As a Representative of Classical Poetry in 20th Century Sofuzade’s Views on Poetry and Being Poet in His Poetical Ghazals

Dilek Yılmaz

Makale detayları

As a Representative of Classical Poetry in 20th Century Sofuzade’s Views on Poetry and Being Poet in His Poetical Ghazals

Yazarlar:

Dilek Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 2, pp.978-1002

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333385

pISSN:

2528-9861

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 As a writer and poet Sofuzâde Mehmet Tevfik Efendi from Kastamonu wrote poems to reveal his literary understanding and considerations about poetry and being poet with different aspects. This article has been written to set fort the characteristics of poetry, the qualities of poets and the basis of religious-sufistic expressions in Sofuzâdes poems in ghazal form on poetry. These poems havent been discuss in a seperate academic study before. The aim of choosing this is to try to see the manifestations of intellectual and literary continuity or berakage in Sofuzâdes poems as a representative of religious-sufistic and hikemi style of the classical poetry in the 20th century. Some of his mentioned poems are filled with redifs words after the rhyme that directly evoke poetry, such as şiirimin, şairin, sözüm ve sühan or words that aim to declare and prove poetship like öğrensin. Even though some of them are adorned with different words they always revolve around the poems in terms of meaning and concepts. Sofuzâdes depictions of the poet can be found in couplets where he generally describes the real poet and mentions on those who pretend to be poets with their characteristics. Additionaly, Sofuzâde occasionaly praises his own poetry and poems, in this way offers detailed answers to the question who is poet. He emphasizes how words and verse shoud be, poetry is an indicator of not only emotions but also conciousness. According to him poetry is the verbal expression of thought, the sign of intellegence and the concequence of conciousness. Sofuzâde doesnt talk about conciousness blocked by five emotions. He emphasizes the relation of conciousness with soul and heart, refers irfan based on intuitive discourse. The initial source of him is Holy Qurʾān. The goal of the poet who was insipired from Sūrat al-Fatiha is to pronounce the truth. In this context he associates his poems with the sharp swords of the people of jihad. His poems, he wrote with the help of God Almighty and the inspiration that came to his heart sünuhat, sometimes occure the spirit of meaning in the world of thought; sometimes become historical documents as voices of the oppressed hearts. With a sufi profile poet, Sofuzâde accepts love as the most important feature for poet, in connection with the narration küntü kenzen. Because the person who knows the true love will understand the meaning of life which is actually the apperance of different states of happiness and love. Love increases knowledge, intuition, wisdom and conduct someone to marifet, understanding the truth of beingsdivine secrets. For this reason, he criticizes the poets who have no share in love and their poems which were just said with the magic of rhyme, couldnt reach verification due to imitation, couldnt go from words to the essence. His likening of existence to poetry and love to the mazmun of this poem come out as a striking element of how his thoughts on poetry are shaped on the Sufi axis.

 As a writer and poet Sofuzâde Mehmet Tevfik Efendi from Kastamonu wrote poems to reveal his literary understanding and considerations about poetry and being poet with different aspects. This article has been written to set fort the characteristics of poetry, the qualities of poets and the basis of religious-sufistic expressions in Sofuzâdes poems in ghazal form on poetry. These poems havent been discuss in a seperate academic study before. The aim of choosing this is to try to see the manifestations of intellectual and literary continuity or berakage in Sofuzâdes poems as a representative of religious-sufistic and hikemi style of the classical poetry in the 20th century. Some of his mentioned poems are filled with redifs words after the rhyme that directly evoke poetry, such as şiirimin, şairin, sözüm ve sühan or words that aim to declare and prove poetship like öğrensin. Even though some of them are adorned with different words they always revolve around the poems in terms of meaning and concepts. Sofuzâdes depictions of the poet can be found in couplets where he generally describes the real poet and mentions on those who pretend to be poets with their characteristics. Additionaly, Sofuzâde occasionaly praises his own poetry and poems, in this way offers detailed answers to the question who is poet. He emphasizes how words and verse shoud be, poetry is an indicator of not only emotions but also conciousness. According to him poetry is the verbal expression of thought, the sign of intellegence and the concequence of conciousness. Sofuzâde doesnt talk about conciousness blocked by five emotions. He emphasizes the relation of conciousness with soul and heart, refers irfan based on intuitive discourse. The initial source of him is Holy Qurʾān. The goal of the poet who was insipired from Sūrat al-Fatiha is to pronounce the truth. In this context he associates his poems with the sharp swords of the people of jihad. His poems, he wrote with the help of God Almighty and the inspiration that came to his heart sünuhat, sometimes occure the spirit of meaning in the world of thought; sometimes become historical documents as voices of the oppressed hearts. With a sufi profile poet, Sofuzâde accepts love as the most important feature for poet, in connection with the narration küntü kenzen. Because the person who knows the true love will understand the meaning of life which is actually the apperance of different states of happiness and love. Love increases knowledge, intuition, wisdom and conduct someone to marifet, understanding the truth of beingsdivine secrets. For this reason, he criticizes the poets who have no share in love and their poems which were just said with the magic of rhyme, couldnt reach verification due to imitation, couldnt go from words to the essence. His likening of existence to poetry and love to the mazmun of this poem come out as a striking element of how his thoughts on poetry are shaped on the Sufi axis.

