenlerle Osmanlı coğrafyasını ziyaret edenler, seyahatleri esnasında Osmanlı dünyasını ve insanlarını tanımışlar, edindikleri bilgileri, deneyimlerini ülkeleriyle paylaşmışlardır. Bu bilgiler, seyyah hayatta iken veya ölümünden sonra seyahatname adı altında kitaplaştırılmıştır. Bu eserler, tarih araştırmalarında birincil derecede olmasa da ötekinin dışarıdan nasıl görüldüğünün anlaşılması bakımından dikkate alınması gereken kaynaklar arasında yer almaktadır. Yabancı seyyahlar, Osmanlı coğrafyasında bulundukları zaman diliminde etkili olan doğal afetlere de çoğunlukla dikkat çekmişlerdir. Nitekim bunlardan biri olan yangınlar, bir tehdit unsuru olarak yüzyıllarca devleti ve halkı oldukça meşgul etmiştir. Zira birçok seyyah da eserlerinin İstanbulla ilgili bölümünde yangınlara özel bir başlık açmış, bu hususu çeşitli yönleriyle işlemiştir. İstanbul merkezinde çok sık ortaya çıkan yangınların nedenlerine, tahribatına, ortaya çıkan zarara yer vermişlerdir. Şehirde oldukça etkili olan bu yangınlar karşısında Osmanlı yetkililerinin veya halkının yaklaşımına değinmişledir. Ayrıca yangın söndürme konusunda teşkilatlanmaya giden devletin, bu anlamda oluşturduğu tulumba teşkilatının ve görevlilerinin nasıl bir işlev gördüğünü, zayıf veya güçlü yönlerini, birtakım aksaklıkları işlemişlerdir. Netice itibariyle bu çalışmada, İstanbulu ziyaret eden yabancı seyyahların gözlemlerinden hareketle, İstanbulun farklı semtlerinde çıkan yangınlara dikkat çekmek, özellikle de tulumbacı teşkilatının işleyişi ve tulumbacı birliklerinin faaliyetlerine yer vermek amaçlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

Fighting Istanbul Fires from the Perspective of Foreign Travelers: Observations on Tulumbacı Organization and Tulumbacılar

Yazarlar:

Metin Menekşe

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.39 Issue 2, pp.773-820

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335902

pISSN:

0257-4152

Ottoman State

Foreign Travelers

Istanbul Fires

TulumbacılarOsmanlı Devleti

Yabancı Seyyahlar

İstanbul Yangınları

Tulumbacı Teşkilatı

Tulumbacılar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Metin Menekşe

Yayıncı: Ege University

Ana Başlıklar: Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)

Dergi: Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.39 Issue 2, pp.773-820

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001335902

pISSN: 0257-4152

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Metin Menekşe

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.39 Issue 2, pp.773-820

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001335902

pISSN:

0257-4152