PARALLELİSM İN SAYYİD NESİMĪ’S TUYUGHS

Hüseyin Yıldız

Makale detayları

PARALLELİSM İN SAYYİD NESİMĪ’S TUYUGHS

Yazarlar:

Hüseyin Yıldız

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Eski Türk Dili (Orhun | Uygur | Karahanlı)

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.85-104

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343225

pISSN:

1306-8253

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Stylistics, which is one of the sub-branches of Turkish linguistics since the XXI century, is also closely related to the science of literature. It is seen that parallelism, which is seen especially in verse works in the time period extending from Old Turkic to Turkey Turkish, is also used intensively in the poems of Seyyid Nesımı, who writes in Old Oghuz Turkic in Azerbaijan and is counted among the poets of Classical Turkish literature. For this reason, in this study, examples of parallelism as a product of Seyyid Nesımıs stylistic ability will be discussed. The aim is to contribute to revealing the authors literary talent based on the parallel expressions in Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs. Basically, six studies were used to identify Nesımıs tuyuğs: Köksal 2000, Zülfe 2005, Köksal 2009, Çalka 2019, Özdemir 2020a, Özdemir 2020b. In addition to these six studies, comparisons were made with Kürkçüoğlu 1973 and Ayan 2014 when necessary. Thus, 600 tuyuğs were identified. In the study, improvements were made on the basis of Yıldız 2018 classification; the data were subjected to a classification based on three categories, and the evaluations were made based on this classification. When Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs were analysed in terms of parallelism, a large number of examples were classified into three main categories: complete parallelism, partial parallelism and partial parallelism. Four of the identified examples are analysed separately in each category, and only the numbers of the other examples are given at the end of the relevant section. Word K, affix E and binding elements B are indicated by abbreviations, and those showing commonality in more than one line are bold coded. In examples of full parallelism, it is seen that affixes are used less than words but are more effective in terms of commonality. In this category, binding elements also draw attention in terms of commonality. The data numbers for full parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç193, Ç201, Ç334  Z29, Ö1169. In examples of partial parallelism, the word-attachment distribution is close to each other. In terms of commonality, it is determined that affixes are superior and binding elements are generally absent. The data numbers for partial parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç9, Ç24, Ç67, Ç138, Ç177, Ç194, Ç210, Ç292 and Ö157. Fragmentary parallelism data were analysed under two sub-headings: three-part and two-part parallelism. In the three-part parallelism examples, one line of the tuyu was excluded and the remaining three lines were analysed. The distribution of words - affixes - binding elements is close to each other, and in terms of commonality, there is a similarity in number in three categories. The data numbers for three-part parallelism in tuyuğs can be shown as Ç57, Ç113, Ç152, Ç161  Z6, Ç163, Ç211, Ç291, Ç297, Ç337 K22, Ö158, Ö1119, Ö1131, Ö1162, Ö1191, Ö1192, K118, K126 and K136. In the two-part parallelism examples, two lines of the tuyu are left out and the remaining two lines are evaluated. It is determined that the words are distributed in proportion to the total number of affixes and binding elements, and in terms of commonality, they are close in number in three categories. The data numbers for bipartite parallelism in Tuyuğs are Ç49, Ç50, Ç66, Ç69, Ç73, Ç144, Ç289, Ç293, Ç330, Ç336 K21, K131, Ö112, Ö133, Ö143, Ö156, Ö158, Ö1118, Ö1130, Ö179 and Ö1188. Irregular parallel structures are also found in Tuyuğs, but since they are not mature in terms of parallelism, they are not suitable for word - affix - connective element based sequence and number analyses. Examples of irregular parallel structures in tuyuğs are Ç6, Ç235, Ç284, Ö115, Ö159, Ö1194, K12, and K118. In conclusion, the examples of parallelism identified from Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs are effective in revealing the stylistic ability of the author. Comparing this data with the tuyuğs of other authors will undoubtedly be more effective in determining Nesımıs literary position.