 As a writer and poet Sofuzâde Mehmet Tevfik Efendi from Kastamonu wrote poems to reveal his literary understanding and considerations about poetry and being poet with different aspects. This article has been written to set fort the characteristics of poetry, the qualities of poets and the basis of religious-sufistic expressions in Sofuzâdes poems in ghazal form on poetry. These poems havent been discuss in a seperate academic study before. The aim of choosing this is to try to see the manifestations of intellectual and literary continuity or berakage in Sofuzâdes poems as a representative of religious-sufistic and hikemi style of the classical poetry in the 20th century. Some of his mentioned poems are filled with redifs words after the rhyme that directly evoke poetry, such as şiirimin, şairin, sözüm ve sühan or words that aim to declare and prove poetship like öğrensin. Even though some of them are adorned with different words they always revolve around the poems in terms of meaning and concepts. Sofuzâdes depictions of the poet can be found in couplets where he generally describes the real poet and mentions on those who pretend to be poets with their characteristics. Additionaly, Sofuzâde occasionaly praises his own poetry and poems, in this way offers detailed answers to the question who is poet. He emphasizes how words and verse shoud be, poetry is an indicator of not only emotions but also conciousness. According to him poetry is the verbal expression of thought, the sign of intellegence and the concequence of conciousness. Sofuzâde doesnt talk about conciousness blocked by five emotions. He emphasizes the relation of conciousness with soul and heart, refers irfan based on intuitive discourse. The initial source of him is Holy Qurʾān. The goal of the poet who was insipired from Sūrat al-Fatiha is to pronounce the truth. In this context he associates his poems with the sharp swords of the people of jihad. His poems, he wrote with the help of God Almighty and the inspiration that came to his heart sünuhat, sometimes occure the spirit of meaning in the world of thought; sometimes become historical documents as voices of the oppressed hearts. With a sufi profile poet, Sofuzâde accepts love as the most important feature for poet, in connection with the narration küntü kenzen. Because the person who knows the true love will understand the meaning of life which is actually the apperance of different states of happiness and love. Love increases knowledge, intuition, wisdom and conduct someone to marifet, understanding the truth of beingsdivine secrets. For this reason, he criticizes the poets who have no share in love and their poems which were just said with the magic of rhyme, couldnt reach verification due to imitation, couldnt go from words to the essence. His likening of existence to poetry and love to the mazmun of this poem come out as a striking element of how his thoughts on poetry are shaped on the Sufi axis.

