İmam Şâfiî ve Cessâs’ın Nesh Anlayışlarının Karşılaştırılması

Alpaslan ALKIŞ; Ayşe DARENDELİ

Makale detayları

İmam Şâfiî ve Cessâs’ın Nesh Anlayışlarının Karşılaştırılması

Yazarlar:

Alpaslan ALKIŞ | Ayşe DARENDELİ

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din

Dergi:

Antakiyat/Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2021 Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.21-46

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2021

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000858259

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2667-4017

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 


The issue of annihilation has been a subject on which wide discussions took place, starting from the periods of Companions and natures, during and after the period of taught in sciences. This study presents the Imam Shafii (d. 204/820), who was the first to preach the subject of “nesh” in an nesh sense and Abu Bakr al-Jessas (d. 370/980), one of the most famous early Hanafi scholars aims to reveal the views of Shafi and Cessas on the nesh in a general framework and to compare the issues they have allied with and disagreed with. The two basic views formed as “ref” and “declaration” on the nesh are compared over the abolition theories of these two fiqh scholars. It is seen that Shafii and Jessas agree on issues such as the possibility and vucûu of nesh, grounding of nesh, nesh of the Quran and Sunnah with ijma, Hz. there will be no nesh after the death of the Prophet, ıssues that are / are not covered by nesh, nesh of the Quran by the Quran and Sunnah by Sunnah. However, there is a controversy in their understanding of abrogation due to the methodology they put forward on issues such as the term meaning of nesh, nesh the Sunnah of the Quran, Sunnah nesh the Quran. This controversy arises as a result of the evidence each used and principles each one has determined regarding nesh. Sometimes it is seen that both the accepting and rejecting an opinion put forward the same justification but reached different conclusions.It is seen that Shafii and Jessas agree on issues such as the possibility and vucûu of nesh, grounding of nesh, nesh of the Quran and Sunnah with ijma, Hz. there will be no nesh after the death of the Prophet, ıssues that are / are not covered by nesh, nesh of the Quran by the Quran and Sunnah by Sunnah. This controversy arises as a result of the evidence each used and principles each one has determined regarding nesh.According to Shafii, there is nesh and she details the existence of nesh in his works by giving examples. Jessas says that those who refuse nesh oppose the Quran and the mutevatir in hadiths, there is also an alliance between predecessor and successor regarding the existence of nesh and he criticizes them for acting against this alliance.According to Shafii, while the basis of abrogation is “ease” and God’s mercy on human beings according to Jessâs, there is the principle of “maslahat”. Shafii and Jessas agree that only religious-deeds are within the scope of abrogation, not creed or news. In addition, it is clear that both scholars agree on the cancellation of the Quran with the Quran and Sunnah with Sunnah.One of the most fundamental differences between Shafi and Jessas’s theories of abrogation is the issue of the abolition of the Quran with the Sunnah and the Sunnah with the Qur’an. While Shafii does not accept that these two neshs will occur directly, she tries to prove that both types of nesh are possible by opposing Cessas Shafii. Jessas, who stated that there was an alliance at least until before Shafii regarding the permissibility of the Quran to abolish the Sunnah, reveals many verses of the Quran as evidence that it can abolish the Sunnah and he states from his predecessor that there is no contradictory opinion that the abrogation of the Sunnah of the Quran is permissible.In the method that Shafi’i stated while explaining that the Quran cannot abrogate the Sunnah directly, it is stated as follows: When the Quran abrogates the Sunnah, a Sunnah is put forward by the Prophet in accordance with the new decree of the Quran and thus the Sunnah is deemed to have abrogated the Sunnah. Jessas also makes the following statements about the Sunnah’s abrogation of the Quran: Since the Prophet received revelation outside the Quran, in the event of abrogation by the Sunnah, it is actually Allah, not the Prophet, who changes or abrogates the decree in the Quran. Therefore, the abolition of the Quran with the Qur’an, more precisely through the revelation of revelation, is in question.

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Nesh meselesi, sahâbe ve tâbiîn dönemlerinden başlayarak ilimlerin tedvin dönemi ve sonrasında üzerinde geniş tartışmaların cereyan ettiği bir konu olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Hanefî ve Şâfiî ekolünün günümüze ulaşan ilk usul eserlerinden olan İmam Şâfiî’nin (ö. 204/820) er-Risâle ile Ebû Bekr el-Cessâs’ın (ö. 370/980) el-Fusûl fi’l-Usûl eserleri bağlamında her iki fakihin nesih konusundaki görüşlerinin mukayesesini amaçlamaktadır. Nesh konusunda “ref’” ve “beyân” şeklinde ortaya çıkan iki temel görüş, bu iki fakihin nesh teorileri üzerinden karşılaştırılmaktadır. Şâfiî ve Cessâs’ın neshin imkân ve vukûu, neshin dayanağı, icmâ’ ile Kur’ân ve Sünnet’in neshi, Hz. Peygamber’in vefatından sonra neshin olamayacağı, nesh kapsamında olan/olmayan hususlar, Kur’ân’ın Kur’ân’ı ve Sünnet’in Sünnet’i neshi gibi konularda ittifak ettikleri görülmektedir. Ancak neshin ıstılah anlamı ile Kur’ân’ın Sünnet’i, Sünnet’in de Kur’ân’ı neshi gibi konularda ise ortaya koydukları metodoloji gereği nesh anlayışlarında ihtilaf bulunmaktadır. Bu ihtilaf, her birinin kullandıkları delillerin ve nesihle ilgili belirledikleri kâidelerin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bazen de bir görüşü hem kabul eden hem de reddeden tarafın aynı gerekçeyi ileri sürdüğü fakat farklı sonuçlara vardığı görülmektedir.

Makale detayları

İmam Şâfiî ve Cessâs’ın Nesh Anlayışlarının Karşılaştırılması

Yazarlar:

Alpaslan ALKIŞ | Ayşe DARENDELİ

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din

Dergi:

Antakiyat/Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2021 Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.21-46

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2021

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000858259

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2667-4017

İslâm Hukuku

Şâfiî

Cessâs

Nesh

Metodoloji

Fıkıh.

Sayı

Makale detayları

İmam Şâfiî ve Cessâs’ın Nesh Anlayışlarının Karşılaştırılması

Yazarlar: Alpaslan ALKIŞ | Ayşe DARENDELİ

Yayıncı: Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar: Din

Dergi: Antakiyat/Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2021 Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.21-46

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2021

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2000858259

Sıklık: İki Yıllık

eISSN: 2667-4017

İslâm Hukuku

Şâfiî

Cessâs

Nesh

Metodoloji

Fıkıh.

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Alpaslan ALKIŞ | Ayşe DARENDELİ

Yayıncı:

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Din

Dergi:

Antakiyat/Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 2021 Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.21-46

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2021

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2000858259

Sıklık:

İki Yıllık

eISSN:

2667-4017