Re-functioning of Historical Buildings within the Scope of Preserving Cultural Heritage: The Example of Muş Museum

Hatice Engin

Makale detayları

Re-functioning of Historical Buildings within the Scope of Preserving Cultural Heritage: The Example of Muş Museum

Yazarlar:

Hatice Engin

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 33, pp.309-327

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319197

pISSN:

2149-0643

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The re-functionalization method was used in Europe in the 16th and 18th centuries. It was realized by the transformation of palaces into museums between the centuries. Museums, which only appealed to a certain segment of society at that time, began to appeal to all segments of the public with the transformation of the palaces. In Turkey, the foundations of museology were laid with the use of the historical Hagia Irene Church as a museum. When we look at the Republican Era, there was an intense reuse of historical buildings as museums. Monuments such as Hagia Sophia, Chora Church, Topkapı Palace, Konya Mevlana Tomb and Lodge, which stood out with their historical and architectural texture, gained the function of museums in this period. Since the 2000s, many historical buildings in Anatolia have been re-functioned and turned into museums. Therefore, it is clearly understood that the museum function is a method used throughout history in terms of both the protection of historical buildings and the sustainability of cultural heritage. Because, instead of building a new museum building, the idea of saving money on the building and preserving the material and spiritual elements of the urban culture before they disappear in historical memory places has been at the forefront. In the study in question, the transformation process of the historical school building from the Republican Era, located in the city of Muş, into a museum was discussed. It is understood that the transformed school not only aims to preserve its historical and architectural texture, but also aims to bring a museum to the Muş region. In this sense, how the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of Muş, which has a deep-rooted historical past, took its place in the school building and the relationship between the building and the museum have been made more understandable. In addition, since it is a newly opened museum in the region, another aim of the study is to include its contributions to the history, culture and sociological structure of Muş.

 The re-functionalization method was used in Europe in the 16th and 18th centuries. It was realized by the transformation of palaces into museums between the centuries. Museums, which only appealed to a certain segment of society at that time, began to appeal to all segments of the public with the transformation of the palaces. In Turkey, the foundations of museology were laid with the use of the historical Hagia Irene Church as a museum. When we look at the Republican Era, there was an intense reuse of historical buildings as museums. Monuments such as Hagia Sophia, Chora Church, Topkapı Palace, Konya Mevlana Tomb and Lodge, which stood out with their historical and architectural texture, gained the function of museums in this period. Since the 2000s, many historical buildings in Anatolia have been re-functioned and turned into museums. Therefore, it is clearly understood that the museum function is a method used throughout history in terms of both the protection of historical buildings and the sustainability of cultural heritage. Because, instead of building a new museum building, the idea of saving money on the building and preserving the material and spiritual elements of the urban culture before they disappear in historical memory places has been at the forefront. In the study in question, the transformation process of the historical school building from the Republican Era, located in the city of Muş, into a museum was discussed. It is understood that the transformed school not only aims to preserve its historical and architectural texture, but also aims to bring a museum to the Muş region. In this sense, how the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of Muş, which has a deep-rooted historical past, took its place in the school building and the relationship between the building and the museum have been made more understandable. In addition, since it is a newly opened museum in the region, another aim of the study is to include its contributions to the history, culture and sociological structure of Muş.

 The re-functionalization method was used in Europe in the 16th and 18th centuries. It was realized by the transformation of palaces into museums between the centuries. Museums, which only appealed to a certain segment of society at that time, began to appeal to all segments of the public with the transformation of the palaces. In Turkey, the foundations of museology were laid with the use of the historical Hagia Irene Church as a museum. When we look at the Republican Era, there was an intense reuse of historical buildings as museums. Monuments such as Hagia Sophia, Chora Church, Topkapı Palace, Konya Mevlana Tomb and Lodge, which stood out with their historical and architectural texture, gained the function of museums in this period. Since the 2000s, many historical buildings in Anatolia have been re-functioned and turned into museums. Therefore, it is clearly understood that the museum function is a method used throughout history in terms of both the protection of historical buildings and the sustainability of cultural heritage. Because, instead of building a new museum building, the idea of saving money on the building and preserving the material and spiritual elements of the urban culture before they disappear in historical memory places has been at the forefront. In the study in question, the transformation process of the historical school building from the Republican Era, located in the city of Muş, into a museum was discussed. It is understood that the transformed school not only aims to preserve its historical and architectural texture, but also aims to bring a museum to the Muş region. In this sense, how the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of Muş, which has a deep-rooted historical past, took its place in the school building and the relationship between the building and the museum have been made more understandable. In addition, since it is a newly opened museum in the region, another aim of the study is to include its contributions to the history, culture and sociological structure of Muş.

 Yeniden işlevlendirme yöntemi, Avrupada XVI ve XVIII. yüzyıllar arasında sarayların müzeye dönüşümü ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. O dönemlerde yalnızca belli bir kesime hitap eden müzeler, sarayların dönüşümüyle beraber halkın her kesimine hitap etmeye başlamıştır. Türkiyede ise müzeciliğin temelleri, tarihi değere sahip olan Aya İrini Kilisesinin müze olarak kullanılması ile atılmıştır. Cumhuriyet Dönemine bakıldığında da tarihi yapıların yoğun bir şekilde müze olarak yeniden işlev kazanması söz konusuydu. Özellikle tarihi ve mimari dokusuyla ön plana çıkmış olan Ayasofya, Kariye Kilisesi, Topkapı Sarayı, Konya Mevlana Türbesi ve Dergâhı gibi anıtlar, bu dönemde müze işlevi kazanmıştır. 2000li yıllardan günümüze ise Anadoluda yer alan çok sayıda tarihi yapı, yeniden işlevlendirilerek müzeye dönüştürülmüştür. Dolayısıyla tarihi değere sahip binaların, hem korunması hem de kültürel mirasın sürdürülebilirliği açısından, müze işlevinin tarih boyunca kullanılan bir yöntem olduğu açıkça anlaşılmaktadır. Zira yeni bir müze binası inşa etme yerine hem binadan tasarruf etmek hem de kent kültürüne ait maddi- manevi unsurların, tarihi hafıza mekânlarında yok olmadan koruma altına alma düşüncesi ön planda olmuştur. Söz konusu çalışmada Muş kentinde yer alan ve Cumhuriyet Dönemine ait tarihi okul yapısının müzeye dönüşüm süreci ele alınmıştır. Dönüşümü sağlanan okulun, tarihi ve mimari dokusunun korunmak istenmesinin yanında Muş yöresine bir müze kazandırma amacı da taşıdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu anlamda köklü tarihi bir geçmişe sahip olan Muşun, somut ve somut olmayan kültürel mirasının, okul binası içerisinde nasıl yer edindiği, yapı- müze ilişkisi üzerinden giderek konunun daha anlaşılır kılınması sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca bölgede yeni açılan bir müze olması hasebiyle Muş tarihine, kültürüne, sosyolojik yapısına sunduğu katkılara yer verilmesi çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır.

Makale detayları

Re-functioning of Historical Buildings within the Scope of Preserving Cultural Heritage: The Example of Muş Museum

Yazarlar:

Hatice Engin

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 33, pp.309-327

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319197

pISSN:

2149-0643

re-functionalization

hictorical building

transformation

museum

muş museumyeniden işlevlendirme

tarihi yapı

dönüşüm

müze

Muş müzesi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hatice Engin

Yayıncı: Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar: Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi: Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 33, pp.309-327

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001319197

pISSN: 2149-0643

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hatice Engin

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Kültürel ve Doğal Miras

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 33, pp.309-327

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319197

pISSN:

2149-0643