EVENTS AFFECTING TURKIYE’S INTERNAL SECURITY AND  TURKISH POLICE DEPARTMENT IN THE LAST PERIOD OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY (1957-1960)

Çağrı Pişkin

Makale detayları

EVENTS AFFECTING TURKIYE’S INTERNAL SECURITY AND TURKISH POLICE DEPARTMENT IN THE LAST PERIOD OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY (1957-1960)

Yazarlar:

Çağrı Pişkin

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.425-457

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296877

pISSN:

1300-0756

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The last term of the Democratic Party, which began with the general elections on October 27, 1957, came to an end with a military coup on May 27, 1960. These years witnessed important events in terms of Turkish political history. The adverse developments in the economic field led to political problems in this period. The escalation of the government- opposition conflict, the deterioration of the government-army involvement and the government-university involvement brought about a number of events that threatened internal security and created a national security problem. The Turkish Police Department was one of the most affected institutions by this process. While the Police Department was accused of being pro-government, it had frequently come to the agenda with its interventions in the incidents. In this study, the events that threatened the internal security in the last period of the Democratic Party, the measures taken by the government in the face of these events and the attitude of the opposition were examined and the attitude and role of the Turkish Police Department in the face of the events were discussed. The study benefits from the Prime Ministry Republican Archive, parliamentary minutes, periodicals and some second-level sources. As a result, the police force, which is obliged to fulfill legal orders in all democratic countries, regardless of who is in power, fulfilled this duty in the last period of the Democratic Party. However, the police, which was insufficient in terms of quality and quantity in this period, had a lack of experience in the face of events that they had not encountered before. While the governments use of the police as a shield in the face of events caused the police to come to the fore constantly, it also led to the loss of all its prestige and authority in the eyes of the citizens.

 The last term of the Democratic Party, which began with the general elections on October 27, 1957, came to an end with a military coup on May 27, 1960. These years witnessed important events in terms of Turkish political history. The adverse developments in the economic field led to political problems in this period. The escalation of the government- opposition conflict, the deterioration of the government-army involvement and the government-university involvement brought about a number of events that threatened internal security and created a national security problem. The Turkish Police Department was one of the most affected institutions by this process. While the Police Department was accused of being pro-government, it had frequently come to the agenda with its interventions in the incidents. In this study, the events that threatened the internal security in the last period of the Democratic Party, the measures taken by the government in the face of these events and the attitude of the opposition were examined and the attitude and role of the Turkish Police Department in the face of the events were discussed. The study benefits from the Prime Ministry Republican Archive, parliamentary minutes, periodicals and some second-level sources. As a result, the police force, which is obliged to fulfill legal orders in all democratic countries, regardless of who is in power, fulfilled this duty in the last period of the Democratic Party. However, the police, which was insufficient in terms of quality and quantity in this period, had a lack of experience in the face of events that they had not encountered before. While the governments use of the police as a shield in the face of events caused the police to come to the fore constantly, it also led to the loss of all its prestige and authority in the eyes of the citizens.

 The last term of the Democratic Party, which began with the general elections on October 27, 1957, came to an end with a military coup on May 27, 1960. These years witnessed important events in terms of Turkish political history. The adverse developments in the economic field led to political problems in this period. The escalation of the government- opposition conflict, the deterioration of the government-army involvement and the government-university involvement brought about a number of events that threatened internal security and created a national security problem. The Turkish Police Department was one of the most affected institutions by this process. While the Police Department was accused of being pro-government, it had frequently come to the agenda with its interventions in the incidents. In this study, the events that threatened the internal security in the last period of the Democratic Party, the measures taken by the government in the face of these events and the attitude of the opposition were examined and the attitude and role of the Turkish Police Department in the face of the events were discussed. The study benefits from the Prime Ministry Republican Archive, parliamentary minutes, periodicals and some second-level sources. As a result, the police force, which is obliged to fulfill legal orders in all democratic countries, regardless of who is in power, fulfilled this duty in the last period of the Democratic Party. However, the police, which was insufficient in terms of quality and quantity in this period, had a lack of experience in the face of events that they had not encountered before. While the governments use of the police as a shield in the face of events caused the police to come to the fore constantly, it also led to the loss of all its prestige and authority in the eyes of the citizens.

 27 Ekim 1957 genel seçimleri ile başlayan Demokrat Parti iktidarının son dönemi 27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbesi ile son bulmuştur. Bu yıllar, Türk siyasi tarihi açısından önemli olaylara sahne olmuştur. Bu dönemde iktisadi alanda yaşanan olumsuz gelişmeler beraberinde siyasi sorunlar ortaya çıkarmıştır. İktidar muhalefet çekişmesinin artması, hükümet-ordu ilişkisinin ve hükümet-üniversite ilişkisinin bozulması iç güvenliği tehdit eden birtakım olayların yaşanmasına sebep olurken ortaya bir milli güvenlik sorunu çıkarmıştır. Bu süreçten en çok etkilenen kurumların başında Emniyet Teşkilatı gelmiştir. Emniyet Teşkilatı hükümet yanlısı olarak suçlanırken, yaşanan olaylarda uyguladığı müdahalelerle de sıkça gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Demokrat Parti iktidarının son döneminde iç güvenliğe tehdit eden olaylar, bu olaylar karşısında hükümetin aldığı tedbirler ve muhalefetin tutumu incelenmiş ve yaşanan olaylar karşısında Türk Polis Teşkilatının tutumu ve rolü ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada, Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivi, meclis tutanakları, süreli yayınlar ve bazı ikinci dereceden kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, tüm demokratik ülkelerde iktidarın kim olduğuna bakılmaksızın yasal emirleri yerine getirmekle yükümlü olan polis teşkilatı, DPnin son döneminde de bu görevini yerine getirmiştir. Ancak bu dönem nitelik ve nicelik olarak yetersiz olan polis, daha önce karşılaşmadığı olaylar karşısında tecrübe eksikliği yaşamıştır. Hükümetin yaşanan olaylar karşısında polisi kalkan olarak kullanması da polisin sürekli olarak gündeme gelmesine sebep olurken, vatandaş gözünde de tüm saygınlığını ve otoritesinin kaybolmasına yol açmıştır.

Makale detayları

EVENTS AFFECTING TURKIYE’S INTERNAL SECURITY AND TURKISH POLICE DEPARTMENT IN THE LAST PERIOD OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY (1957-1960)

Yazarlar:

Çağrı Pişkin

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.425-457

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296877

pISSN:

1300-0756

Democratic Party

Adnan Menderes

Turkish Police Department

PoliceDemokrat Parti

Adnan Menderes

Türk Polis Teşkilatı

İç Güvenlik

Polis

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Çağrı Pişkin

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.425-457

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001296877

pISSN: 1300-0756

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Çağrı Pişkin

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.425-457

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296877

pISSN:

1300-0756