 Kastamonulu şair ve yazar Sofuzâde Mehmet Tevfik Efendi 1874-1960 edebî anlayışını, şiire ve şairliğe dair görüşlerini farklı yönleri ile ortaya koyan şiirler kaleme almıştır. Sofuzâdenin gazel formunda kaleme alınmış, manzum poetika niteliğindeki bu şiirlerinde, şiirin özelliklerini, şairin vasıflarını ve dini-tasavvufi söylemin temellerini ortaya koyabilme gerekçesi ile bu makale kaleme alınmıştır. Bahsi geçen poetik şiirler müstakil bir biçimde, daha evvel akademik bir çalışmaya konu olmamıştır. 20. yüzyılda klasik şiir geleneği içinde, özellikle dini-tasavvufi ve hikemi tarzın bir temsilcisi olarak Sofuzâdede varolan fikri ve edebî devamlılığın ya da kırılmanın tezahürlerinin görülebilmesine yönelik gaye konunun seçilmesindeki kuvvetli saiklerdendir. Onun bahsi geçen şiirlerinden bazıları şiirimin, şairin, sözüm ve sühan gibi doğrudan şiiri çağrıştıran ya da öğrensin gibi şairliği ilan ve ispata yönelik kelimelerle müreddeftir. Bazıları ise farklı rediflerle bezenmiş olsa da mana ve kavramlar itibariyle hep şiirin etrafında dolanır. Sofuzâdenin şair ile ilgili tanımlamalarına kimi zaman gerçek şairi genel manada tasvir ettiği kimi zaman da şair geçinenlermüteşairler ve bunların özelliklerine değindiği beyitlerde rastlanır. Yer yer kendi şiirini ve şairliğini de öven Sofuzâde, böylelikle şair kimdir sorusuna ayrıntılı cevaplar sunar. Sözün ve nazmın nasıl olması gerektiğine, şiirin sadece duygunun değil aynı zamanda şuurun da bir göstergesi olduğuna vurgu yapar. Ona göre şiir, endişenin düşünce lafza dökülmüş halidir, zekânın nişanıdır ve şuurun neticesidir. Sofuzâde sadece beş duyu ile sınırlanmış bir şuurdan bahsetmez. Şuurun ruh ve kalple irtibatına vurgu yapar ayrıca sezgiye dayalı irfanî söyleme atıfta bulunur. Onun şiirlerinin başlıca kaynağı Kuran-ı Kerimdir. Fatiha suresinden feyiz aldığını dile getiren şairin gayesi hakikati duyurmaktır. Bu bağlamda şiirlerini cihat ehlinin keskin kılıcına benzetir. Cenâb-ı Hakkın yardımı ve kalbine doğan sünuhat ile yazdığı şiirleri, bazen düşünce dünyasında anlamın ruhu olur; bazen mazlumların sesini duyurmak için tarihi birer vesika halini alır. Sûfî çehreli bir şair olarak Sofuzâde, küntü kenzen rivayeti ile irtibatlı bir biçimde aşkı şairlik için en önemli unsur olarak kabul eder çünkü aşk-ı hakikîyi bilen kişi hayatın manasını anlayacaktır. Hayat aslında hüsn ve aşkın farklı hallerinin görünümleridir. Aşk bilgiyi, sezgiyi, irfanı ve marifeti arttırır. Bu nedenle aşktan nasibi olmayan şairlerin taklitten tahkîke ulaşamamış, lafızdan öze inememiş, kafiyenin büyüsü ile söylenmiş şiirlerini eleştirir. Varoluşu şiire, aşkı da bu şiirin mazmununa benzetmesi onun şiirle ilgili düşüncelerinin tasavvufi eksende nasıl şekillendiğine dair dikkat çekici bir unsur olarak belirginleşir.

Makale detayları

As a Representative of Classical Poetry in 20th Century Sofuzade’s Views on Poetry and Being Poet in His Poetical Ghazals

Yazarlar:

Dilek Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 2, pp.978-1002

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333385

pISSN:

2528-9861

Turkish Islamic Literature

Sofuzade Mehmet Tevfik

Classical Poetry

Ghazal

PoeticsTürk İslam Edebiyatı

Sofuzâde Mehmet Tevfik

Klasik Şiir

Gazel

Poetika

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Dilek Yılmaz

Yayıncı: Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi: Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 2, pp.978-1002

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333385

pISSN: 2528-9861

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Dilek Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Sivas Cumhuriyet University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi Vol.28 Issue 2, pp.978-1002

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333385

pISSN:

2528-9861