The Evaluation of Jerusalemite Ibn Abū Sharīf’s Tafsīr of Sūra al-Kawthar in Terms of the Method of Tafsīr

Nazife Vildan Güloğlu

Makale detayları

The Evaluation of Jerusalemite Ibn Abū Sharīf’s Tafsīr of Sūra al-Kawthar in Terms of the Method of Tafsīr

Yazarlar:

Nazife Vildan Güloğlu

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.709-726

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325956

pISSN:

2147-8171

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Ibn Abu Sharif d. 9231517, a scholar from a prominent family of Jerusalem, was a versatile intellectual who authored books in fields such as Fiqh, Hadīth, ʿAqīdah, Tafsīr, and Qirāʾāt. He was also one of the exegetes of the Mamlūk period. It is known that most of his works have not survived to the present day, and some of the surviving works are in manuscript form in various libraries. Recent critical studies have revealed some of his works, one of which is his exegesis of Sūrah al-Kawthar. This work, critically edited and published by Ṭāhā Fāris, is based on the manuscript registered under number 5881 at the Zāhiriyya Library in Damascus. Apart from this critical edition, the work has not been the subject of any other research. However, revealing the original aspects of a tafsīr is of great importance for the history of Tafsīr. This is possible through the evaluation of the tafsīr methodology of the relevant work. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the exegesis method of the mentioned work. In this context, the work has been evaluated in terms of its method of narration and its inclusion of elements of reasoning. Thus, it is aimed to determine the status of the work within the literature. At the same time, it is hoped that this study will contribute to the literature by determining the place and importance of Jerusalem and Mamlūk period scholars in Islamic civilization, based on the authors work. This study, which employs the qualitative research techniques such as document analysis and content analysis, has reached the following conclusions about the work: There is no doubt about the authorship of the work Tafsīr Sūra al-Kawthar by Ibn Abū Sharīf. It is understood that the reason for writing this work is to express the literary miracle of the Qurʾān, specifically through Sūrah al-Kawthar. In this regard, he tried to emphasize that even a short surah like Sūrah al-Kawthar possesses profound literary subtleties. In this context, he elaborated on the words in the verses, explaining their contributions to the expression. For example, according to his explanation, the use of we instead of I in the first verse of the surah indicates the exalted nature of the one bestowing blessings. Similarly, the use of an emphatic particle in the same place signifies the continuity of the blessings given. Additionally, the use of the verb in the past tense in the relevant verse indicates the certainty of what is promised to the Prophet. The author also analyzed sentences in the verses where necessary, explaining the rhetorical subtleties present in these usages. For instance, he noted that the sentence structure in the first verse indicates the special nature of the blessing mentioned there. It is observed that the author included narrations in his tafsīr in a manner appropriate to his literary style, sometimes alluding to them in a way that could be considered allusive. It can be said that Ibn Abū Sharīf did not delve much into theological explanations in his work. However, although he did not provide explicit fiqh explanations, he did convey some juristic meanings implied by the words. The work is particularly noteworthy for its numerous mystical interpretations, reflecting the authors deep Ṣūfī understanding. Although not explicitly mentioned, it is understood that the author benefited from the tafsīr of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī d. 6061210. This is particularly evident in the expression of some literary subtleties and the transmission of certain narrations. However, the authors distinct literary style, aimed entirely at expressing literary subtleties and articulated in a highly ornate manner, distinguishes his work from the tafsīr of the aforementioned exegete. In conclusion, Ibn Abū Sharīfs tafsīr of Sūrah Al-Kawthar constitutes a rare example of a rhetorical tafsīr that stands out from other tafsir works in terms of both language and method.

