Development of “Environmental Attributes Scale” in Historical City Centers:  The Case of Ankara-Hacıbayram Square

Başak Yurtseven; Dicle Oğuz

Makale detayları

Development of “Environmental Attributes Scale” in Historical City Centers: The Case of Ankara-Hacıbayram Square

Yazarlar:

Başak Yurtseven | Dicle Oğuz

Yayıncı:

İdeal Kent Yayınları

Ana Başlıklar:

Kent Sosyolojisi ve Toplum Çalışmaları | Kentsel Analiz ve Geliştirme | Kentsel Tasarım

Dergi:

İDEALKENT Vol.16 Issue 46, pp.2467-2492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338642

pISSN:

1307-9905

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The aim of this study is to develop a scale to identify the effects of the physical and social transformation of Hacıbayram Square after urban on the residents, employees and visitors from different districts of Ankara. In the scale development process, firstly, a literature review was conducted, and no scale was found for the purpose of the study and the research question. In this context, it was decided to develop a scale for determining the physical and social qualities of the place. In this context, deductive method was used, literature review and expert opinions were taken into consideration. Thus, an item pool of 37 items was created. In the scale development study, a 5-point Likert-type scale was used. Initially, Exploratory Factor Analysis EFA and Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFA were applied to determine the construct validity of the scale. The factorization structure was determined with EFA and it was decided that the KMO 0.851 and Bartletts test chi-square value 2933,668 were appropriate. With CFA, it was tested whether a previously defined and delimited structure was confirmed as a model. The 8 items with low factor loadings and incompatibilities under the dimensions were removed from the data set. According to the results of the construct validity analysis of the scale, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale consists of 22 items and four dimensions. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the scale had an adequate fit index. Chi-square degrees of freedom ratio 1.51 was at the expected level, RMSEA value 0.055 was at the expected level, CFI value 0.98 was at the expected level, NFI value 0.93 was at the expected level and GFI value 0.86 was slightly below the expected limit. According to the results of the reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was founded as 0.89 for the whole scale. Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was .768 for comfort and visual image dimension, .815 for access and linkages dimension, .840 for use and activities dimension, and .712 for socialization dimension. As a result of these findings, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale developed to identify the attitudes of users towards the physical and social characteristics of Hacıbayram Square and its environment is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

 The aim of this study is to develop a scale to identify the effects of the physical and social transformation of Hacıbayram Square after urban on the residents, employees and visitors from different districts of Ankara. In the scale development process, firstly, a literature review was conducted, and no scale was found for the purpose of the study and the research question. In this context, it was decided to develop a scale for determining the physical and social qualities of the place. In this context, deductive method was used, literature review and expert opinions were taken into consideration. Thus, an item pool of 37 items was created. In the scale development study, a 5-point Likert-type scale was used. Initially, Exploratory Factor Analysis EFA and Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFA were applied to determine the construct validity of the scale. The factorization structure was determined with EFA and it was decided that the KMO 0.851 and Bartletts test chi-square value 2933,668 were appropriate. With CFA, it was tested whether a previously defined and delimited structure was confirmed as a model. The 8 items with low factor loadings and incompatibilities under the dimensions were removed from the data set. According to the results of the construct validity analysis of the scale, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale consists of 22 items and four dimensions. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the scale had an adequate fit index. Chi-square degrees of freedom ratio 1.51 was at the expected level, RMSEA value 0.055 was at the expected level, CFI value 0.98 was at the expected level, NFI value 0.93 was at the expected level and GFI value 0.86 was slightly below the expected limit. According to the results of the reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was founded as 0.89 for the whole scale. Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was .768 for comfort and visual image dimension, .815 for access and linkages dimension, .840 for use and activities dimension, and .712 for socialization dimension. As a result of these findings, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale developed to identify the attitudes of users towards the physical and social characteristics of Hacıbayram Square and its environment is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

 The aim of this study is to develop a scale to identify the effects of the physical and social transformation of Hacıbayram Square after urban on the residents, employees and visitors from different districts of Ankara. In the scale development process, firstly, a literature review was conducted, and no scale was found for the purpose of the study and the research question. In this context, it was decided to develop a scale for determining the physical and social qualities of the place. In this context, deductive method was used, literature review and expert opinions were taken into consideration. Thus, an item pool of 37 items was created. In the scale development study, a 5-point Likert-type scale was used. Initially, Exploratory Factor Analysis EFA and Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFA were applied to determine the construct validity of the scale. The factorization structure was determined with EFA and it was decided that the KMO 0.851 and Bartletts test chi-square value 2933,668 were appropriate. With CFA, it was tested whether a previously defined and delimited structure was confirmed as a model. The 8 items with low factor loadings and incompatibilities under the dimensions were removed from the data set. According to the results of the construct validity analysis of the scale, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale consists of 22 items and four dimensions. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the scale had an adequate fit index. Chi-square degrees of freedom ratio 1.51 was at the expected level, RMSEA value 0.055 was at the expected level, CFI value 0.98 was at the expected level, NFI value 0.93 was at the expected level and GFI value 0.86 was slightly below the expected limit. According to the results of the reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was founded as 0.89 for the whole scale. Cronbachs Alpha internal consistency coefficient was .768 for comfort and visual image dimension, .815 for access and linkages dimension, .840 for use and activities dimension, and .712 for socialization dimension. As a result of these findings, it was determined that the Environmental Attributes Scale developed to identify the attitudes of users towards the physical and social characteristics of Hacıbayram Square and its environment is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

 Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hacıbayram Meydanı ve çevresinin kentsel yenileme sonrası geçirdiği fiziksel ve sosyal dönüşümün, alanda yaşayanlar, çalışanlar ve Ankaranın farklı ilçelerinden gelen ziyaretçiler üzerindeki etkilerinin tespit edilmesine yönelik bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinde öncelikle alan yazın taraması yapılmış, çalışmanın amacına ve araştırma sorusuna yönelik bir ölçek bulunamamış, bu bağlamda yerin fiziksel ve sosyal niteliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir ölçek geliştirilmesine karar verilmiştir. Bu kapsamda tümdengelim yöntemine başvurulmuş, alan yazın taraması ve uzman görüşleri göz önünde tutulmuştur. Böylece, 37 maddelik bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Ölçek geliştirme çalışmasında, 5li likert tipi ölçek kullanılmıştır. Öncelikle, ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirleyebilmek için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi AFA ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi DFA uygulanmıştır. AFA ile faktörleşme yapısı belirlenmiş, KMO 0.851 ve Barlett testi ki-kare değerinin 2933,668 uygun olduğuna karar verilmiştir. DFA ile daha önceden tanımlanmış ve sınırlandırılmış bir yapının, bir model olarak doğrulanıp doğrulanmadığı test edilmiştir. Boyutlar altında faktör yükü düşük oran alan ve uyumsuz olduğu belirlenen 8 madde veri setinden çıkarılmıştır. Ölçeğin, yapı geçerliği analizi sonuçlarına göre, Çevresel Özellikler Ölçeği nin 22 madde ve dört boyuttan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucu ölçeğin yeterli düzeyde uyum indeksine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ki-kare serbestlik derecesi oranının 1.51 beklenen düzeyde, RMSEA değerinin 0.055 beklenen düzeyde, CFI değerinin 0.98 beklenen düzeyde, NFI değerinin 0.93 beklenen düzeyde ve GFI değerinin 0.86 beklenen sınırın bir miktar altında olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi sonuçlarına göre, Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı ölçeğin tümü için 0,89 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Cronbachs Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı konfor ve görsel imaj boyutu için .768, erişim ve ulaşılabilirlik boyutu için .815, kullanım ve etkinlikler boyutu için .840, sosyalleşme boyutu için .712 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular sonucunda, alan kullanıcılarının Hacıbayram Meydanı ve çevresinin fiziksel ve sosyal niteliklerine yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla geliştirilen Çevresel Özellikler Ölçeği nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Development of “Environmental Attributes Scale” in Historical City Centers: The Case of Ankara-Hacıbayram Square

Yazarlar:

Başak Yurtseven | Dicle Oğuz

Yayıncı:

İdeal Kent Yayınları

Ana Başlıklar:

Kent Sosyolojisi ve Toplum Çalışmaları | Kentsel Analiz ve Geliştirme | Kentsel Tasarım

Dergi:

İDEALKENT Vol.16 Issue 46, pp.2467-2492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338642

pISSN:

1307-9905

Scale development

reliability

validity

place quality

content analysis

environmental qualitiesÖlçek geliştirme

güvenirlik

geçerlik

yer kalitesi

içerik analizi

çevresel nitelikler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Başak Yurtseven | Dicle Oğuz

Yayıncı: İdeal Kent Yayınları

Ana Başlıklar: Kent Sosyolojisi ve Toplum Çalışmaları | Kentsel Analiz ve Geliştirme | Kentsel Tasarım

Dergi: İDEALKENT Vol.16 Issue 46, pp.2467-2492

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001338642

pISSN: 1307-9905

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Başak Yurtseven | Dicle Oğuz

Yayıncı:

İdeal Kent Yayınları

Ana Başlıklar:

Kent Sosyolojisi ve Toplum Çalışmaları | Kentsel Analiz ve Geliştirme | Kentsel Tasarım

Dergi:

İDEALKENT Vol.16 Issue 46, pp.2467-2492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338642

pISSN:

1307-9905