 Stylistics, which is one of the sub-branches of Turkish linguistics since the XXI century, is also closely related to the science of literature. It is seen that parallelism, which is seen especially in verse works in the time period extending from Old Turkic to Turkey Turkish, is also used intensively in the poems of Seyyid Nesımı, who writes in Old Oghuz Turkic in Azerbaijan and is counted among the poets of Classical Turkish literature. For this reason, in this study, examples of parallelism as a product of Seyyid Nesımıs stylistic ability will be discussed. The aim is to contribute to revealing the authors literary talent based on the parallel expressions in Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs. Basically, six studies were used to identify Nesımıs tuyuğs: Köksal 2000, Zülfe 2005, Köksal 2009, Çalka 2019, Özdemir 2020a, Özdemir 2020b. In addition to these six studies, comparisons were made with Kürkçüoğlu 1973 and Ayan 2014 when necessary. Thus, 600 tuyuğs were identified. In the study, improvements were made on the basis of Yıldız 2018 classification; the data were subjected to a classification based on three categories, and the evaluations were made based on this classification. When Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs were analysed in terms of parallelism, a large number of examples were classified into three main categories: complete parallelism, partial parallelism and partial parallelism. Four of the identified examples are analysed separately in each category, and only the numbers of the other examples are given at the end of the relevant section. Word K, affix E and binding elements B are indicated by abbreviations, and those showing commonality in more than one line are bold coded. In examples of full parallelism, it is seen that affixes are used less than words but are more effective in terms of commonality. In this category, binding elements also draw attention in terms of commonality. The data numbers for full parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç193, Ç201, Ç334  Z29, Ö1169. In examples of partial parallelism, the word-attachment distribution is close to each other. In terms of commonality, it is determined that affixes are superior and binding elements are generally absent. The data numbers for partial parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç9, Ç24, Ç67, Ç138, Ç177, Ç194, Ç210, Ç292 and Ö157. Fragmentary parallelism data were analysed under two sub-headings: three-part and two-part parallelism. In the three-part parallelism examples, one line of the tuyu was excluded and the remaining three lines were analysed. The distribution of words - affixes - binding elements is close to each other, and in terms of commonality, there is a similarity in number in three categories. The data numbers for three-part parallelism in tuyuğs can be shown as Ç57, Ç113, Ç152, Ç161  Z6, Ç163, Ç211, Ç291, Ç297, Ç337 K22, Ö158, Ö1119, Ö1131, Ö1162, Ö1191, Ö1192, K118, K126 and K136. In the two-part parallelism examples, two lines of the tuyu are left out and the remaining two lines are evaluated. It is determined that the words are distributed in proportion to the total number of affixes and binding elements, and in terms of commonality, they are close in number in three categories. The data numbers for bipartite parallelism in Tuyuğs are Ç49, Ç50, Ç66, Ç69, Ç73, Ç144, Ç289, Ç293, Ç330, Ç336 K21, K131, Ö112, Ö133, Ö143, Ö156, Ö158, Ö1118, Ö1130, Ö179 and Ö1188. Irregular parallel structures are also found in Tuyuğs, but since they are not mature in terms of parallelism, they are not suitable for word - affix - connective element based sequence and number analyses. Examples of irregular parallel structures in tuyuğs are Ç6, Ç235, Ç284, Ö115, Ö159, Ö1194, K12, and K118. In conclusion, the examples of parallelism identified from Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs are effective in revealing the stylistic ability of the author. Comparing this data with the tuyuğs of other authors will undoubtedly be more effective in determining Nesımıs literary position.