 Ibn Abu Sharif d. 9231517, a scholar from a prominent family of Jerusalem, was a versatile intellectual who authored books in fields such as Fiqh, Hadīth, ʿAqīdah, Tafsīr, and Qirāʾāt. He was also one of the exegetes of the Mamlūk period. It is known that most of his works have not survived to the present day, and some of the surviving works are in manuscript form in various libraries. Recent critical studies have revealed some of his works, one of which is his exegesis of Sūrah al-Kawthar. This work, critically edited and published by Ṭāhā Fāris, is based on the manuscript registered under number 5881 at the Zāhiriyya Library in Damascus. Apart from this critical edition, the work has not been the subject of any other research. However, revealing the original aspects of a tafsīr is of great importance for the history of Tafsīr. This is possible through the evaluation of the tafsīr methodology of the relevant work. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the exegesis method of the mentioned work. In this context, the work has been evaluated in terms of its method of narration and its inclusion of elements of reasoning. Thus, it is aimed to determine the status of the work within the literature. At the same time, it is hoped that this study will contribute to the literature by determining the place and importance of Jerusalem and Mamlūk period scholars in Islamic civilization, based on the authors work. This study, which employs the qualitative research techniques such as document analysis and content analysis, has reached the following conclusions about the work: There is no doubt about the authorship of the work Tafsīr Sūra al-Kawthar by Ibn Abū Sharīf. It is understood that the reason for writing this work is to express the literary miracle of the Qurʾān, specifically through Sūrah al-Kawthar. In this regard, he tried to emphasize that even a short surah like Sūrah al-Kawthar possesses profound literary subtleties. In this context, he elaborated on the words in the verses, explaining their contributions to the expression. For example, according to his explanation, the use of we instead of I in the first verse of the surah indicates the exalted nature of the one bestowing blessings. Similarly, the use of an emphatic particle in the same place signifies the continuity of the blessings given. Additionally, the use of the verb in the past tense in the relevant verse indicates the certainty of what is promised to the Prophet. The author also analyzed sentences in the verses where necessary, explaining the rhetorical subtleties present in these usages. For instance, he noted that the sentence structure in the first verse indicates the special nature of the blessing mentioned there. It is observed that the author included narrations in his tafsīr in a manner appropriate to his literary style, sometimes alluding to them in a way that could be considered allusive. It can be said that Ibn Abū Sharīf did not delve much into theological explanations in his work. However, although he did not provide explicit fiqh explanations, he did convey some juristic meanings implied by the words. The work is particularly noteworthy for its numerous mystical interpretations, reflecting the authors deep Ṣūfī understanding. Although not explicitly mentioned, it is understood that the author benefited from the tafsīr of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī d. 6061210. This is particularly evident in the expression of some literary subtleties and the transmission of certain narrations. However, the authors distinct literary style, aimed entirely at expressing literary subtleties and articulated in a highly ornate manner, distinguishes his work from the tafsīr of the aforementioned exegete. In conclusion, Ibn Abū Sharīfs tafsīr of Sūrah Al-Kawthar constitutes a rare example of a rhetorical tafsīr that stands out from other tafsir works in terms of both language and method.

