Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī's Defense of the Kalām Tradition Against al-Dawwānī: A Discussion on God's Knowledge of Things

Ülfer Karabulut

Makale detayları

Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī's Defense of the Kalām Tradition Against al-Dawwānī: A Discussion on God's Knowledge of Things

Yazarlar:

Ülfer Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.236-255

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350286

pISSN:

2757-8399

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Al-Dawwānī carried the debates on knowledge, one of the most important areas of kalām-philosophy interaction in the Muteakhkhirūn period, to the issue of divinity. With his perspectives on the knowledge of God and his criticisms of other approaches in this context he played an important role in the ongoing discourse. This study will examine how Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī, the Ottoman scholar, evaluated Dawwānīs criticisms of the theologians regarding Gods knowledge of things. In this context, the arguments used by al-Dawwānī in his criticisms of the theological tradition, namely, the impossibility of the attribute of knowledges being attached to non-existence, the eternity of the attribute of knowledge without its taalluq is not sufficient for the claim that God knows things in eternity, and because of this problem, the theologians accept the attachment of knowledge as hādith are discussed, and al-Qūnawīs responds to these criticisms are revealed. With this study, which is prepared by the method of textual analyzing about of Gods knowledge, one of the prominent areas of debate in the post-Dawwānī period, we aim to contribute to filling the gap caused by the scarcity of studies on the subject. On the other hand, we hope to provide insight into al-Dawwānīs influence on Ottoman thought. In the face of al-Dawwānīs highly influential criticisms of the theologians on the subject of Gods knowledge, al-Qūnawī reveals that they had no problem in justifying the eternity of Gods knowledge of things. In solving the problem of the subjection of non-existence to knowledge, which al-Dawwānī uses as a basis for his criticism, al-Qūnawī argues that the theologians all agree the attribution of knowledge to non-existence as possible. Continuing al-Hayālīs theory of the taalluq, which he divides it into the qadīm and the hādith, al-Qūnawī points out that the theologians accepted that Gods knowledge has the qadīm taalluq as well as the hādith taalluq. He thinks that thanks to these views, theologians were able to justify the eternity of divine knowledge of things. In this respect it is concluded that, al-Qūnawī considers that the theory of divine knowledge adopted by the theological tradition to be valid and sufficient. It is also possible to say that al-Qūnawī interprets al-Dawwānīs criticisms of the theological tradition as a consequence of his inclination towards the view of Islamic philosophers.

 Al-Dawwānī carried the debates on knowledge, one of the most important areas of kalām-philosophy interaction in the Muteakhkhirūn period, to the issue of divinity. With his perspectives on the knowledge of God and his criticisms of other approaches in this context he played an important role in the ongoing discourse. This study will examine how Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī, the Ottoman scholar, evaluated Dawwānīs criticisms of the theologians regarding Gods knowledge of things. In this context, the arguments used by al-Dawwānī in his criticisms of the theological tradition, namely, the impossibility of the attribute of knowledges being attached to non-existence, the eternity of the attribute of knowledge without its taalluq is not sufficient for the claim that God knows things in eternity, and because of this problem, the theologians accept the attachment of knowledge as hādith are discussed, and al-Qūnawīs responds to these criticisms are revealed. With this study, which is prepared by the method of textual analyzing about of Gods knowledge, one of the prominent areas of debate in the post-Dawwānī period, we aim to contribute to filling the gap caused by the scarcity of studies on the subject. On the other hand, we hope to provide insight into al-Dawwānīs influence on Ottoman thought. In the face of al-Dawwānīs highly influential criticisms of the theologians on the subject of Gods knowledge, al-Qūnawī reveals that they had no problem in justifying the eternity of Gods knowledge of things. In solving the problem of the subjection of non-existence to knowledge, which al-Dawwānī uses as a basis for his criticism, al-Qūnawī argues that the theologians all agree the attribution of knowledge to non-existence as possible. Continuing al-Hayālīs theory of the taalluq, which he divides it into the qadīm and the hādith, al-Qūnawī points out that the theologians accepted that Gods knowledge has the qadīm taalluq as well as the hādith taalluq. He thinks that thanks to these views, theologians were able to justify the eternity of divine knowledge of things. In this respect it is concluded that, al-Qūnawī considers that the theory of divine knowledge adopted by the theological tradition to be valid and sufficient. It is also possible to say that al-Qūnawī interprets al-Dawwānīs criticisms of the theological tradition as a consequence of his inclination towards the view of Islamic philosophers.