 Stylistics, which is one of the sub-branches of Turkish linguistics since the XXI century, is also closely related to the science of literature. It is seen that parallelism, which is seen especially in verse works in the time period extending from Old Turkic to Turkey Turkish, is also used intensively in the poems of Seyyid Nesımı, who writes in Old Oghuz Turkic in Azerbaijan and is counted among the poets of Classical Turkish literature. For this reason, in this study, examples of parallelism as a product of Seyyid Nesımıs stylistic ability will be discussed. The aim is to contribute to revealing the authors literary talent based on the parallel expressions in Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs. Basically, six studies were used to identify Nesımıs tuyuğs: Köksal 2000, Zülfe 2005, Köksal 2009, Çalka 2019, Özdemir 2020a, Özdemir 2020b. In addition to these six studies, comparisons were made with Kürkçüoğlu 1973 and Ayan 2014 when necessary. Thus, 600 tuyuğs were identified. In the study, improvements were made on the basis of Yıldız 2018 classification; the data were subjected to a classification based on three categories, and the evaluations were made based on this classification. When Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs were analysed in terms of parallelism, a large number of examples were classified into three main categories: complete parallelism, partial parallelism and partial parallelism. Four of the identified examples are analysed separately in each category, and only the numbers of the other examples are given at the end of the relevant section. Word K, affix E and binding elements B are indicated by abbreviations, and those showing commonality in more than one line are bold coded. In examples of full parallelism, it is seen that affixes are used less than words but are more effective in terms of commonality. In this category, binding elements also draw attention in terms of commonality. The data numbers for full parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç193, Ç201, Ç334  Z29, Ö1169. In examples of partial parallelism, the word-attachment distribution is close to each other. In terms of commonality, it is determined that affixes are superior and binding elements are generally absent. The data numbers for partial parallelism in Tuyuğs can be shown as Ç9, Ç24, Ç67, Ç138, Ç177, Ç194, Ç210, Ç292 and Ö157. Fragmentary parallelism data were analysed under two sub-headings: three-part and two-part parallelism. In the three-part parallelism examples, one line of the tuyu was excluded and the remaining three lines were analysed. The distribution of words - affixes - binding elements is close to each other, and in terms of commonality, there is a similarity in number in three categories. The data numbers for three-part parallelism in tuyuğs can be shown as Ç57, Ç113, Ç152, Ç161  Z6, Ç163, Ç211, Ç291, Ç297, Ç337 K22, Ö158, Ö1119, Ö1131, Ö1162, Ö1191, Ö1192, K118, K126 and K136. In the two-part parallelism examples, two lines of the tuyu are left out and the remaining two lines are evaluated. It is determined that the words are distributed in proportion to the total number of affixes and binding elements, and in terms of commonality, they are close in number in three categories. The data numbers for bipartite parallelism in Tuyuğs are Ç49, Ç50, Ç66, Ç69, Ç73, Ç144, Ç289, Ç293, Ç330, Ç336 K21, K131, Ö112, Ö133, Ö143, Ö156, Ö158, Ö1118, Ö1130, Ö179 and Ö1188. Irregular parallel structures are also found in Tuyuğs, but since they are not mature in terms of parallelism, they are not suitable for word - affix - connective element based sequence and number analyses. Examples of irregular parallel structures in tuyuğs are Ç6, Ç235, Ç284, Ö115, Ö159, Ö1194, K12, and K118. In conclusion, the examples of parallelism identified from Seyyid Nesımıs tuyuğs are effective in revealing the stylistic ability of the author. Comparing this data with the tuyuğs of other authors will undoubtedly be more effective in determining Nesımıs literary position.