 Ibn Abu Sharif d. 9231517, a scholar from a prominent family of Jerusalem, was a versatile intellectual who authored books in fields such as Fiqh, Hadīth, ʿAqīdah, Tafsīr, and Qirāʾāt. He was also one of the exegetes of the Mamlūk period. It is known that most of his works have not survived to the present day, and some of the surviving works are in manuscript form in various libraries. Recent critical studies have revealed some of his works, one of which is his exegesis of Sūrah al-Kawthar. This work, critically edited and published by Ṭāhā Fāris, is based on the manuscript registered under number 5881 at the Zāhiriyya Library in Damascus. Apart from this critical edition, the work has not been the subject of any other research. However, revealing the original aspects of a tafsīr is of great importance for the history of Tafsīr. This is possible through the evaluation of the tafsīr methodology of the relevant work. Therefore, this article aims to investigate the exegesis method of the mentioned work. In this context, the work has been evaluated in terms of its method of narration and its inclusion of elements of reasoning. Thus, it is aimed to determine the status of the work within the literature. At the same time, it is hoped that this study will contribute to the literature by determining the place and importance of Jerusalem and Mamlūk period scholars in Islamic civilization, based on the authors work. This study, which employs the qualitative research techniques such as document analysis and content analysis, has reached the following conclusions about the work: There is no doubt about the authorship of the work Tafsīr Sūra al-Kawthar by Ibn Abū Sharīf. It is understood that the reason for writing this work is to express the literary miracle of the Qurʾān, specifically through Sūrah al-Kawthar. In this regard, he tried to emphasize that even a short surah like Sūrah al-Kawthar possesses profound literary subtleties. In this context, he elaborated on the words in the verses, explaining their contributions to the expression. For example, according to his explanation, the use of we instead of I in the first verse of the surah indicates the exalted nature of the one bestowing blessings. Similarly, the use of an emphatic particle in the same place signifies the continuity of the blessings given. Additionally, the use of the verb in the past tense in the relevant verse indicates the certainty of what is promised to the Prophet. The author also analyzed sentences in the verses where necessary, explaining the rhetorical subtleties present in these usages. For instance, he noted that the sentence structure in the first verse indicates the special nature of the blessing mentioned there. It is observed that the author included narrations in his tafsīr in a manner appropriate to his literary style, sometimes alluding to them in a way that could be considered allusive. It can be said that Ibn Abū Sharīf did not delve much into theological explanations in his work. However, although he did not provide explicit fiqh explanations, he did convey some juristic meanings implied by the words. The work is particularly noteworthy for its numerous mystical interpretations, reflecting the authors deep Ṣūfī understanding. Although not explicitly mentioned, it is understood that the author benefited from the tafsīr of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī d. 6061210. This is particularly evident in the expression of some literary subtleties and the transmission of certain narrations. However, the authors distinct literary style, aimed entirely at expressing literary subtleties and articulated in a highly ornate manner, distinguishes his work from the tafsīr of the aforementioned exegete. In conclusion, Ibn Abū Sharīfs tafsīr of Sūrah Al-Kawthar constitutes a rare example of a rhetorical tafsīr that stands out from other tafsir works in terms of both language and method.