 Al-Dawwānī carried the debates on knowledge, one of the most important areas of kalām-philosophy interaction in the Muteakhkhirūn period, to the issue of divinity. With his perspectives on the knowledge of God and his criticisms of other approaches in this context he played an important role in the ongoing discourse. This study will examine how Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī, the Ottoman scholar, evaluated Dawwānīs criticisms of the theologians regarding Gods knowledge of things. In this context, the arguments used by al-Dawwānī in his criticisms of the theological tradition, namely, the impossibility of the attribute of knowledges being attached to non-existence, the eternity of the attribute of knowledge without its taalluq is not sufficient for the claim that God knows things in eternity, and because of this problem, the theologians accept the attachment of knowledge as hādith are discussed, and al-Qūnawīs responds to these criticisms are revealed. With this study, which is prepared by the method of textual analyzing about of Gods knowledge, one of the prominent areas of debate in the post-Dawwānī period, we aim to contribute to filling the gap caused by the scarcity of studies on the subject. On the other hand, we hope to provide insight into al-Dawwānīs influence on Ottoman thought. In the face of al-Dawwānīs highly influential criticisms of the theologians on the subject of Gods knowledge, al-Qūnawī reveals that they had no problem in justifying the eternity of Gods knowledge of things. In solving the problem of the subjection of non-existence to knowledge, which al-Dawwānī uses as a basis for his criticism, al-Qūnawī argues that the theologians all agree the attribution of knowledge to non-existence as possible. Continuing al-Hayālīs theory of the taalluq, which he divides it into the qadīm and the hādith, al-Qūnawī points out that the theologians accepted that Gods knowledge has the qadīm taalluq as well as the hādith taalluq. He thinks that thanks to these views, theologians were able to justify the eternity of divine knowledge of things. In this respect it is concluded that, al-Qūnawī considers that the theory of divine knowledge adopted by the theological tradition to be valid and sufficient. It is also possible to say that al-Qūnawī interprets al-Dawwānīs criticisms of the theological tradition as a consequence of his inclination towards the view of Islamic philosophers.

 Devvânî, müteahhirûn dönemi kelâm-felsefe etkileşiminin en önemli alanlarından olan bilgi konusundaki tartışmaları ulûhiyyet bahsine taşımıştır. O, Allahın ilmi hakkında ortaya koyduğu görüşler ve bu bağlamda diğer yaklaşımlara yönelttiği eleştirilerle devam eden süreçteki tartışmaların seyrini belirlemiştir. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı ulemâsından İsmâil Konevînin, Devvânî tarafından Allahın eşyaya dair ilmi bağlamında kelâmcılara yöneltilen eleştirileri nasıl değerlendirdiği ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Devvânînin eleştirilerinde kullandığı ilmin madûma taallukunun imkânsız olması ve taalluku olmadan sadece ilim sıfatının ezelî olmasının Allahın ezelde eşyayı bildiği iddiası için yeterli olmadığı şeklideki argümanlarıyla bu sorun nedeniyle kelâmcıların ilmin taallukunu hâdis kabul ettikleri ve buna bağlı olarak ilâhî ilmin ezelî olmasını temellendirmede sorun yaşadıkları yönündeki tespitleri üzerinde durulmakta ve Konevînin bunları nasıl bertaraf ettiği ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Devvânî sonrası dönemde öne çıkan tartışma alanlarından biri olan Allahın ilmi konusunda metin analizi yöntemiyle hazırlanan bu çalışmayla konu özelinde çalışmanın oldukça az olmasının neden olduğu boşluğun doldurulmasına katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir. Ayrıca Devvânînin Osmanlı coğrafyasına etkisi hakkında bilgi verilmesi de amaçlanmaktadır. Devvânînin ilâhî ilim konusunda kelâm geleneğine yönelttiği oldukça etki uyandıran eleştirileri karşısında Konevî, kelâmcıların Allahın eşyaya dair ilminin ezelî oluşunu temellendirmede sorun yaşamadıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Konevî, Devvânînin eleştirilerine dayanak olarak kullandığı yokluğun bilgiye konu olması sorununu çözerken kelâmcıların ilmin madûma taallukunu ittifakla mümkün kabul ettiklerini savunmaktadır. İlâhî ilmin taallukunun kadîm ve hâdis olarak ayırılmasına dayanan Hayâlînin teorisini devam ettiren Konevî, ilâhî ilmin hâdis taalluku yanında kadîm taalluku olduğuna da dikkat çekerek kelâmcıların eşyaya dair ilâhî ilmin ezelî oluşunu temellendirebildiklerini düşünmektedir. Bu bakımdan Konevînin, kelâm geleneğince benimsenen ilâhî ilim teorisinin geçerli ve yeterli olduğunu düşündüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca Devvânînin kelâm geleneğine yönelttiği eleştirilerin, Konevî tarafından onun felsefî temayülünün neticesi olarak yorumlandığını söylemek mümkündür.

Makale detayları

Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī's Defense of the Kalām Tradition Against al-Dawwānī: A Discussion on God's Knowledge of Things

Yazarlar:

Ülfer Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.236-255

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350286

pISSN:

2757-8399

al-Kalām

al-Dawwānī

Ismāʿil al-Qūnawī

Knowledge

God’s knowledge

TaalluqKelâm

Devvânî

İsmâil Konevî

Bilgi

Kadîm ilim

Taalluk

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ülfer Karabulut

Yayıncı: Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar: Kelam

Dergi: Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.236-255

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350286

pISSN: 2757-8399

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ülfer Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kelam

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.236-255

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350286

pISSN:

2757-8399