 Türk dil bilimindeki çalışmaların XXI. yüzyıldan itibaren kümelendiği alt kollarından biri olan stilistik biçem bilimi, aynı zamanda edebiyat bilimini de yakından ilgilendirmektedir. Eski Türkçeden Türkiye Türkçesine uzanan zaman diliminde özellikle manzum eserlerde görülen paralelizmin Azerbaycan sahası Eski Oğuz Türkçesiyle yazan ve Klasik Türk edebiyatı şairleri arasında sayılan Seyyid Nesımınin şiirlerinde de yoğun bir şekilde kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada Seyyid Nesımınin stilistik kabiliyetinin bir ürünü olarak paralelizm örnekleri ele alınacaktır. Amaç Seyyid Nesımınin tuyuğlarındaki paralel ifadelerden hareketle, yazarın edebî kabiliyetini ortaya koymaya katkıda bulunmaktır. Nesımınin tuyuğlarının tespitinde temelde altı çalışmadan faydalanılmıştır: Köksal 2000, Zülfe 2005, Köksal 2009, Çalka 2019, Özdemir 2020a, Özdemir 2020b. Bu altı çalışmaya ilave olarak gerektiğinde Kürkçüoğlu 1973 ve Ayan 2014 ile de karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Böylelikle 600 tuyuğ tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada Yıldız 2018 sınıflandırması temelinde geliştirmeler yapılarak; veriler üç kategori esaslı sınıflandırmaya tabi tutulmuş, değerlendirmeler de bu sınıflandırma üzerinden yapılmıştır. Seyyid Nesımınin tuyuğları paralelizm bakımından incelendiğinde, rastlanan çok sayıda örnek üç ana kategoride tasnif edilmiştir: tam paralelizm, kısmî paralelizm ve parçalı paralelizm. Tespit edilen örneklerden dörder veri her kategoride ayrıca ele alınmış, diğer örneklerin ilgili bölüm sonunda yalnızca numarası belirtilmiştir. Kelime K, ek E ve bağlayıcı ögeler B kısaltmalarıyla gösterilmiş, birden fazla dizede ortaklık gösterilenler kalın kodlanmıştır. Tam paralelizm örneklerinde eklerin kelimelere göre daha az kullanıldığı ancak ortaklık bakımından daha etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Yine bu kategoride bağlayıcı ögeler de ortaklık bakımından dikkat çekmektedir. Tuyuğlardaki tam paralelizme dair veri numaraları Ç193, Ç201, Ç334  Z29, Ö1169 şeklinde gösterilebilir. Kısmî paralelizm örneklerinde kelime  ek dağılımı birbirine yakındır. Ortaklık bakımından ise eklerin daha üstün olduğu, bağlayıcı ögelerin ise genel olarak varlık gösteremediği tespit edilmektedir. Tuyuğlardaki kısmî paralelizme dair veri numaraları Ç9, Ç24, Ç67, Ç138, Ç177, Ç194, Ç210, Ç292 ve Ö157 şeklinde gösterilebilir. Parçalı paralelizm verileri üç parçalı ve iki parçalı olarak iki alt başlıkta incelenmiştir. Üç parçalı paralelizm örneklerinde tuyuğun bir dizesi dışta bırakılmış ve kalan üç dize değerlendirilmiştir. Kelime  ek  bağlayıcı öge dağılımı birbirine yakın olan dizelerde ortaklık bakımından da yine üç kategoride sayıca yakınlık görülmektedir. Tuyuğlardaki üç parçalı paralelizme dair veri numaraları Ç57, Ç113, Ç152, Ç161  Z6, Ç163, Ç211, Ç291, Ç297, Ç337 K22, Ö158, Ö1119, Ö1131, Ö1162, Ö1191, Ö1192, K118, K126 ve K136 şeklinde gösterilebilir. İki parçalı paralelizm örneklerinde tuyuğun iki dizesi dışta bırakılmış ve kalan iki dize değerlendirilmiştir. Kelimelerin ek ve bağlayıcı ögelerin toplamı oranında dağılım gösterdiği, ortaklık bakımından ise üç kategoride sayıca yakın olduğu tespit edilmektedir. Tuyuğlardaki iki parçalı paralelizme dair veri numaraları Ç49, Ç50, Ç66, Ç69, Ç73, Ç144, Ç289, Ç293, Ç330, Ç336 K21, K131, Ö112, Ö133, Ö143, Ö156, Ö158, Ö1118, Ö1130, Ö179 ve Ö1188 şeklinde gösterilebilir. Tuyuğlarda düzensiz paralel yapılara da rastlanmaktadır, ancak bunlar paralelizm bakımından olgunlaşmadıkları için, kelime  ek  bağlayıcı öge esaslı diziliş ve sayı analizlerine uygun değillerdir. Tuyuğlardaki düzensiz paralel yapılara Ç6, Ç235, Ç284, Ö115, Ö159, Ö1194, K12 ve K118 numaralı veriler örnek gösterilebilir. Sonuç olarak Seyyid Nesımınin tuyuğlarından hareketle tespit edilen paralelizm örnekleri müellifin stilistik kabiliyetini ortaya koymada etkili olmaktadır. Bu verilerin diğer müelliflerin tuyuğlarıyla karşılaştırılması, Nesımınin edebî konumunu belirlemede şüphesiz daha etkili olacaktır.

Makale detayları

PARALLELİSM İN SAYYİD NESİMĪ’S TUYUGHS

Yazarlar:

Hüseyin Yıldız

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Eski Türk Dili (Orhun | Uygur | Karahanlı)

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.85-104

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343225

pISSN:

1306-8253

Sayyid Nesimī

Stylistics

Parallelism

Old Oghuz Turkic

tuyughSeyyid Nesîmî

Stilistik

Paralelizm

Eski Oğuz Türkçesi

tuyuğ

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hüseyin Yıldız

Yayıncı: Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar: Eski Türk Dili (Orhun | Uygur | Karahanlı)

Dergi: Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.85-104

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001343225

pISSN: 1306-8253

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hüseyin Yıldız

Yayıncı:

Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University

Ana Başlıklar:

Eski Türk Dili (Orhun | Uygur | Karahanlı)

Dergi:

Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırma Dergisi Issue 113, pp.85-104

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343225

pISSN:

1306-8253