 Kudüslü ulema bir aileye mensup olan İbn Ebû Şerîf ö. 9231517; Fıkıh, Hadis, Akaid, Tefsir ve Kıraat gibi alanlarda kitaplar yazmış çok yönlü bir âlimdir. Aynı zamanda Memlükler dönemi müfessirlerinden biri olan İbn Ebû Şerîfin çoğu eserinin günümüze ulaşmamış olduğu, günümüze ulaşmış bazı eserlerinin ise çeşitli kütüphanelerde yazma hâlinde bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Yeni yapılan tahkik çalışmalarıyla müellifin bazı eserlerinin gün yüzüne çıkarıldığı görülmektedir. Bunlardan biri de müellifin Kevser Sûresi tefsiridir. Eser, Şamda Zâhiriyye Kütüphanesinde 5881 numarada kayıtlı yazma nüsha esas alınarak Tâhâ Fâris tarafından tahkik edilip yayımlanmıştır. Eserin bu tahkik çalışması dışında herhangi bir araştırmaya konu edildiği görülmemektedir. Hâlbuki bir tefsirin özgün yönlerinin ortaya konulması, Tefsir tarihi açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu da ilgili eserin tefsir metodunun değerlendirilmesi ile mümkün olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu makalede zikri geçen eserin tefsir yönteminin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda eser, rivayetleri nakil usulü ile dirayet unsurlarına yer vermesi bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece eserin literatür içerisindeki durumunun ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Aynı zamanda bu çalışmanın, ilgili müellifin eserinden hareketle Kudüs ve Memlük dönemi âlimlerinin İslâm medeniyeti içerisindeki yeri ve önemini tespit konusunda literatüre katkı sağlayacağı umulmaktadır. Nitel araştırma tekniklerinden doküman incelemesi ve içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılan bu araştırma ile eser hakkında şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Tefsîru sûretil-Kevser adlı eserin, İbn Ebû Şerîfe aidiyeti konusunda herhangi bir tereddüt bulunmamaktadır. Müellifin bu eseri yazma sebebinin Kevser Sûresi özelinde Kuranın edebî mucizesini ifade etmek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda o, Kevser Sûresi tefsirinde Kuranın bir satır kadar kısa olan bir sûresinin dahi son derece edebî inceliklere sahip olduğunu vurgulamaya çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda âyetlerde geçen kelimeler üzerinde ayrıntılı bir şekilde durarak onların anlatıma sağladıkları katkıları ifade etmiştir. Mesela onun izahına göre sûrenin ilk âyetinde ben yerine biz ifadesinin kullanılması, nimetleri veren zatın son derece yüceliğini beyan etmektedir. Yine aynı yerde tekid edatının kullanılması, verilen nimetlerin devamlı olacağını bildirmektedir. Bunlara ek olarak ilgili âyette fiilin geçmiş zaman kipinde olması ise Hz. Peygambere vaat edilen şeyin kesinlikle gerçekleşeceğini ifade etmektedir. Müellif tefsirinde, gerekli gördüğü yerlerde âyetlerde geçen cümleleri tahlil ederek bu kullanımlarda cereyan eden belâgat inceliklerini de açıklamıştır. Mesela o, ilk âyette gerçekleştirilen cümle kurulumunun, orada beyan edilen nimetin ne kadar özel olduğunu ifade ettiğini belirtmiştir. Müellifin tefsirinde, kullandığı edebî üsluba uygun bir şekilde rivayetlere yer verdiği ve bazen telmih denilebilecek bir tarz ile onlara işaret ettiği görülmektedir. İbn Ebû Şerîfin eserinde kelâmî izahlara pek girmediği söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte onun Farz, Vacip gibi fıkhî açıklamalarda bulunmamakla birlikte kelimelerin ifade ettiği bazı fıkhî anlamları beyan ettiğine rastlanmaktadır. Eserin hacmine göre ise ondaki işârî izahların oldukça çok olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Bu durum da müellifin derin tasavvufî anlayışını yansıtmaktadır. Eserde ismi geçmemekle birlikte Fahreddin er-Râzînin ö. 6061210 tefsirinden faydalanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Özellikle de bazı edebî inceliklerin ifade edilmesi ve bazı rivayetlerin aktarımıyla ilgili olarak bu durumdan bahsetmek kaçınılmazdır. Ancak müfessirin gerek tamamıyla edebî incelikleri beyan etmeye yönelik bir tarz ortaya koyması gerekse bunları son derece ağdalı denebilecek bir üslup ile ifade etmesi, onun eserini zikri geçen müfessirin tefsirinden ayırmaktadır. Netice itibariyle İbn Ebû Şerîfin Kevser Sûresi tefsiri, gerek dil gerekse metot bakımından diğer tefsir müellefatından ayrılan nadir bir belâgî tefsir örneği teşkil etmektedir.

Makale detayları

The Evaluation of Jerusalemite Ibn Abū Sharīf’s Tafsīr of Sūra al-Kawthar in Terms of the Method of Tafsīr

Yazarlar:

Nazife Vildan Güloğlu

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.709-726

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325956

pISSN:

2147-8171

Tafsīr

Sūra al-Kawthar

Ibn Abū Sharīf

Rhetorical Tafsīr

Jerusalem

MiracleTefsir

Kevser Sûresi

İbn Ebû Şerîf

Belâgî Tefsir

Kudüs

Mucize

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nazife Vildan Güloğlu

Yayıncı: Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar: Tefsir

Dergi: Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.709-726

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001325956

pISSN: 2147-8171

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nazife Vildan Güloğlu

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.11 Issue 2, pp.709-726

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325956

pISSN:

2147-8171