The Position of The History of Science Between the Disciplines of History-Sociology and Philosophy

Serpil Timur

Makale detayları

The Position of The History of Science Between the Disciplines of History-Sociology and Philosophy

Yazarlar:

Serpil Timur

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.324-341

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313590

pISSN:

2645-8950

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The publication of Thomas Kuhns work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, influenced the disciplines of history, philosophy and sociology and followed the results of this work in different directions. The most crucial point for philosophers in Kuhns work was the issue of relativity, which emerged with the claim that paradigms were incommensurable. Philosophers preoccupation with the ideas of relativity truth and rationality had been shaped the interperation of Kuhn in philosophical circles. Historians, on the other hand, were dominantly interested in historical causality, especially the internal and external causes of scientific change. The different reactions of the two groups can be understood in terms of their different disciplinary interests, but they also shared a common intellectual context in the contemporary debates about the politics of scientific knowledge. Kuhns work in question came out in a Cold War environment where the concept of the social dimension of science was highly politicized. In the early twentieth century, Hegelian and Marxist narratives of human progress were associated with broad political movements. The resulting ideological tensions soon began to be reflected in the way philosophers of history and science were examined. This common context shaped the readings of Kuhn by both philosophers and historians; However, both of the disciplines had different perspectives. Sociologists, though, made the idea of relativity, which rejected by philosophers, the cornerstone of their own sociologies of scientific knowledge. In the same period, both the political conditions of the period and the different perception of Thomas Kuhn among the disciplines of history, sociology and philosophy led the history of science to re-question and defend its own position and methodology.

 The publication of Thomas Kuhns work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, influenced the disciplines of history, philosophy and sociology and followed the results of this work in different directions. The most crucial point for philosophers in Kuhns work was the issue of relativity, which emerged with the claim that paradigms were incommensurable. Philosophers preoccupation with the ideas of relativity truth and rationality had been shaped the interperation of Kuhn in philosophical circles. Historians, on the other hand, were dominantly interested in historical causality, especially the internal and external causes of scientific change. The different reactions of the two groups can be understood in terms of their different disciplinary interests, but they also shared a common intellectual context in the contemporary debates about the politics of scientific knowledge. Kuhns work in question came out in a Cold War environment where the concept of the social dimension of science was highly politicized. In the early twentieth century, Hegelian and Marxist narratives of human progress were associated with broad political movements. The resulting ideological tensions soon began to be reflected in the way philosophers of history and science were examined. This common context shaped the readings of Kuhn by both philosophers and historians; However, both of the disciplines had different perspectives. Sociologists, though, made the idea of relativity, which rejected by philosophers, the cornerstone of their own sociologies of scientific knowledge. In the same period, both the political conditions of the period and the different perception of Thomas Kuhn among the disciplines of history, sociology and philosophy led the history of science to re-question and defend its own position and methodology.

 The publication of Thomas Kuhns work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, influenced the disciplines of history, philosophy and sociology and followed the results of this work in different directions. The most crucial point for philosophers in Kuhns work was the issue of relativity, which emerged with the claim that paradigms were incommensurable. Philosophers preoccupation with the ideas of relativity truth and rationality had been shaped the interperation of Kuhn in philosophical circles. Historians, on the other hand, were dominantly interested in historical causality, especially the internal and external causes of scientific change. The different reactions of the two groups can be understood in terms of their different disciplinary interests, but they also shared a common intellectual context in the contemporary debates about the politics of scientific knowledge. Kuhns work in question came out in a Cold War environment where the concept of the social dimension of science was highly politicized. In the early twentieth century, Hegelian and Marxist narratives of human progress were associated with broad political movements. The resulting ideological tensions soon began to be reflected in the way philosophers of history and science were examined. This common context shaped the readings of Kuhn by both philosophers and historians; However, both of the disciplines had different perspectives. Sociologists, though, made the idea of relativity, which rejected by philosophers, the cornerstone of their own sociologies of scientific knowledge. In the same period, both the political conditions of the period and the different perception of Thomas Kuhn among the disciplines of history, sociology and philosophy led the history of science to re-question and defend its own position and methodology.

 Thomas Kuhnun Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı adlı eserinin yayınlanmasıyla birlikte tarih, felsefe ve sosyoloji disiplinleri bu eserden etkilenmiş ve bu eserin sonuçlarını değişik yönlerde takip etmişlerdi. Kuhnun eserinde felsefeciler için en can alıcı nokta, paradigmaların kıyaslanamaz olduğu iddiasıyla ortaya çıkan görelilik meselesiydi. Felsefecilerin görelilik ve buna bağlı olarak hakikat ve rasyonellik gibi konularla meşgul olmaları, Kuhnun felsefî çevrelerdeki yorumunu da belirlemiş oldu. Diğer taraftan tarihçiler daha çok tarihsel nedensellik, özellikle de bilimsel değişimin içsel ve dışsal nedenleriyle ilgileniyorlardı. İki grubun farklı tepkileri, farklı disiplinlere ait ilgi alanları açısından anlaşılabilir, fakat bu iki grup aynı zamanda bilimsel bilgi politikalarına ilişkin o dönemdeki tartışmalarda ortak bir entelektüel bağlamı paylaşıyorlardı. Kuhnun söz konusu eseri, bilimin toplumsal boyutu kavramının oldukça siyasallaştığı bir Soğuk Savaş ortamında ortaya çıkmıştı. Yirminci yüzyılın başlarında, Hegelci ve Marksist insani ilerleme anlatıları geniş siyasi hareketlerle ilişkilendirilmişti. Ortaya çıkan ideolojik gerilimler çok geçmeden tarih ve bilim felsefecilerinin incelenme biçimine de yansımaya başlamıştı. İşte bu ortak bağlam hem filozofların hem de tarihçilerin Kuhn okumalarını şekillendirmişti; ancak bu okumalar birbirinden farklı şekilde anlaşılmıştı. Sosyologlar ise felsefecilerin reddettiği görelilik düşüncesini, kendi bilimsel bilgi sosyolojilerinin mihenk taşı yapmışlardı. Aynı süreçte hem dönemin siyasi koşulları hem de Thomas Kuhnun tarih, sosyoloji ve felsefe disiplinleri arasındaki farklı algılanışı bilim tarihinin kendi konumu ve metodolojisini yeniden sorgulamaya ve savunmaya yönlendirmişti.

Makale detayları

The Position of The History of Science Between the Disciplines of History-Sociology and Philosophy

Yazarlar:

Serpil Timur

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.324-341

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313590

pISSN:

2645-8950

History of Science

Philosophy of Science

Thomas Kuhn

History and Sociology.Bilim Tarihi

Bilim Felsefesi

Thomas Kuhn

Tarih ve Sosyoloji

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Serpil Timur

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi: Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.324-341

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001313590

pISSN: 2645-8950

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Serpil Timur

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 1, pp.324-341

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001313590

pISSN:

2645-8950