Country-Based Export Concentration of Türkiye and BRICS and Export Similarity to the EU Market (2001-2021)

Zeynep Aktaş Çimen; Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

Makale detayları

Country-Based Export Concentration of Türkiye and BRICS and Export Similarity to the EU Market (2001-2021)

Yazarlar:

Zeynep Aktaş Çimen | Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer)

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.2177-2198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298458

pISSN:

2564-7504

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The aim of the study is to examine the country-based concentration of exports of Türkiye and BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and export similarity to the European Union EU common market. Data were obtained from the International Trade Center Trademap database. In the study, according to the data of 2021, Türkiye and the first five countries in the export of BRICS are included. While the country-based concentration of Türkiye and BRICS for the period 2001-2021 was analyzed using the Gini-Hirschman Index GHI, the Export Similarity Index ESI was used for export similarity to the EU common market. The results of the study show that while the product variety in Türkiyes exports to the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany has increased significantly over time, the product variety in exports to Italy and Spain shows a fluctuating course, according to the coefficient values calculated by the GHI method. While there was no major change in product diversity in BRICS exports to the USA, Japan and South Korea during the period under review, product diversity in exports to Hong Kong showed a fluctuating course, but product diversity decreased significantly in 2021. There is no radical change in product diversity in BRICS exports to China. The fact that the exports of Türkiye and BRICS to the EU market have an ESI value of 60.75 means that they are in competition in the relevant product groups and pose a threat to each other.

 The aim of the study is to examine the country-based concentration of exports of Türkiye and BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and export similarity to the European Union EU common market. Data were obtained from the International Trade Center Trademap database. In the study, according to the data of 2021, Türkiye and the first five countries in the export of BRICS are included. While the country-based concentration of Türkiye and BRICS for the period 2001-2021 was analyzed using the Gini-Hirschman Index GHI, the Export Similarity Index ESI was used for export similarity to the EU common market. The results of the study show that while the product variety in Türkiyes exports to the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany has increased significantly over time, the product variety in exports to Italy and Spain shows a fluctuating course, according to the coefficient values calculated by the GHI method. While there was no major change in product diversity in BRICS exports to the USA, Japan and South Korea during the period under review, product diversity in exports to Hong Kong showed a fluctuating course, but product diversity decreased significantly in 2021. There is no radical change in product diversity in BRICS exports to China. The fact that the exports of Türkiye and BRICS to the EU market have an ESI value of 60.75 means that they are in competition in the relevant product groups and pose a threat to each other.

 The aim of the study is to examine the country-based concentration of exports of Türkiye and BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and export similarity to the European Union EU common market. Data were obtained from the International Trade Center Trademap database. In the study, according to the data of 2021, Türkiye and the first five countries in the export of BRICS are included. While the country-based concentration of Türkiye and BRICS for the period 2001-2021 was analyzed using the Gini-Hirschman Index GHI, the Export Similarity Index ESI was used for export similarity to the EU common market. The results of the study show that while the product variety in Türkiyes exports to the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany has increased significantly over time, the product variety in exports to Italy and Spain shows a fluctuating course, according to the coefficient values calculated by the GHI method. While there was no major change in product diversity in BRICS exports to the USA, Japan and South Korea during the period under review, product diversity in exports to Hong Kong showed a fluctuating course, but product diversity decreased significantly in 2021. There is no radical change in product diversity in BRICS exports to China. The fact that the exports of Türkiye and BRICS to the EU market have an ESI value of 60.75 means that they are in competition in the relevant product groups and pose a threat to each other.

 Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye ve BRICSin Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ihracatının ülke bazlı yoğunlaşmasını ve Avrupa Birliği AB ortak pazarına ihracat benzerliğini incelemektir. Veriler, Uluslararası Ticaret Merkezi Trademap veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada 2021 yılı verilerine göre Türkiye ve BRICSin ihracatında yer alan ilk beş ülkeye yer verilmiştir. 2001-2021 dönemi için Türkiye ve BRICSin ülke bazlı yoğunlaşması Gini-Hirschman İndeksi GHI kullanılarak incelenirken, AB ortak pazarına ihracat benzerliği için İhracat Benzerlik İndeksi ESI kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları, GHI yöntemiyle hesaplanan katsayı değerlerine göre Türkiyenin özellikle Birleşik Krallık, ABD ve Almanyaya yaptığı ihracatta ürün çeşitliliği zaman içerisinde önemli ölçüde artış gösterirken, İtalya ve İspanyaya yapılan ihracattaki ürün çeşitliliği dalgalı bir seyir sergilemektedir. İncelenen dönemde BRICSin ABD, Japonya ve Güney Koreye ihracatında, ürün çeşitliliği konusunda büyük değişimler meydana gelmezken, Hong Konga yapılan ihracatta ürün çeşitliliği dalgalı bir seyir göstermekle birlikte, 2021 yılında ürün çeşitliliği ciddi oranda azalmıştır. BRICSin Çine yaptığı ihracatta ise ürün çeşitliliği bakımından köklü bir değişim söz konusu değildir. Türkiye ve BRICSin AB pazarına ihracatının 60.75 gibi bir ESI değerine sahip olması, ilgili mal gruplarında rekabet içinde olduklarını ve birbirleri için tehdit oluşturdukları anlamına gelmektedir.

Makale detayları

Country-Based Export Concentration of Türkiye and BRICS and Export Similarity to the EU Market (2001-2021)

Yazarlar:

Zeynep Aktaş Çimen | Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer)

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.2177-2198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298458

pISSN:

2564-7504

Foreign Trade

Concentration

Gini Hirschman Index

Export Similarity Index

Turkey

BRICSDış Ticaret

Yoğunlaşma

Gini Hirschman İndeksi

İhracat Benzerlik İndeksi

Türkiye

BRICS

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Zeynep Aktaş Çimen | Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

Yayıncı: Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar: Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer)

Dergi: Fiscaoeconomia Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.2177-2198

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001298458

pISSN: 2564-7504

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Zeynep Aktaş Çimen | Levent Kösekahyaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Ahmet Arif EREN

Ana Başlıklar:

Uluslararası İktisat (Diğer)

Dergi:

Fiscaoeconomia Vol.7 Issue 3, pp.2177-2198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298458

pISSN:

2564-7504