Studies on Family Mediation in Türkiye: A Critical Analysis

Hatice Kübra Kahya

Makale detayları

Studies on Family Mediation in Türkiye: A Critical Analysis

Yazarlar:

Hatice Kübra Kahya

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.35, pp.33-54

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310373

pISSN:

2651-5083

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The regulations concerning family mediation in Türkiye were granted a legal framework with the enactment of Law on Mediation in Civil Disputes in 2012. Since the enforcement of this law, many studies have been conducted to develop a specific and effective mediation law on family law disputes. This article examines the various approaches in the existing literature on family mediation. The principles governing Turkish family law significantly restrict the scope of disputes that are suitable for mediation. Aside from the ones including financial issues, almost no family law dispute is considered applicable to mediation. To address this limitation, some scholars have proposed a restrictive interpretation of the legal provisions on domestic violence as an impediment to mediation, limiting the concept to physical and sexual violence. Others argue for the introduction of mandatory mediation as a precondition for litigation in family disputes. The prevailing opinion favors a court-based model over an out-of-court mediation system. Some scholars advocate for co-mediation systems that include a therapist or an expert in social and behavioral sciences, arguing that this approach would be more effective. This article also argues that a more effective model in Türkiye -where most of the population is Muslim- should incorporate Islamic family mediation practices. In this model, religious leaders could participate in the mediation process and provide guidance to the parties based on principles of Islamic law. It also highlights that by considering existing practices in various Islamic countries, a more effective mediation process could be developed that integrates the institutions of sulh reconciliation and tahkim arbitration.

 The regulations concerning family mediation in Türkiye were granted a legal framework with the enactment of Law on Mediation in Civil Disputes in 2012. Since the enforcement of this law, many studies have been conducted to develop a specific and effective mediation law on family law disputes. This article examines the various approaches in the existing literature on family mediation. The principles governing Turkish family law significantly restrict the scope of disputes that are suitable for mediation. Aside from the ones including financial issues, almost no family law dispute is considered applicable to mediation. To address this limitation, some scholars have proposed a restrictive interpretation of the legal provisions on domestic violence as an impediment to mediation, limiting the concept to physical and sexual violence. Others argue for the introduction of mandatory mediation as a precondition for litigation in family disputes. The prevailing opinion favors a court-based model over an out-of-court mediation system. Some scholars advocate for co-mediation systems that include a therapist or an expert in social and behavioral sciences, arguing that this approach would be more effective. This article also argues that a more effective model in Türkiye -where most of the population is Muslim- should incorporate Islamic family mediation practices. In this model, religious leaders could participate in the mediation process and provide guidance to the parties based on principles of Islamic law. It also highlights that by considering existing practices in various Islamic countries, a more effective mediation process could be developed that integrates the institutions of sulh reconciliation and tahkim arbitration.

 The regulations concerning family mediation in Türkiye were granted a legal framework with the enactment of Law on Mediation in Civil Disputes in 2012. Since the enforcement of this law, many studies have been conducted to develop a specific and effective mediation law on family law disputes. This article examines the various approaches in the existing literature on family mediation. The principles governing Turkish family law significantly restrict the scope of disputes that are suitable for mediation. Aside from the ones including financial issues, almost no family law dispute is considered applicable to mediation. To address this limitation, some scholars have proposed a restrictive interpretation of the legal provisions on domestic violence as an impediment to mediation, limiting the concept to physical and sexual violence. Others argue for the introduction of mandatory mediation as a precondition for litigation in family disputes. The prevailing opinion favors a court-based model over an out-of-court mediation system. Some scholars advocate for co-mediation systems that include a therapist or an expert in social and behavioral sciences, arguing that this approach would be more effective. This article also argues that a more effective model in Türkiye -where most of the population is Muslim- should incorporate Islamic family mediation practices. In this model, religious leaders could participate in the mediation process and provide guidance to the parties based on principles of Islamic law. It also highlights that by considering existing practices in various Islamic countries, a more effective mediation process could be developed that integrates the institutions of sulh reconciliation and tahkim arbitration.

 Türkiyede aile arabuluculuğuna ilişkin düzenlemeler, 2012 yılında yürürlüğe giren Hukuk Uyuşmazlıklarında Arabuluculuk Kanunu ile birlikte yasal bir çerçeveye kavuşmuştur. HUAKın yürürlüğe girmesinden bu yana, aile hukuku alanına özel ve etkin bir arabuluculuk mevzuatının geliştirilmesi yönünde çalışmalar sürmektedir. Bu makale, aile arabuluculuğuna ilişkin mevcut öğretideki farklı yaklaşımları ele almaktadır. Türk aile hukukuna hakim ilkeler, aile arabuluculuğu müessesesine elverişli uyuşmazlık alanını oldukça sınırlar. Mali uyuşmazlıklar haricindeki neredeyse hiçbir aile uyuşmazlığı arabuluculuğa elverişli değildir. Bu sınırlılığı gidermek adına, öğretide, arabuluculuğa engel şiddete ilişkin kanun yorumunun fiziksel ve cinsel şiddetle sınırlı dar bir çerçevede yapılması gibi farklı fikirler ortaya atıldığı gibi aile arabuluculuğuna zorunlu dava şartı arabuluculuk modelinin getirilmesinin savunulduğu da görülür. Aile arabuluculuğunda, mahkeme içi-mahkeme dışı arabuluculuk sistemlerinden hangisinin benimseneceği noktasında baskın kanaat, mahkeme temelli arabuluculuk modelinden yanadır. Bazı öğreti yazarları, daha etkili olacağı gerekçesiyle bir terapist veya sosyal bilimler-davranış bilimleri alanında uzman bir kişinin yer aldığı eş arabuluculuk sistemini benimser. Bu makale, çoğunluğu Müslüman bireylerden oluşan Türkiyede, İslam aile arabuluculuğu pratiğine yer açan, din adamlarının sürece dahil olabileceği ve taraflara İslam hukuku prensipleri çerçevesinde öneride bulunabileceği değerlendirici ve eş arabuluculuk modelinin daha etkili olabileceğini savunur. Bu noktada sulh ve tahkim kurumlarını içeren daha etkin bir arabuluculuk sürecinin geliştirilebilmesi için İslam ülkelerinin farklı pratiklerinin de dikkate alınmasını önerir.

Makale detayları

Studies on Family Mediation in Türkiye: A Critical Analysis

Yazarlar:

Hatice Kübra Kahya

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.35, pp.33-54

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310373

pISSN:

2651-5083

Family law

mediation

reconciliation

arbitration

tahkīm

Islamic lawAile hukuku

arabuluculuk

sulh

tahkim

İslam hukuku

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hatice Kübra Kahya

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Hukuku

Dergi: darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.35, pp.33-54

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 2/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001310373

pISSN: 2651-5083

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hatice Kübra Kahya

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Hukuku

Dergi:

darulfunun ilahiyat Vol.35, pp.33-54

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

2/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001310373

pISSN:

2651-5083